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Benjamin L. Cardin

Benjamin L. Cardin

D MD · Senate

2023–2025 Senate
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Policy Effects

Estimated effects on people, organizations, and industries in bills this legislator sponsored, cosponsored, or voted on. Includes bills they voted against.

These are assessments of legislative text, not measurements of realized outcomes or the legislator’s intent.

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What the effects and counts mean

Potential benefits are effects assessed as favorable to the named group. Potential burdens impose costs, restrictions, risks, or lost opportunities on that group.

Mixed effects contain countervailing effects on the same group. Unclear effects have an undetermined direction. A group can have separate benefits and burdens; these are counted separately.

Counts describe the number of identified effects, not their size or public value. Bill and clause counts are distinct within each view. Shared evidence may appear under several groups or policy areas, so their counts should not be added together.

Historical bill versions are included. Clauses analyzed in different versions count separately. A bill’s current status does not establish that every analyzed provision was enacted.

Only direct effects with high or medium confidence in the policy-area assignment are included. Bills are connected through sponsorship, cosponsorship, or Yea/Nay votes; a vote against a bill does not reverse its assessed effects. Vote dates filter recorded votes and vote-linked bills; sponsorship remains included.

Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

All Industries Administrative And Support Services Administrative Services Advertising Agricultural Producers Agricultural Trade Associations Agriculture All Industries Ambulatory Health Care Ambulatory Health Care Services Aquaculture Business Associations Civic Organizations Civil Rights Advocacy Community Health Centers Construction Consumers Corrections & Detention Cross-Industry Defense Disaster Relief And Emergency Management Education Educational Services Electronic Shopping Energy Environment Ethnic/Cultural Groups Federal Administration Federal Land Management Financial Services Fisheries Management Fishing & Forestry Food & Beverage Foreign Actors Foreign Affairs Foreign Businesses Foreign Entities Foreign Political Actors General Public Government Health Care Providers Healthcare Homeowners Hospice Care Immigrant Communities Immigration Individual Investors International Development International Organizations Investigation And Security Services Investment Fund Management Judiciary Labor Language Services Law Enforcement Lobbying Manufacturing Marine Infrastructure Measuring And Controlling Devices Media & Entertainment Military Museums And Cultural Institutions National Security Nonprofit And Volunteer Organizations Nonprofits Nuclear Energy Offices Of Physicians Oil & Gas Other Other Services Pharmaceuticals Philanthropy Political Campaigns Political Candidates Political Donors Political Organizations Professional Services Real Estate Regulated Industries Religious Organizations Renewable Energy Reproductive Medicine Research & Science Retail Sanctioned Entities Security Services Security Systems Services Small Business Social Services Sporting Goods Stores State & Local Government Taxpayers Technology Telecommunications Tourism Trade Transportation Tribal Nations Utilities Veterans Water Infrastructure
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s5581-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To strengthen and expand efforts to identify, include, and advance untapped potential in the United States’ international affairs workforce to strengthen national security, and for other purposes.

52 clauses Dec 18, 2024
Education Professional Services Labor Government

sres671-118

Cosponsor

Expressing support for the designation of the week of April 28, 2024, through May 4, 2024, as National Small Business Week to celebrate the contributions of small businesses and entrepreneurs in every community in the United States.

1 clause May 2, 2024

sres435-118

Cosponsor

Recognizing the week of October 30 through November 4, 2023, as National Veterans Small Business Week.

1 clause Oct 26, 2023

sres431-118

Cosponsor

Recognizing the month of October 2023 as National Women's Small Business Month.

1 clause Oct 25, 2023

s2515-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and the Small Business Act to expand the availability of employee stock ownership plans in S corporations, and for other purposes.

7 clauses Jul 26, 2023

s2482-118

Primary Sponsor Reported

To amend the Small Business Act to authorize the Community Advantage Loan Program of the Small Business Administration, and for other purposes.

13 clauses Jul 25, 2023

s2212-118

Primary Sponsor Reported

To require the Administrator of the Small Business Administration to establish an SBIC Advisory Committee, and for other purposes.

2 clauses Jun 22, 2023

s2184-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Small Business Act to improve the Women’s Business Center Program, and for other purposes.

3 clauses Jun 22, 2023

s2185-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Small Business Act to require an annual report on entrepreneurial development programs, and for other purposes.

10 clauses Jun 22, 2023

s2209-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To establish a veteran Federal procurement entrepreneurship training program.

1 clause Jun 22, 2023

s2021-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Truth in Lending Act to apply that Act to small business financing, and for other purposes.

6 clauses Jun 15, 2023

s1744-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Small Business Act to reauthorize the SCORE program, and for other purposes.

4 clauses May 18, 2023

s1664-118

Cosponsor Reported

To allow Americans to earn paid sick time so that they can address their own health needs and the health needs of their families.

19 clauses May 17, 2023
Retail Food & Beverage Labor Small Business

s1370-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To reauthorize and limit the pre-disaster mitigation program of the Small Business Administration, and for other purposes.

2 clauses Apr 27, 2023

s936-118

Cosponsor Reported

To amend the Small Business Act to include requirements relating to graduates of career and technical education programs or programs of study for small business development centers and women’s business centers, and for other purposes.

1 clause Mar 22, 2023

s728-118

Cosponsor Reported

To amend the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 to provide more effective remedies to victims of discrimination in the payment of wages on the basis of sex, and for other purposes.

27 clauses Mar 9, 2023
Nonprofits Government Investigation And Security Services All Industries

sres200-118

Primary Sponsor

Expressing support for the designation of the week of April 30, 2023, through May 6, 2023, as National Small Business Week to celebrate the contributions of small businesses and entrepreneurs in every community in the United States.

1 clause Mar 4, 2023

s609-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To establish a pilot program awarding competitive grants to organizations administering entrepreneurial development programming to formerly incarcerated individuals, and other purposes.

2 clauses Mar 1, 2023
Law Enforcement

s45-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to simplify reporting requirements, promote tax compliance, and reduce tip reporting compliance burdens in the beauty service industry.

6 clauses Jan 24, 2023

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Explore affected groups in Policy Effects to view supporting evidence. Existing clause links also open here.