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Tim Kaine

Tim Kaine

D VA · Senate

2025–Present Senate
2023–2025 Senate
2021–2023 Senate
2019–2021 Senate
2017–2019 Senate
2015–2017 Senate
2013–2015 Senate
Vote Date:
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Defense

-44
Helped 917 Hurt 961 Unclear 668

Healthcare

+161
Helped 588 Hurt 427 Unclear 675

Finance

+36
Helped 460 Hurt 424 Mixed 5 Unclear 191

Education

-40
Helped 312 Hurt 352 Unclear 325

Government Operations

-78
Helped 79 Hurt 157 Unclear 731

Energy

-110
Helped 253 Hurt 363 Unclear 121

Agriculture

+127
Helped 336 Hurt 209 Unclear 111

Transportation

-234
Helped 109 Hurt 343 Unclear 184

Foreign Policy

-63
Helped 231 Hurt 294 Mixed 1 Unclear 78

Veterans Affairs

+183
Helped 348 Hurt 165 Unclear 86

Environment

-4
Helped 182 Hurt 186 Unclear 194

Sanctions

-57
Helped 218 Hurt 275 Unclear 18

Labor

+43
Helped 178 Hurt 135 Unclear 177

Technology

+36
Helped 224 Hurt 188 Unclear 53

Foreign Affairs

-32
Helped 174 Hurt 206 Unclear 69

Trade

+15
Helped 180 Hurt 165 Unclear 37

Housing

+98
Helped 222 Hurt 124 Unclear 15

Criminal Justice

+3
Helped 170 Hurt 167 Unclear 23

Appropriations

+93
Helped 204 Hurt 111 Unclear 17

Federal Budget

+162
Helped 207 Hurt 45 Unclear 36
20 policy domains
Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

16341 industry impacts

All entities →
How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Direct (1722), Veterans Affairs (114), Defense (94), DoD (33), VA (19), USDA (18), Executive (16), Congress (14), Legislative (14), State (14), Treasury (12), Agriculture (11), CMS (9), Justice (8), Transportation (8), Education (7), NPS (7), Transportation Security (7), Oversight (6), DOJ (4), Foreign Affairs (4), ICE (4), Judiciary (4), State/Local (4), DHS (3), Legislative Branch (3), Cemeteries (2), FDA (2), FEMA (2), FTC (2), Federal (2), Homeland Security (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Law Enforcement (2), Local (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), State Department (2), DOI (1), Defense R&D (1), Election Workers (1), Employees (1), HHS (1), Intelligence (1), Judicial (1), Local Election Administration (1), Manufacturing (1)
Direct (480), Veterans (121), Military Families (16), Minority Voters (5), Voters (4), Military (3), District Of Columbia (2), Foreign (2), Native American Voters (2), Capital District (1), Language Minority Voters (1), Students (1)
Direct (312), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)
Direct (258), Patients (15), Research (15), Community (3), Tribal (3)
Direct (281), Child Care (3), HBCUs (1), HSIs (1), Immigrant Students (1), MSIs (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1), Tribal (1), Tribal/Native (1)
Direct (179), Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2)
Direct (153), Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (2), Education (1), Elections (1)
Direct (156), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)

Negative-Effect Industries

Direct (1976), Defense (76), Veterans Affairs (66), EPA (22), State (17), Federal (12), HHS (12), State/Local (12), Education (11), NPS (11), FDA (10), Transportation (8), VA (8), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), Homeland Security (6), DOI (5), Foreign (5), CFPB (4), Foreign Affairs (4), Intelligence (4), Treasury (4), Treasury/IRS (4), DHS (3), Executive (3), General (3), Legislative (3), NOAA (3), NOAA/EPA (3), SEC (3), ATF (2), Acquisition (2), Congress (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Executive Branch (2), Local Election Administration (2), Military (2), State Election Administration (2), State Legislatures (2), State/Local Election Administration (2), USDA (2), Coast Guard (1), DoD (1), Energy/Defense (1), Executive Office (1), Housing (1), Interior Department (1), Justice (1), Law Enforcement (1), Local (1), NNSA (1), OPM (1), Oversight (1), Space Force (1), Strategic Command (1), Transportation Security (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), Waste Management (1)
Direct (231), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)
Direct (165), Veterans (20), Bad Actors (1), Taxpayers (1)
Direct (157), Elections (4), Non-Expansion (3), Education (2), Medicaid Programs (2), Motor Vehicles (2)
Direct (129), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2), Reproductive Health (2), Safety Net Providers (2)

