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Tom Cole

Tom Cole

R OK-4 · House

2003–2005 Congress (District 4)
2005–2007 Congress (District 4)
2007–2009 Congress (District 4)
2009–2011 Congress (District 4)
2011–2013 Congress (District 4)
2013–2015 Congress (District 4)
2015–2017 Congress (District 4)
2017–2019 Congress (District 4)
2019–2021 Congress (District 4)
2021–2023 Congress (District 4)
2023–2025 Congress (District 4)
2025–2027 Congress (District 4)
Vote Date:
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Vote dates filter recorded votes and vote-linked bills; sponsorship remains included.

Policy Effects

Estimated effects on people, organizations, and industries in bills this legislator sponsored, cosponsored, or voted on. Includes bills they voted against.

These are assessments of legislative text, not measurements of realized outcomes or the legislator’s intent.

Explore policy areas

Start with a policy area to see the specific groups affected.

What the effects and counts mean

Potential benefits are effects assessed as favorable to the named group. Potential burdens impose costs, restrictions, risks, or lost opportunities on that group.

Mixed effects contain countervailing effects on the same group. Unclear effects have an undetermined direction. A group can have separate benefits and burdens; these are counted separately.

Counts describe the number of identified effects, not their size or public value. Bill and clause counts are distinct within each view. Shared evidence may appear under several groups or policy areas, so their counts should not be added together.

Historical bill versions are included. Clauses analyzed in different versions count separately. A bill’s current status does not establish that every analyzed provision was enacted.

Only direct effects with high or medium confidence in the policy-area assignment are included. Bills are connected through sponsorship, cosponsorship, or Yea/Nay votes; a vote against a bill does not reverse its assessed effects. Vote dates filter recorded votes and vote-linked bills; sponsorship remains included.

