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Tim Kaine

Tim Kaine

D VA · Senate

2025–Present Senate
2023–2025 Senate
2021–2023 Senate
2019–2021 Senate
2017–2019 Senate
2015–2017 Senate
2013–2015 Senate
145
Sponsored
791
Cosponsored
658
Votes
Vote Date:
to

Defense

-43
Helped 917 Hurt 960 Unclear 669

Healthcare

+160
Helped 583 Hurt 423 Unclear 683

Finance

+37
Helped 457 Hurt 420 Mixed 3 Unclear 192

Education

-55
Helped 285 Hurt 340 Unclear 321

Government Operations

-51
Helped 75 Hurt 126 Unclear 742

Energy

-110
Helped 253 Hurt 363 Unclear 122

Agriculture

+124
Helped 327 Hurt 203 Unclear 110

Transportation

-234
Helped 109 Hurt 343 Unclear 188

Veterans Affairs

+183
Helped 348 Hurt 165 Unclear 86

Foreign Policy

-60
Helped 229 Hurt 289 Mixed 1 Unclear 77

Environment

-3
Helped 177 Hurt 180 Unclear 197

Sanctions

-57
Helped 218 Hurt 275 Unclear 18

Labor

+43
Helped 178 Hurt 135 Unclear 177

Technology

+32
Helped 215 Hurt 183 Unclear 53

Foreign Affairs

-31
Helped 172 Hurt 203 Unclear 69

Trade

+13
Helped 179 Hurt 166 Unclear 36

Housing

+99
Helped 223 Hurt 124 Unclear 15

Criminal Justice

+3
Helped 170 Hurt 167 Unclear 23

Appropriations

+93
Helped 204 Hurt 111 Unclear 17

Federal Budget

+162
Helped 207 Hurt 45 Unclear 36
20 policy domains
Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

16125 industry impacts

All entities →
How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Government 2195 P·17 C·482 Y·1649 N·1403 w:30.2
Direct (1717), Veterans Affairs (114), Defense (94), DoD (33), VA (19), USDA (18), Executive (16), Congress (14), Legislative (14), State (14), Treasury (12), Agriculture (11), CMS (9), Justice (8), Transportation (8), Education (7), NPS (7), Transportation Security (7), Oversight (6), DOJ (4), Foreign Affairs (4), ICE (4), Judiciary (4), State/Local (4), DHS (3), Legislative Branch (3), Cemeteries (2), FDA (2), FEMA (2), FTC (2), Federal (2), Homeland Security (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Law Enforcement (2), Local (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), State Department (2), DOI (1), Defense R&D (1), Election Workers (1), Employees (1), HHS (1), Intelligence (1), Judicial (1), Local Election Administration (1), Manufacturing (1)
General Public 637 P·12 C·262 Y·359 N·351 w:17.9
Direct (479), Veterans (121), Military Families (16), Minority Voters (5), Voters (4), Military (3), District Of Columbia (2), Foreign (2), Native American Voters (2), Capital District (1), Language Minority Voters (1), Students (1)
Defense 325 C·101 Y·209 N·123 w:1.6
Direct (312), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)
Healthcare 291 C·92 Y·197 N·190 w:5.7
Direct (255), Patients (15), Research (15), Community (3), Tribal (3)
Education 272 P·29 C·100 Y·143 N·121 w:21.6
Direct (261), Child Care (3), HBCUs (1), HSIs (1), Immigrant Students (1), MSIs (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1), Tribal (1), Tribal/Native (1)
Military 231 C·7 Y·224 N·109 w:1.5
Direct (230), Families (1)
Financial Services 204 C·121 Y·75 N·80 w:8.3
Direct (195), HSA (7), HSA Administration (2)
Agriculture 184 P·3 C·26 Y·155 N·151 w:6.8
Direct (176), Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2)
Construction 160 C·3 Y·156 N·132 w:0.8
Direct (157), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
State & Local Government 159 P·6 C·78 Y·73 N·67 w:8.2
Direct (149), Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (2), Education (1), Elections (1)

