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Tim Kaine

Tim Kaine

D VA · Senate

2025–Present Senate
2023–2025 Senate
2021–2023 Senate
2019–2021 Senate
2017–2019 Senate
2015–2017 Senate
2013–2015 Senate
Vote Date:
to

Defense

-43
Helped 917 Hurt 960 Unclear 669

Healthcare

+160
Helped 583 Hurt 423 Unclear 683

Finance

+37
Helped 457 Hurt 420 Mixed 3 Unclear 192

Education

-55
Helped 285 Hurt 340 Unclear 321

Government Operations

-51
Helped 75 Hurt 126 Unclear 742

Energy

-110
Helped 253 Hurt 363 Unclear 122

Agriculture

+124
Helped 327 Hurt 203 Unclear 110

Transportation

-234
Helped 109 Hurt 343 Unclear 188

Veterans Affairs

+183
Helped 348 Hurt 165 Unclear 86

Foreign Policy

-60
Helped 229 Hurt 289 Mixed 1 Unclear 77

Environment

-3
Helped 177 Hurt 180 Unclear 197

Sanctions

-57
Helped 218 Hurt 275 Unclear 18

Labor

+43
Helped 178 Hurt 135 Unclear 177

Technology

+32
Helped 215 Hurt 183 Unclear 53

Foreign Affairs

-31
Helped 172 Hurt 203 Unclear 69

Trade

+13
Helped 179 Hurt 166 Unclear 36

Housing

+99
Helped 223 Hurt 124 Unclear 15

Criminal Justice

+3
Helped 170 Hurt 167 Unclear 23

Appropriations

+93
Helped 204 Hurt 111 Unclear 17

Federal Budget

+162
Helped 207 Hurt 45 Unclear 36
20 policy domains
Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

16125 industry impacts

All entities →
How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Direct (1717), Veterans Affairs (114), Defense (94), DoD (33), VA (19), USDA (18), Executive (16), Congress (14), Legislative (14), State (14), Treasury (12), Agriculture (11), CMS (9), Justice (8), Transportation (8), Education (7), NPS (7), Transportation Security (7), Oversight (6), DOJ (4), Foreign Affairs (4), ICE (4), Judiciary (4), State/Local (4), DHS (3), Legislative Branch (3), Cemeteries (2), FDA (2), FEMA (2), FTC (2), Federal (2), Homeland Security (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Law Enforcement (2), Local (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), State Department (2), DOI (1), Defense R&D (1), Election Workers (1), Employees (1), HHS (1), Intelligence (1), Judicial (1), Local Election Administration (1), Manufacturing (1)
Direct (479), Veterans (121), Military Families (16), Minority Voters (5), Voters (4), Military (3), District Of Columbia (2), Foreign (2), Native American Voters (2), Capital District (1), Language Minority Voters (1), Students (1)
Direct (312), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)
Direct (255), Patients (15), Research (15), Community (3), Tribal (3)
Direct (261), Child Care (3), HBCUs (1), HSIs (1), Immigrant Students (1), MSIs (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1), Tribal (1), Tribal/Native (1)
Direct (176), Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2)
Direct (157), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
Direct (149), Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (2), Education (1), Elections (1)

Negative-Effect Industries

Direct (1963), Defense (76), Veterans Affairs (66), EPA (22), State (17), Federal (12), HHS (12), State/Local (12), Education (11), NPS (11), FDA (10), Transportation (8), VA (8), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), Homeland Security (6), DOI (5), Foreign (5), CFPB (4), Foreign Affairs (4), Intelligence (4), Treasury (4), Treasury/IRS (4), DHS (3), Executive (3), General (3), Legislative (3), NOAA (3), NOAA/EPA (3), SEC (3), ATF (2), Acquisition (2), Congress (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Executive Branch (2), Local Election Administration (2), Military (2), State Election Administration (2), State Legislatures (2), State/Local Election Administration (2), USDA (2), Coast Guard (1), DoD (1), Energy/Defense (1), Executive Office (1), Housing (1), Interior Department (1), Justice (1), Law Enforcement (1), Local (1), NNSA (1), OPM (1), Oversight (1), Space Force (1), Strategic Command (1), Transportation Security (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), Waste Management (1)
Direct (230), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)
Direct (165), Veterans (20), Bad Actors (1), Taxpayers (1)
Direct (155), Elections (4), Non-Expansion (3), Education (2), Medicaid Programs (2), Motor Vehicles (2)
Direct (125), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2), Reproductive Health (2), Safety Net Providers (2)

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage
100.0% of votes
Show vote-alignment table
S+ Supported Benefits
S- Supported Burdens
O+ Opposed Benefits
O- Opposed Burdens
Industry S+ S- O+ O- Net
Government (58 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans Affairs (180), Defense (158), DoD (34), VA (23), EPA (22) +53 more
+135
General Public (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (141), Military Families (16), Military (3), Foreign (2), Taxpayers (1)
+230
Defense (14 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more
-14
Military (2 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Families (1), Space Force (1)
-1
Healthcare (8 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (15), Community (3), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Tribal (3), Family Planning Services (2) +3 more
+97
Education (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)
+2
Construction (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
+83
Taxpayers - - -18
Agriculture (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1)
+12
Manufacturing (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (7), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)
+15
Transportation +9
Immigration - - +107
Financial Services (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7), HSA Administration (2), Transgender Individuals (1)
-13
State & Local Government (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (4), Non-Expansion (3)
- +9
Energy (1 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Distributed Generation (1)
-20

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

s1924-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To protect human rights and enhance opportunities for LGBTQI people around the world, and for other purposes.

