S1515-119

In Committee

Affordable Housing Credit Improvement Act of 2025

119th Congress Introduced Apr 29, 2025

Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.

Summary

What This Bill Does

The bill exempts extends the average income test from the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) to tax-exempt private activity bonds for multifamily housing, allowing projects financed with exempt facility bonds to use averaged, defines codifies rules allowing low-income housing units to retain their designation even when tenant incomes rise above the initial eligibility threshold, up to 120% of area median income for acquired/rehabilitated, and exempts modifies student occupancy rules to allow certain categories of students to qualify for LIHTC housing, including veterans, persons with disabilities, victims of domestic violence, former foster youth. It relies on definition changes, exemptions, compliance mandates, and tax credits. The main policy areas are Finance, Housing, Native American Affairs, and Rural Development.

Who Benefits and How

State and local housing finance agencies issuing bonds could gain revenue opportunities, Federal government (taxpayers) could see lower costs, and Victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking could face reduced risk.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Federal government (taxpayers) could face higher costs, Real estate speculators flipping LIHTC properties could lose revenue opportunities, and LIHTC property owners seeking to exit affordability restrictions early could face higher barriers.

Key Provisions

  • Exempts extends the average income test from the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) to tax-exempt private activity bonds for multifamily housing, allowing projects financed with exempt facility bonds to use averaged...
  • Defines codifies rules allowing low-income housing units to retain their designation even when tenant incomes rise above the initial eligibility threshold, up to 120% of area median income for acquired/rehabilitated...
  • Exempts modifies student occupancy rules to allow certain categories of students to qualify for LIHTC housing, including veterans, persons with disabilities, victims of domestic violence, former foster youth...
  • Defines allows tenant-based housing vouchers (Section 8) to be counted as tenant-paid rent for purposes of income averaging projects, making it easier for voucher holders to access LIHTC properties.
  • Requires LIHTC properties to prohibit eviction or lease denial based on domestic violence and allows victims to enforce these protections in state court.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

The bill exempts extends the average income test from the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) to tax-exempt private activity bonds for multifamily housing, allowing projects financed with exempt facility bonds to use averaged, defines codifies rules allowing low-income housing units to retain their designation even when tenant incomes rise above the initial eligibility threshold, up to 120% of area median income for acquired/rehabilitated, and exempts modifies student occupancy rules to allow certain categories of students to qualify for LIHTC housing, including veterans, persons with disabilities, victims of domestic violence, former foster youth.

Key Policy Areas

Finance, Housing, Native American Affairs, Rural Development

Primary Purpose

The bill exempts extends the average income test from the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) to tax-exempt private activity bonds for multifamily housing, allowing projects financed with exempt facility bonds to use averaged, defines codifies rules allowing low-income housing units to retain their designation even when tenant incomes rise above the initial eligibility threshold, up to 120% of area median income for acquired/rehabilitated, and exempts modifies student occupancy rules to allow certain categories of students to qualify for LIHTC housing, including veterans, persons with disabilities, victims of domestic violence, former foster youth.

Policy Domains

Finance Housing Native American Affairs Rural Development

Title I - Increases in State Allocations

Identified Gains
  • State and local housing finance agencies issuing bonds
  • Federal government (taxpayers)
  • Victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking
  • Tenants with rising incomes in LIHTC housing
  • Students with disabilities, domestic violence survivors, former foster youth
Model: codex-gpt-5:bulk-repair | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is
Federal government (taxpayers): ,
Tenants with rising incomes in LIHTC housing:
State and local housing finance agencies issuing bonds: ,
Victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking:
Students with disabilities, domestic violence survivors, former foster youth:
Identified Costs
  • Federal government (taxpayers)
  • Real estate speculators flipping LIHTC properties
  • LIHTC property owners seeking to exit affordability restrictions early
  • Local governments seeking to influence LIHTC placement
  • Developers with inflated project costs
Model: codex-gpt-5:bulk-repair | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is
Federal government (taxpayers): , , ,
Developers with inflated project costs:
Real estate speculators flipping LIHTC properties:
Local governments seeking to influence LIHTC placement:
LIHTC property owners seeking to exit affordability restrictions early:

Legislative Progress

In Committee
Introduced Committee Passed
Apr 29, 2025

Mr. Young (for himself, Ms. Cantwell, Mrs. Blackburn, Mr. Wyden, …

Apr 29, 2025

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.

