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Tom Cotton

Tom Cotton

R AR · Senate

2025–Present Senate
2023–2025 Senate
2021–2023 Senate
2019–2021 Senate
2017–2019 Senate
2015–2017 Senate
2013–2015 House Of Representatives (District 4)
Vote Date:
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Vote dates filter recorded votes and vote-linked bills; sponsorship remains included.

Policy Effects

Estimated effects on people, organizations, and industries in bills this legislator sponsored, cosponsored, or voted on. Includes bills they voted against.

These are assessments of legislative text, not measurements of realized outcomes or the legislator’s intent.

Explore policy areas

Start with a policy area to see the specific groups affected.

What the effects and counts mean

Potential benefits are effects assessed as favorable to the named group. Potential burdens impose costs, restrictions, risks, or lost opportunities on that group.

Mixed effects contain countervailing effects on the same group. Unclear effects have an undetermined direction. A group can have separate benefits and burdens; these are counted separately.

Counts describe the number of identified effects, not their size or public value. Bill and clause counts are distinct within each view. Shared evidence may appear under several groups or policy areas, so their counts should not be added together.

Historical bill versions are included. Clauses analyzed in different versions count separately. A bill’s current status does not establish that every analyzed provision was enacted.

Only direct effects with high or medium confidence in the policy-area assignment are included. Bills are connected through sponsorship, cosponsorship, or Yea/Nay votes; a vote against a bill does not reverse its assessed effects. Vote dates filter recorded votes and vote-linked bills; sponsorship remains included.