Negative-Effect Industries

Government 2345 P·82 C·1234 Y·955 N·840 w:82.6
Direct (1963), Defense (76), Veterans Affairs (66), EPA (22), State (17), Federal (12), HHS (12), State/Local (12), Education (11), NPS (11), FDA (10), Transportation (8), VA (8), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), Homeland Security (6), DOI (5), Foreign (5), CFPB (4), Foreign Affairs (4), Intelligence (4), Treasury (4), Treasury/IRS (4), DHS (3), Executive (3), General (3), Legislative (3), NOAA (3), NOAA/EPA (3), SEC (3), ATF (2), Acquisition (2), Congress (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Executive Branch (2), Local Election Administration (2), Military (2), State Election Administration (2), State Legislatures (2), State/Local Election Administration (2), USDA (2), Coast Guard (1), DoD (1), Energy/Defense (1), Executive Office (1), Housing (1), Interior Department (1), Justice (1), Law Enforcement (1), Local (1), NNSA (1), OPM (1), Oversight (1), Space Force (1), Strategic Command (1), Transportation Security (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), Waste Management (1)
Transportation 291 P·2 C·215 Y·74 N·44 w:7.9
Defense 234 P·2 C·84 Y·142 N·60 w:2.7
Direct (230), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)
General Public 187 P·11 C·45 Y·129 N·120 w:6.2
Direct (165), Veterans (20), Bad Actors (1), Taxpayers (1)
Education 173 P·19 C·65 Y·89 N·85 w:16.2
Financial Services 170 P·6 C·110 Y·51 N·53 w:12.0
Direct (169), Transgender Individuals (1)
State & Local Government 168 P·6 C·106 Y·54 N·56 w:6.7
Direct (155), Elections (4), Non-Expansion (3), Education (2), Medicaid Programs (2), Motor Vehicles (2)
Military 137 C·2 Y·132 N·56 w:0.7
Direct (136), Space Force (1)
Healthcare 136 P·2 C·24 Y·103 N·105 w:3.4
Direct (125), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2), Reproductive Health (2), Safety Net Providers (2)
Environment 128 P·12 C·64 Y·51 N·52 w:17.4

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage
100.0% of votes
Show vote-alignment table
S+ Supported Benefits
S- Supported Burdens
O+ Opposed Benefits
O- Opposed Burdens
Industry S+ S- O+ O- Net
Government (58 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans Affairs (180), Defense (158), DoD (34), VA (23), EPA (22) +53 more
+135
General Public (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (141), Military Families (16), Military (3), Foreign (2), Taxpayers (1)
+230
Defense (14 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more
-14
Military (2 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Families (1), Space Force (1)
-1
Healthcare (8 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (15), Community (3), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Tribal (3), Family Planning Services (2) +3 more
+97
Education (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)
+2
Construction (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
+83
Taxpayers - - -18
Agriculture (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1)
+12
Manufacturing (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (7), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)
+15
Transportation +9
Immigration - - +107
Financial Services (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7), HSA Administration (2), Transgender Individuals (1)
-13
State & Local Government (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (4), Non-Expansion (3)
- +9
Energy (1 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Distributed Generation (1)
-20

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

All Roles Sponsor Cosponsor
All Industries Defense Education Environment Financial Services General Public Government Healthcare Military State & Local Government Transportation
Clear

s4578-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Gateway to Careers Act of 2026

2 clauses May 20, 2026
Native American Tribes Agriculture Education Federal Government

sres738-119

Cosponsor

A resolution recognizing the significance of Jewish American Heritage Month and calling on elected officials and civil society leaders to counter antisemitism.

1 clause May 19, 2026
Education

s4504-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Full-Service Community School Expansion Act of 2026

2 clauses May 12, 2026
Native American Tribes Agriculture Education Federal Government

s4388-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Housing Survivors of Major Disasters Act of 2026

2 clauses Apr 27, 2026
Labor Education

s4321-119

Cosponsor In Committee

YouthBuild for the Future Act

3 clauses Apr 16, 2026
Federal Administration Labor Education

s4297-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Keep Public Funds in Public Schools Act

2 clauses Apr 15, 2026
Education

s4298-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Stop CHEATERS Act

3 clauses Apr 15, 2026
Financial Services Education

s4269-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Restoring College Access and Affordability Act

4 clauses Mar 26, 2026
Education

s4061-119

Cosponsor In Committee

RAYS Act

2 clauses Mar 11, 2026
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s4039-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Professional Degree Access Restoration Act

1 clause Mar 10, 2026
Education

sres618-119

Cosponsor

A resolution recognizing the importance of career and technical education ("CTE") educators and work-based learning coordinators in delivering high-quality CTE, preparing students for success in the workplace, the classroom, and in life, and supporting dynamic workforce pipelines that enable the United States to grow and lead in critical economic sectors.

1 clause Feb 26, 2026
Education

s3939-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Chesapeake WATERS Act

1 clause Feb 26, 2026
Federal Administration Education

s3900-119

Cosponsor Reported

Iran Human Rights, Internet Freedom, and Accountability Act of 2026

6 clauses Feb 24, 2026
Education Defense Contractors Federal Administration Transportation

s3869-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Healthy Families Act

10 clauses Feb 12, 2026
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s3865-119

Cosponsor In Committee

BE HEARD in the Workplace Act

37 clauses Feb 12, 2026
Labor Health Care Providers Education Environmental Services

s3777-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Rebuild America’s Schools Act of 2026

25 clauses Feb 4, 2026
Federal Administration Health Care Providers Education

sres594-119

Cosponsor

A resolution supporting the contributions of Catholic schools in the United States and celebrating the 52nd annual National Catholic Schools Week.

1 clause Jan 29, 2026

s3612-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Critical Mineral Mining Education Act of 2026

10 clauses Jan 12, 2026
Federal Administration Education Defense Contractors

s3588-119

Cosponsor In Committee

School Access to Naloxone Act of 2026

3 clauses Jan 7, 2026
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s3538-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Student Loan Tax Elimination Act

2 clauses Dec 17, 2025
Education
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Policy Mechanisms Used

Industry Focus Distribution