Apr 29, 2025

Introduced in Senate

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Real Estate
23 mentions across 22 clauses
+18 positive -5 negative

Affordable housing developers accepting vouchers, Affordable housing developers doing rehabilitation projects, Affordable housing developers in localities with NIMBY opposition

Positive-direction: Affordable housing developers accepting vouchers, Affordable housing developers doing rehabilitation projects, Affordable housing developers in localities with NIMBY opposition, Affordable housing developers in rural areas, Affordable housing developers near colleges, Affordable housing developers targeting veteran populations, Affordable housing developers using bond financing, Affordable housing developers using tax-exempt bonds, Affordable housing owners in disaster-prone areas, Affordable housing property owners and developers, Developers building energy-efficient affordable housing, Developers building housing for extremely low-income households, Developers in community revitalization areas, Developers using tax-exempt bond financing for LIHTC projects, Long-term affordable housing developers, Real estate developers using tax-exempt bonds for affordable housing, Rural affordable housing developers, Tribal housing entities and developers

Negative-direction: Affordable housing property owners and managers, Developers with inflated project costs, LIHTC property owners seeking to exit affordability restrictions early, Non-tribal developers in Indian areas, Real estate speculators flipping LIHTC properties

Households
15 mentions across 14 clauses
+15 positive

Extremely low-income households (30% AMI or below), Low-income renters in high-opportunity areas, Low-income renters in rural communities

Government
14 mentions across 12 clauses
+8 positive -6 negative

Federal government (taxpayers), Indian tribes and tribally designated housing entities, Local governments seeking to influence LIHTC placement

Federal government (taxpayers), State housing finance agencies face effects in multiple directions

Positive-direction: Indian tribes and tribally designated housing entities, Local housing finance agencies, State and local housing finance agencies issuing bonds, State housing finance agencies administering rural projects

Negative-direction: Local governments seeking to influence LIHTC placement

Financial Services
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

LIHTC investors and syndicators

25/28
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Finance Housing Native American Affairs Rural Development
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Treasury
"housing_credit_agency"
→ State housing credit agency
Domains
Housing Tax Policy Veterans Affairs
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Treasury
"housing_credit_agency"
→ State housing credit agency
Domains
Housing Tax Policy
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Treasury
"applicable_housing_credit_agency"
→ State housing credit agency
Domains
Native American Affairs Housing Tax Policy
Actor Mappings
"indian_tribal_government"
→ Indian tribal government or Alaska Native corporation
"tribally_designated_housing_entity"
→ Tribally designated housing entity under NAHASDA
Domains
Rural Development Housing Tax Policy
Actor Mappings
"housing_credit_agency"
→ State housing credit agency
Domains
Tax Policy Housing Finance
Domains
Tax Policy
Domains
Housing Land Use

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

7 terms
"average income test" §42(g)(1)(C)

A project meets average income requirements if it meets the minimum requirements specified in section 42(g)(1)(C), allowing projects to serve households at varying income levels averaging to the required threshold.

"qualified casualty loss" §section 301

A casualty loss that is the result of a Federally declared disaster.

"minimum amount (state allocation)" §minimum amount

For 2025: ,876,000 minimum floor for small states; adjusted for inflation in subsequent years.

"qualified census tract" §42(d)(5)(B)(ii)

A census tract designated by HUD where the average income does not exceed a specified percentage of area median gross income.

"per capita amount (state allocation)" §per capita amount

For 2025: .25 per capita; for 2026: 1.25 times the 2025 amount adjusted for cost-of-living; after 2026: adjusted annually for inflation.

"Indian area" §42(d)(5)(B)(iii)(II)

Any Indian area as defined in section 4(11) of the Native American Housing Assistance and Self Determination Act of 1996 (25 U.S.C. 4103(11)) and any housing area as defined in section 801(5) of such Act.

"rural area" §42(d)(5)(B)(iii)(III)

Any non-metropolitan area, or any rural area as defined by section 520 of the Housing Act of 1949, which is identified by the qualified allocation plan.

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology