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Tim Kaine

Tim Kaine

D VA · Senate

2025–Present Senate
2023–2025 Senate
2021–2023 Senate
2019–2021 Senate
2017–2019 Senate
2015–2017 Senate
2013–2015 Senate
145
Sponsored
791
Cosponsored
658
Votes
Vote Date:
to

Defense

-43
Helped 917 Hurt 960 Unclear 669

Healthcare

+160
Helped 583 Hurt 423 Unclear 683

Finance

+37
Helped 457 Hurt 420 Mixed 3 Unclear 192

Education

-55
Helped 285 Hurt 340 Unclear 321

Government Operations

-51
Helped 75 Hurt 126 Unclear 742

Energy

-110
Helped 253 Hurt 363 Unclear 122

Agriculture

+124
Helped 327 Hurt 203 Unclear 110

Transportation

-234
Helped 109 Hurt 343 Unclear 188

Veterans Affairs

+183
Helped 348 Hurt 165 Unclear 86

Foreign Policy

-60
Helped 229 Hurt 289 Mixed 1 Unclear 77

Environment

-3
Helped 177 Hurt 180 Unclear 197

Sanctions

-57
Helped 218 Hurt 275 Unclear 18

Labor

+43
Helped 178 Hurt 135 Unclear 177

Technology

+32
Helped 215 Hurt 183 Unclear 53

Foreign Affairs

-31
Helped 172 Hurt 203 Unclear 69

Trade

+13
Helped 179 Hurt 166 Unclear 36

Housing

+99
Helped 223 Hurt 124 Unclear 15

Criminal Justice

+3
Helped 170 Hurt 167 Unclear 23

Appropriations

+93
Helped 204 Hurt 111 Unclear 17

Federal Budget

+162
Helped 207 Hurt 45 Unclear 36
20 policy domains
Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

16125 industry impacts

All entities →
How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Government 2195 P·17 C·482 Y·1649 N·1403 w:30.2
Direct (1717), Veterans Affairs (114), Defense (94), DoD (33), VA (19), USDA (18), Executive (16), Congress (14), Legislative (14), State (14), Treasury (12), Agriculture (11), CMS (9), Justice (8), Transportation (8), Education (7), NPS (7), Transportation Security (7), Oversight (6), DOJ (4), Foreign Affairs (4), ICE (4), Judiciary (4), State/Local (4), DHS (3), Legislative Branch (3), Cemeteries (2), FDA (2), FEMA (2), FTC (2), Federal (2), Homeland Security (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Law Enforcement (2), Local (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), State Department (2), DOI (1), Defense R&D (1), Election Workers (1), Employees (1), HHS (1), Intelligence (1), Judicial (1), Local Election Administration (1), Manufacturing (1)
General Public 637 P·12 C·262 Y·359 N·351 w:17.9
Direct (479), Veterans (121), Military Families (16), Minority Voters (5), Voters (4), Military (3), District Of Columbia (2), Foreign (2), Native American Voters (2), Capital District (1), Language Minority Voters (1), Students (1)
Defense 325 C·101 Y·209 N·123 w:1.6
Direct (312), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)
Healthcare 291 C·92 Y·197 N·190 w:5.7
Direct (255), Patients (15), Research (15), Community (3), Tribal (3)
Education 272 P·29 C·100 Y·143 N·121 w:21.6
Direct (261), Child Care (3), HBCUs (1), HSIs (1), Immigrant Students (1), MSIs (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1), Tribal (1), Tribal/Native (1)
Military 231 C·7 Y·224 N·109 w:1.5
Direct (230), Families (1)
Financial Services 204 C·121 Y·75 N·80 w:8.3
Direct (195), HSA (7), HSA Administration (2)
Agriculture 184 P·3 C·26 Y·155 N·151 w:6.8
Direct (176), Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2)
Construction 160 C·3 Y·156 N·132 w:0.8
Direct (157), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
State & Local Government 159 P·6 C·78 Y·73 N·67 w:8.2
Direct (149), Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (2), Education (1), Elections (1)

Negative-Effect Industries

Government 2345 P·82 C·1234 Y·955 N·840 w:82.6
Direct (1963), Defense (76), Veterans Affairs (66), EPA (22), State (17), Federal (12), HHS (12), State/Local (12), Education (11), NPS (11), FDA (10), Transportation (8), VA (8), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), Homeland Security (6), DOI (5), Foreign (5), CFPB (4), Foreign Affairs (4), Intelligence (4), Treasury (4), Treasury/IRS (4), DHS (3), Executive (3), General (3), Legislative (3), NOAA (3), NOAA/EPA (3), SEC (3), ATF (2), Acquisition (2), Congress (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Executive Branch (2), Local Election Administration (2), Military (2), State Election Administration (2), State Legislatures (2), State/Local Election Administration (2), USDA (2), Coast Guard (1), DoD (1), Energy/Defense (1), Executive Office (1), Housing (1), Interior Department (1), Justice (1), Law Enforcement (1), Local (1), NNSA (1), OPM (1), Oversight (1), Space Force (1), Strategic Command (1), Transportation Security (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), Waste Management (1)
Transportation 291 P·2 C·215 Y·74 N·44 w:7.9
Defense 234 P·2 C·84 Y·142 N·60 w:2.7
Direct (230), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)
General Public 187 P·11 C·45 Y·129 N·120 w:6.2
Direct (165), Veterans (20), Bad Actors (1), Taxpayers (1)
Education 173 P·19 C·65 Y·89 N·85 w:16.2
Financial Services 170 P·6 C·110 Y·51 N·53 w:12.0
Direct (169), Transgender Individuals (1)
State & Local Government 168 P·6 C·106 Y·54 N·56 w:6.7
Direct (155), Elections (4), Non-Expansion (3), Education (2), Medicaid Programs (2), Motor Vehicles (2)
Military 137 C·2 Y·132 N·56 w:0.7
Direct (136), Space Force (1)
Healthcare 136 P·2 C·24 Y·103 N·105 w:3.4
Direct (125), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2), Reproductive Health (2), Safety Net Providers (2)
Environment 128 P·12 C·64 Y·51 N·52 w:17.4

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage
100.0% of votes
Show vote-alignment table
S+ Supported Benefits
S- Supported Burdens
O+ Opposed Benefits
O- Opposed Burdens
Industry S+ S- O+ O- Net
Government (58 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans Affairs (180), Defense (158), DoD (34), VA (23), EPA (22) +53 more
+135
General Public (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (141), Military Families (16), Military (3), Foreign (2), Taxpayers (1)
+230
Defense (14 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more
-14
Military (2 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Families (1), Space Force (1)
-1
Healthcare (8 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (15), Community (3), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Tribal (3), Family Planning Services (2) +3 more
+97
Education (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)
+2
Construction (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
+83
Taxpayers - - -18
Agriculture (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1)
+12
Manufacturing (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (7), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)
+15
Transportation +9
Immigration - - +107
Financial Services (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7), HSA Administration (2), Transgender Individuals (1)
-13
State & Local Government (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (4), Non-Expansion (3)
- +9
Energy (1 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Distributed Generation (1)
-20

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

All Roles Sponsor Cosponsor
All Industries Defense Education Environment Financial Services General Public Government Healthcare Military State & Local Government Transportation

s1531-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Assault Weapons Ban of 2025

4 clauses Apr 30, 2025
Financial Services Health Care Providers Defense Contractors Immigration Services

s1505-119

Cosponsor Introduced

To ensure that Social Security beneficiaries receive regular statements from the Social Security Administration, and for other purposes.

2 clauses Apr 29, 2025
Social Services Labor

s1504-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Claiming Age Clarity Act

1 clause Apr 29, 2025
Financial Services

s1503-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Equality Act

10 clauses Apr 29, 2025
Government Mental Health Services Retail Trade Legal Services

s1515-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Affordable Housing Credit Improvement Act of 2025

25 clauses Apr 29, 2025
Financial Services Households Government Tribal Government

s1467-119

Cosponsor Passed Senate

Homebuyers Privacy Protection Act

2 clauses Apr 10, 2025
Consumer Finance Mortgage Lending Credit Reporting Depository Institutions

s1458-119

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to provide for a refundable adoption tax credit.

2 clauses Apr 10, 2025
Financial Services

s1408-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Chesapeake National Recreation Area Act of 2025

7 clauses Apr 10, 2025
Tourism Government Government - DOI Defense

sjres49-119

Cosponsor In Committee

A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose global tariffs.

0 clauses Apr 10, 2025

sres180-119

Cosponsor Introduced

A resolution designating the week of April 19 through April 27, 2025, as "National Park Week".

1 clause Apr 10, 2025

s1372-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Tax Cut for Workers Act of 2025

4 clauses Apr 9, 2025
General Population Taxpayers Individual Taxpayers

s1369-119

Primary Sponsor Reported

Protecting Global Fisheries Act of 2026

9 clauses Apr 9, 2025
Government Banking Wildlife Fisheries

s1370-119

Cosponsor In Committee

GOSAFE Act

6 clauses Apr 9, 2025
Criminal Justice Gun Owners Firearms Government - DOJ

s1374-119

Cosponsor In Committee

BUMP Act

1 clause Apr 9, 2025
Energy Production

s1393-119

Cosponsor In Committee

American Family Act

4 clauses Apr 9, 2025
Federal Administration Education Environmental Services

s1377-119

Cosponsor Passed Senate

Theodore Roosevelt National Park Wild Horses Protection Act

2 clauses Apr 9, 2025
Animal Welfare Outdoor Recreation Public Lands Science

s1352-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Public Service Freedom to Negotiate Act of 2025

5 clauses Apr 8, 2025
Immigration Services Health Care Providers Labor Environmental Services

s1332-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Raise the Wage Act of 2025

5 clauses Apr 8, 2025
Federal Administration Labor Environmental Services

s1329-119

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To address the behavioral health workforce shortages through support for peer support specialists, and for other purposes.

5 clauses Apr 8, 2025
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

sres159-119

Cosponsor

Honoring the life of the Honorable John Bennett Johnston, Jr., former Senator for the State of Louisiana.

0 clauses Apr 7, 2025
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Click an industry from the Impact Profile to view supporting clauses

Policy Mechanisms Used

Industry Focus Distribution