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage
100.0% of votes
Show vote-alignment table
S+ Supported Benefits
S- Supported Burdens
O+ Opposed Benefits
O- Opposed Burdens
Industry S+ S- O+ O- Net
Government (58 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans Affairs (180), Defense (158), DoD (34), VA (23), EPA (22) +53 more
+141
General Public (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (141), Military Families (16), Military (3), Foreign (2), Taxpayers (1)
+230
Defense (14 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more
-14
Military (2 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Families (1), Space Force (1)
-1
Healthcare (8 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (15), Community (3), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Tribal (3), Family Planning Services (2) +3 more
+97
Education (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)
+2
Construction (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
+84
Taxpayers - - -18
Agriculture (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1)
+12
Manufacturing (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (7), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)
+12
Transportation +10
Immigration - - +107
Financial Services (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7), HSA Administration (2), Transgender Individuals (1)
-13
State & Local Government (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (4), Non-Expansion (3)
- +9
Energy (1 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Distributed Generation (1)
-20

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

sres175-118

Cosponsor

Recognizing the importance of the 70th anniversary of the signing of the Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States and the Republic of Korea on October 1, 1953.

1 clause Apr 26, 2023
Foreign Businesses Energy Production Consumers Federal Government

s1323-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To create protections for financial institutions that provide financial services to State-sanctioned marijuana businesses and service providers for such businesses, and for other purposes.

14 clauses Apr 26, 2023
Insurance Carriers Credit Intermediation Federal Government Cannabis Retail

s1271-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To impose sanctions with respect to trafficking of illicit fentanyl and its precursors by transnational criminal organizations, including cartels, and for other purposes.

65 clauses Apr 25, 2023
Foreign Businesses Healthcare Consumers Immigrant Communities Federal Government

s1272-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to provide for examination and disclosure with respect to Presidential income tax returns, to amend the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 to require the disclosure of certain tax returns by Presidents and certain candidates for the office of the President, and for other purposes.

5 clauses Apr 25, 2023
Financial Services Environmental Groups Regulated Industries Federal Government

s1220-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To establish the position of Special Envoy to the Pacific Islands Forum.

2 clauses Apr 19, 2023
Foreign Affairs Environmental Groups Consumers Federal Government

s1219-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Public Health Service Act to provide health equity for people with disabilities.

1 clause Apr 19, 2023
Veterans Healthcare Consumers Federal Government Homeowners

s1204-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To allow veterans to use, possess, or transport medical marijuana and to discuss the use of medical marijuana with a physician of the Department of Veterans Affairs as authorized by a State or Indian Tribe, and for other purposes.

2 clauses Apr 19, 2023
Healthcare Consumers Education Veterans Federal Government

sres161-118

Cosponsor

Designating the week of April 22 through April 30, 2023, as National Park Week.

1 clause Apr 18, 2023
Regulated Industries

s1168-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 to provide program eligibility for distance education programs offered by foreign institutions of higher education.

1 clause Apr 17, 2023
Education Federal Government Consumers

s1171-118

Cosponsor Reported

To amend chapter 131 of title 5, United States Code, to prevent Members of Congress and their spouses and dependent children from trading stocks and owning stocks, and for other purposes.

34 clauses Apr 17, 2023
Financial Services Federal Administration Individual Investors Energy Production

sres142-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Expressing concern about environmental crimes and attacks on the human rights of environmental and land defenders in Latin America and the Caribbean.

1 clause Mar 30, 2023
Environmental Groups Foreign Businesses Homeowners Foreign Affairs

sres153-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Recognizing the roles and the contributions of care workers in the United States and expressing support for the designation of April 2023 as Care Worker Recognition Month.

0 clauses Mar 30, 2023

sres157-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Commemorating the 25th anniversary of the signing of the Good Friday Agreement, and for other purposes.

1 clause Mar 30, 2023
Immigrant Communities Education Federal Government Law Enforcement

sres140-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Commemorating 200 years of official relations between the United States of America and the Republic of Chile.

1 clause Mar 30, 2023
Scientific Research Environmental Groups

sres148-118

Cosponsor

Recognizing the heritage, culture, and contributions of American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian women in the United States.

1 clause Mar 30, 2023
Foreign Businesses Consumers

s1110-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to rebase the calculation of payments for sole community hospitals and Medicare-dependent hospitals, and for other purposes.

3 clauses Mar 30, 2023
Agriculture Healthcare Consumers Federal Government Consumers

s1071-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to provide students with disabilities and their families with access to critical information needed to select the right college and succeed once enrolled.

3 clauses Mar 30, 2023
Education Federal Government Consumers Homeowners

s1084-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To eliminate racial, religious, and other discriminatory profiling by law enforcement, and for other purposes.

11 clauses Mar 30, 2023
Law Enforcement Legal Services Higher Education General Public

s1116-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To prohibit firearms dealers from selling a firearm prior to the completion of a background check.

0 clauses Mar 30, 2023

s1092-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to make college affordable and accessible by expanding access to dual or concurrent enrollment programs and early college high school programs.

2 clauses Mar 30, 2023
Transportation Environmental Groups Education Agriculture

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Policy Mechanisms Used

Industry Focus Distribution