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

All Industries Academic Institutions Affected Communities Agricultural Industry Agricultural Marketing Service Agricultural Producers Agriculture Air Force Global Strike Command Air Transport Airport Authorities Airport Grants Airport Infrastructure Airport Operators Alcohol Beverage Industry All Businesses All Industries Allied Nations Alternative Fuel Industry Ambulatory Health Care Services AmeriCorps Amphibious Vessel Industry Animal And Plant Health Inspection Service Animal Welfare Organizations Appraisal Industry Architect Of The Capitol Architecture & Engineering Army Corps Of Engineers Army Leadership Arts And Cultural Institutions Asian Development Fund Automotive Beverages Biofuels Bond Markets Bureau Of Reclamation Business Associations Business Entities Business Owners And Operators COPS Grants Cannabis Capitol Police Force Capitol Tours Carbon Sequestration Industry Charitable Contributors Child Safety Children Chinese Companies Chinese Entities Civic & Social Organizations Civic Organizations Civil Liberties Civil Rights & Liberties Civil Society Civil Society Organizations Civilian Mariners Clean Hydrogen Production Climate Tech Cloud Services Coast Guard Coast Guard Facilities Coast Guard Firefighting Services Coast Guard Leadership Coast Guard Legal Professionals Coast Guard Medical Personnel Coast Guard Members Coast Guard Personnel Coastal Communities Coastal Restoration College Students Commercial Air Transport Commercial Space Industry Commercial Space Industry Experts Community Anti-Drug Organizations Community Development Community Development Finance Community Development Investing Community Development Organizations Community Health Centers Community Organizations Commuters Compliance Services Congress Congressional Budget Office Congressional Committees Congressional Families Congressional Offices Congressional Security Congressional Staff Congressionally Directed Spending Construction Consumer Goods Consumers Convention & Trade Show Organizers Corporate Debtors Corporate Sector Correctional Facilities Corrections Corrections & Detention Credit Intermediation Credit Intermediation And Related Activities Credit Reporting Creditors Criminal Defendants Criminal Enterprise Criminal Offenders Critical Infrastructure Cryptocurrency Cuban Americans And Their Families Cuban Americans Eligible For Claims Cultural Institutions Custodial Services Custody Services Custom Computer Programming Services Cyber Threat Actors Cycling Industry Data Processing Data Processing & Hosting Defense Denied Enlistees Department Of Health And Human Services Department Of Homeland Security Department Of State Department Of The Interior Detention Facilities Development Finance Institutions Digital Advertising Digital Asset Exchanges Diplomacy Diplomatic Corps Diplomatic Service Diplomatic Services Disability Support Services Disaster Relief And Emergency Management Disaster Relief Funding Disaster-Affected Regions District Of Columbia Diversified Business Divided Families Document Fraud Domestic Businesses Dredging Industry Drug Enforcement Administration Economic Actors In Western Balkans Economic Development Economic Development Organizations Education Educational Services Election Assistance Commission Election Systems Industry Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) Emergency Funding Emergency Services Emerging Leaders Employment Services Employment Training Energy Environment Estate Planning Events & Tourism Family Health Information Centers Farm Credit Programs Farm Service Agency Federal Administration Federal Appropriations Federal Budget Offices Federal Budget Programs Federal Civil Service Federal Emergency Management Agency Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration Federal Programs Federal Regulation Federal Regulatory Agencies Federal Transit Administration Finance Financial Services Firearm Industry Firearms Firearms Industry Firefighting Services Fish Processing Industry Fisheries Industry Fishing & Forestry Food & Beverage Foreign Adversaries Foreign Affairs Foreign Affairs Programs Foreign Agents Foreign Aid Foreign Allies Foreign Assistance Programs Foreign Businesses Foreign Countries Foreign Entities Foreign Entities Engaged In Prohibited/Notifiable Technologies Foreign Entity Foreign Issuers Foreign Militant Organizations Foreign Organizations Foreign Private Issuers Foreign Renewable Fuel Producers Foreign Terrorist Organizations Foreign Visitors Foster Care Programs Fuel Distribution Companies Future Beneficiaries Gambling And Betting Services Gambling Industries Gambling Industry Participants Gaming General Contractors And Suppliers General Foreign Entities General Industry General Industry In China General Public General Services Administration Global Business Global Fisheries Industry Government Government Contractors Government Employees Governments And Aid Organizations Green Building Services Green Finance HVAC & Air Quality HVAC Industry Health Care Health Care Providers Health Care Services Health Programs Health Resources And Services Administration Healthcare Hemp Industry High-Income Individuals Highway Infrastructure Highway Trust Fund Historical Aircraft Preservation Organizations Homeless Assistance Grants Homeless Service Providers Homeowners Hospice Care Hospitality And Tourism Industry Households Human Resources Human Trafficking Related Entities Humanitarian Aid Organizations Humanitarian Organizations IT Services Identity Theft Victims Ideology/Single-Issue Illegal Activities Illegal Drug Trafficking Illicit Trade Immigrant Communities Immigrant Populations Immigration Indian Health Service Indigenous Affairs Indigenous Communities Individual Contributors Individual Investors Individual Savers Information Security Information Services Infrastructure Management Intellectual Property International Affairs Professionals International Allies Of The U.S. International Business International Commerce International Cooperation Programs International Development International Development Agencies International Development Finance International Development Organizations International Development Professionals International Development Projects International Drug Trafficking International Finance International Fisheries Management International Governments International Organizations International Travelers Investigation & Security Services Investment And Development Companies Investment Fund Management Job Seekers Judicial Branch Judiciary Labor Language Services Large Corporations Law Enforcement Legislation Legislative Bodies Legislative Body Libraries And Archives Loan Guarantees Local Communities Low-Income Households Manufacturing Marine Industry Marine Salvage Industry Media & Entertainment Medical Beneficiaries Medical Professionals Merchant Wholesalers Mergers And Acquisitions Military Mining Minors Motor Vehicle Owners Motor Vehicle Parts Dealers Multi-State Businesses Multifamily Development Multiple Industries Museums Museums And Historical Sites Museums, Historical Sites, And Similar Institutions Music Industry Music Production N/A NATO Allies Nation Nation States National Archives And Records Administration National Health Service Corps National Laboratories National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration National Security Native Hawaiian Enterprises Native Hawaiian Organizations Natural Resource Trustees Naval Operations Naval Ship Maintenance Naval Ship Maintenance Services Naval Support Facilities Naval Surface Vessel Maintenance Industry Naval Vehicles Navy Ship Maintenance Navy Ships Non-DoD Organizations Non-Governmental Organizations Non-compliant Governments Nonprofits Nuclear Energy Numismatic Collectibles Nursing Care Facilities Office Of Justice Programs Office Of Management And Budget Office Of Navajo And Hopi Indian Relocation Office Of The Attending Physician Offices Of Physicians Oil & Gas Oil Refining Opioid Trafficking Organ Transplantation Organized Crime Outdoor Recreation Parents Pass-Through Entities Payment Processing Personal Finance Personal Savings Personal Vehicle Owners Pharmaceuticals Philanthropic Organizations Political Contributors Political Entities Political Leadership Port And Harbor Operations Port And Waterway Management Port Authorities Port Infrastructure Ports Poultry Production Primary Care Services Printing And Related Support Activities Prison Population Private Detention Private Sector Private Sector Investment Professional Development Professional Services Qualified Pass-Through Entities Quality Measurement Real Estate Recent Graduates / Entry-Level Professionals Recreation Refugee Admissions RegTech Regulated Industries Regulatory Agency Religious Organizations Relocation Services Renewable Energy Renewable Fuel Producers Research & Science Residential Residential Homeowners Retail Retirement Savers Rural Communities SSI Beneficiaries Safety Training Seafood Industry Security Forces Security Services Self-Employment Shipbuilding Small Business Social Security Social Services Space Agency Space Industry Space Launch Services Sporting Goods Stores Sports & Recreation State & Local Government State Department Office Of Inspector General State Regulation Student Borrowers Students And Families Sugar Industry Syrian Opposition Groups TANF Tanker Security Program Tanning Services Tax Advisory Tax Preparation Services Tax-Exempt Organizations Taxpayers Technology Telecommunications Telehealth Services Temporary Residents Tenant-Based Rental Assistance Textile Industry Tobacco Products Tourism Tourism & Hospitality Trade Trade Associations Transit Agencies Transnational Organized Crime And Foreign Malign Influence Actors Transportation Travel Industry Travel Services Tribal Nations Trust And Estate Planning Services U.S. Coast Guard U.S. Customs And Border Protection U.S. Department Of State U.S. Department Of The Treasury U.S. Investors U.S. Residents U.S. State Department Leadership Unemployment Trust Fund United States Capitol Police United States Central Command United States Coast Guard United States European Command United States Secret Service Unmanned Aircraft Systems Unmanned Systems Industry Unmanned Systems Operators Urban Development Urban Planning Services Utilities Veterans Veterinary Services Volunteers WIC Waste Management Water Infrastructure Weather & Ocean Services Western Balkans Economy Whistleblowers Wildfire Suppression Wildlife Trafficking Worker Safety Training Youth Programs
Clear