11 clauses Jun 12, 2023
Nonprofit Organizations Foreign Political Actors Foreign Governments Federal Government Agencies

s1881-118

Cosponsor Reported

To reauthorize and amend the Nicaraguan Investment Conditionality Act of 2018 and the Reinforcing Nicaragua’s Adherence to Conditions for Electoral Reform Act of 2021, and for other purposes.

26 clauses Jun 8, 2023
Financial Services Federal Administration Defense Contractors Mining

s1677-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To secure the Federal voting rights of persons when released from incarceration.

5 clauses May 18, 2023
Immigration Services Transportation Environmental Services

s1664-118

Cosponsor Reported

To allow Americans to earn paid sick time so that they can address their own health needs and the health needs of their families.

19 clauses May 17, 2023
Federal Administration Retail General Workforce Health Care Providers

s1619-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To require the Secretary of Defense to develop a strategy to counter fentanyl trafficking in the United States, and for other purposes.

4 clauses May 16, 2023
Health Care Providers Federal Administration Defense Contractors

s1606-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To end preventable maternal mortality, severe maternal morbidity, and maternal health disparities in the United States, and for other purposes.

45 clauses May 15, 2023
Environmental Groups Healthcare Consumers Education Agriculture

s1581-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To remove college cost as a barrier to every student having access to a well-prepared and diverse educator workforce, and for other purposes.

2 clauses May 11, 2023
Environmental Groups Disaster Relief And Emergency Management Education Federal Government

s1527-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend title 10, United States Code, to ensure that members of the Armed Forces and their families have access to the contraception they need in order to promote the health and readiness of all members of the Armed Forces, and for other purposes.

5 clauses May 10, 2023
Environmental Groups Healthcare Consumers Education National Security

s1542-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To improve services provided by pharmacy benefit managers.

4 clauses May 10, 2023
Business Healthcare Consumers Federal Government Homeowners

s1457-118

Cosponsor Reported

To authorize negotiation and conclusion and to provide for congressional consideration of a tax agreement between the American Institute in Taiwan (AIT) and the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office (TECRO).

13 clauses May 4, 2023
Financial Services Federal Administration Foreign Governments General Business

s1441-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To establish a Center for Biomedical Innovation and Development in order to accelerate innovation and development of advanced medical countermeasure products.

2 clauses May 4, 2023
Healthcare Consumers Education Federal Government Lobbying

sres191-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Recognizing widening threats to freedom of the press and free expression around the world, reaffirming the vital role that a free and independent press plays in combating the growing threats of authoritarianism, misinformation, and disinformation, and reaffirming freedom of the press as a priority of the United States Government in promoting democracy, human rights, and good governance in commemoration of World Press Freedom Day on May 3, 2023.

1 clause May 3, 2023
Healthcare Consumers Foreign Affairs Federal Government Homeowners

s1409-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To protect the safety of children on the internet.

28 clauses May 2, 2023
Healthcare Consumers Consumers Scientific Research Federal Government

s1376-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend title 9 of the United States Code with respect to arbitration.

3 clauses Apr 27, 2023
Healthcare Consumers Education Veterans Federal Government

s1374-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To prohibit group health plans and health insurance issuers from entering into contracts that would prevent or restrict patient access to drug pricing information otherwise available through consumer decision-support tools.

4 clauses Apr 27, 2023
Healthcare Consumers Federal Government Consumers

s1375-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend title XXVII of the Public Health Service Act to apply additional payments, discounts, and other financial assistance towards the cost-sharing requirements of health insurance plans, and for other purposes.

1 clause Apr 27, 2023
Financial Services Healthcare Consumers Federal Government Consumers

s1354-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To increase the quality and supply of child care and lower child care costs for families.

28 clauses Apr 27, 2023
Education Regulated Industries Federal Government Native American Tribes

s1383-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To regulate firearm silencers and firearm mufflers.

2 clauses Apr 27, 2023
Transportation Environmental Groups Energy Production Education

s1349-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To establish a postsecondary student data system.

3 clauses Apr 27, 2023
Environmental Groups Education Veterans Federal Government

sres175-118

Cosponsor

Recognizing the importance of the 70th anniversary of the signing of the Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States and the Republic of Korea on October 1, 1953.

1 clause Apr 26, 2023
Foreign Businesses Energy Production Consumers Federal Government

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Click an industry from the Impact Profile to view supporting clauses

Policy Mechanisms Used

Industry Focus Distribution