s929-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

GATE Act of 2025

1 clause Mar 11, 2025

s691-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Leveling the Playing Field 2.0 Act

21 clauses Feb 24, 2025
Professional Services Government Manufacturing Financial Services

s554-119

Cosponsor In Committee

United States-Israel Defense Partnership Act of 2025

6 clauses Feb 12, 2025
Defense Education Military Government

sres73-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Authorizing expenditures by the Select Committee on Intelligence.

3 clauses Feb 11, 2025

s5264-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To suspend normal trade relations with the People’s Republic of China and to increase the rates of duty applicable with respect to articles imported from the People's Republic of China, and for other purposes.

8 clauses Sep 25, 2024

s4529-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To permanently establish the E-Verify employment eligibility verification system, to mandate the use of E-Verify by all employers, and for other purposes.

15 clauses Jun 13, 2024

s4287-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To establish a program of workforce development as an alternative to college for all, and for other purposes.

7 clauses May 8, 2024

s4258-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend title 18, United States Code, to punish criminal offenses targeting law enforcement officers, and for other purposes.

2 clauses May 2, 2024

s4090-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To withhold Federal funding from any college or university that employs illegal aliens on campus.

1 clause Apr 9, 2024

s3978-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to prohibit an institution of higher education that employs unauthorized aliens from receiving funds from Federal student assistance or Federal institutional aid and to require institutions of higher education to participate in the E-Verify Program in order to be eligible to participate in any program authorized under title IV of such Act.

4 clauses Mar 19, 2024

s3927-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To provide a civil remedy for individuals harmed by sanctuary jurisdiction policies, and for other purposes.

3 clauses Mar 12, 2024

s3344-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To ensure that organizations with religious or moral convictions are allowed to continue to provide services for children.

7 clauses Nov 27, 2023

s3339-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To prohibit former members of the Armed Forces from accepting employment in positions involving training, consulting, advising, or instructing any government-associated individual or entity from the People’s Republic of China, the Russian Federation, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, the Republic of Cuba, or the Syrian Arab Republic.

2 clauses Nov 15, 2023

s3335-118

Cosponsor Reported

To amend the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 to establish a grant program to help law enforcement agencies with civilian law enforcement tasks, and for other purposes.

8 clauses Nov 15, 2023
Government General Public

s3228-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To prohibit certain members and former members of the Armed Forces from accepting employment with government entities of the People's Republic of China or the Russian Federation.

1 clause Nov 6, 2023

s2824-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To secure the borders of the United States, and for other purposes.

66 clauses Sep 14, 2023

s2785-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To gradually raise the Federal minimum wage, to permanently establish the E-Verify employment eligibility verification system, to mandate the use of E-Verify by all employers, and for other purposes.

18 clauses Sep 13, 2023
Retail Food & Beverage Labor Small Business

s2282-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 to specify requirements concerning the consideration of pecuniary and non-pecuniary factors, and for other purposes.

4 clauses Jul 12, 2023

s1569-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To protect law enforcement officers, and for other purposes.

8 clauses May 11, 2023
Law Enforcement

s1068-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To ensure that State and local law enforcement officers are permitted to cooperate with Federal officials to protect our communities from violent criminals and suspected terrorists who are illegally present in the United States.

3 clauses Mar 30, 2023
Law Enforcement

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Explore affected groups in Policy Effects to view supporting evidence. Existing clause links also open here.