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

All Industries 9/11 First Responders 9/11 Health Program Academic Institutions Afghan Resistance Units Agricultural Commodities Agricultural Commodity Trade Agricultural Industry Agricultural Marketing Service Agricultural Producers Agriculture Air Force Global Strike Command Air Traffic Control Airport Authorities Airport Grants Airport Infrastructure Airport Operators Alcohol Beverage Industry All Businesses All Industries Allied Nations Alternative Fuel Industry AmeriCorps Amphibious Vessel Industry Animal And Plant Health Inspection Service Animal Welfare Animal Welfare Organizations Apparel Appropriations Oversight Aquaculture Architect Of The Capitol Architecture & Engineering Arctic Communities Arms Trade Treaty Implementation Army Corps Of Engineers Arts & Culture Arts And Cultural Institutions Asian Development Fund Automotive Behavioral Health Programs Beverages Biofuels Bond Markets Border Crossing Fees Border Migration Forecasting Border Security Procurement Border Vetting Operations Bureau Of Reclamation Business Entities Business Owners And Operators Business Regulation COPS Grants COVID-19 Relief Authorities Cancer Screening Services Cannabis Cannabis Industry Capitol Police Force Capitol Tours Carbon Capture Carbon Sequestration Industry Caregiving Census Charitable Contributors Charitable Organizations Child Welfare Child Welfare Services Children In Welfare System Chinese Companies Chinese Entities Civic & Social Organizations Civic Organizations Civil Liberties Civil Rights Advocacy Clean Hydrogen Production Climate Tech Cloud Computing Services Cloud Services Coast Guard Coast Guard Capital Planning Coast Guard Facilities Coast Guard Firefighting Services Coast Guard Leadership Coast Guard Legal Professionals Coast Guard Medical Personnel Coast Guard Members Coast Guard Mission Support Coast Guard Organizational Planning Coast Guard Personnel Coastal Communities Coastal Restoration Collectibles College Students Commercial Air Transport Commercial Space Industry Commodities Communications Equipment And Services Industry Community Development Community Development Finance Community Development Investing Community Health Centers Community Organizations Commuters Computer And Electronic Products Computer Hardware Computer Services Computers Congress Congressional Budget Office Congressional Committees Congressional Families Congressional Offices Congressional Oversight Access Congressional Representatives Congressional Security Congressional Staff Congressionally Directed Spending Construction Consumer Goods Consumers Convention & Trade Show Organizers Corporate Debtors Correctional Institutions Corrections Counties In North Carolina Courts Courts And Judicial Services Credit Intermediation Credit Intermediation And Related Activities Creditors Criminal Defendants Criminal Offenders Criminal Organizations Crisis Services Critical Infrastructure Cryptocurrency Cuban Americans And Their Families Cultural Institutions Custodial Services Custody Services Customs User Fees Cyber Forensics Training Cycling Industry DHS Budget Priorities DHS Departmental Oversight DHS Executive Management DHS User-Fee Budget Oversight DME Suppliers Defense Demographic Denied Enlistees Dentistry Department Of Health And Human Services Department Of Homeland Security Department Of Justice Department Of State Department Of The Interior Detention Services Detention Transfer Restrictions Development Finance Institutions Diagnostic Testing Dialysis Services Digital Art/Collectibles Digital Asset Custody Services Digital Asset Exchanges Diplomatic Corps Diplomatic Relations Diplomatic Service Diplomatic Services Direct Sales Disability Employment Services Disability Support Services Disaster Mitigation Funding Disaster Relief Administration Disaster Relief And Emergency Management Disaster Relief Funding Disaster Relief Oversight Disaster-Affected Regions District Of Columbia Divided Families DoD Border Support Oversight Domestic Businesses Domestic Procurement Dredging Industry Drug Enforcement Administration Drug Testing Products E-learning Services Economic Actors In Western Balkans Economic Development Economic Development Organizations Education Educational Services Election Assistance Commission Electric Power Transmission Electronic Equipment Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) Electronics Emergency Communications Infrastructure Emergency Funding Emergency Management Emergency Management Grants Emergency Management Services Emergency Management Staffing Emergency Services Emerging Leaders Employee Benefits Administration Employment Services Employment Services Providers Employment Training Energy Environment Estate Planning Event Security Reimbursements Events & Tourism Families In Child Welfare System Family Caregivers Family Health Information Centers Family Health Information Services Family Planning Services Farm Credit Programs Farm Service Agency Federal Administration Federal Appropriations Federal Budget Offices Federal Budget Programs Federal Civil Service Federal Continuing Appropriations Federal Contracting Federal Emergency Management Agency Federal Employee Benefits Federal Employment Eligibility Federal Executive Agencies Federal Export Control Administration Federal Health Agencies Federal IT Compliance Federal IT Modernization Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration Federal Programs Federal Regulation Federal Regulatory Agencies Federal Transit Administration Federal Travel Federal Wildlife Agencies Finance Financial Regulation Financial Services Fire Departments And Emergency Services Fire Protection Fire Protection Services Fire Safety Equipment Industry Firearms Firearms Collectors/Dealers Firearms Industry Firefighter Assistance Grants Firefighting Services Fish Processing Industry Fisheries Fisheries Industry Fishing & Forestry Flood Risk Mapping Food & Beverage Foreign Affairs Foreign Affairs Programs Foreign Aid Foreign Assistance Programs Foreign Businesses Foreign Countries Foreign Entities Foreign Entities Engaged In Prohibited/Notifiable Technologies Foreign Investment Foreign Issuers Foreign Organizations Foreign Political Organizations Foreign Political Party Foreign Private Issuers Foreign Renewable Fuel Producers Foreign Satellite Operators Foreign Terrorist Organizations Foreign Visitors Forest Products Foster Care Foster Care Programs Foster Children Fuel Distribution Companies Future Beneficiaries Gambling And Betting Services Gambling Industry Participants Gaming General Contractors And Suppliers General Foreign Entities General Industry General Public General Services Administration Goods Importing Government Government Contractors Government Employees Governments And Aid Organizations Green Building Services Green Finance Gun Rights HVAC & Air Quality HVAC Industry Health Care Health Care Providers Health Care Services Health IT Health Programs Health Resources And Services Administration Healthcare Hemp Industry High-Income Individuals Highway Infrastructure Highway Trust Fund Historical Aircraft Preservation Organizations Home Improvement Services Homeland Security Acquisition Homeland Security Administration Homeland Security Appropriations Homeland Security Budget Transfers Homeland Security General Provisions Homeland Security Operations Homeland Security Oversight Homeland Security Procurement Homeland Security Program Management Homeland Security Shared Services Homeless Assistance Grants Homeowners Hospice Care Hospital Systems Hospitality Households Humanitarian Assistance Humanitarian Organizations ICE Spending Oversight IT Services Identity Verification Services Illegal Activities Illegal Drug Trafficking Immigrant Communities Immigration Indian Health Service Indigenous Affairs Indigenous Communities Individual Contributors Individual Investors Individual Savers Information Services International Affairs Professionals International Allies International Allies Of The U.S. International Allies Of The United States International Business International Cooperation Programs International Development International Development Finance International Development Organizations International Development Professionals International Development Projects International Drug Trafficking International Financial Institution International Governments International Organizations International Travelers Investigation & Security Services Investment Advice Investment And Development Companies Investment Firms Investment Fund Management Job Seekers Judicial Branch Judiciary Justice-Involved Families Juvenile Justice Kinship Caregivers Labor Laboratory Services Large Corporations Law Enforcement Legislative Administration Legislative Bodies Legislative Body Libraries And Archives Loan Guarantees Lobbying Local Communities Low-Income Households Manufacturing Marine Industry Marine Salvage Industry Media & Entertainment Medical Beneficiaries Medical Diagnostics Medical Facilities Medical Laboratories Medical Marijuana Patients Medical Professionals Merchant Wholesalers Mergers And Acquisitions Military Mining Motor Vehicle Owners Moving Services Multi-State Businesses Multifamily Development Museums Museums And Historical Sites Music Music Industry Music Production NATO Allies Nation Nation States National Archives And Records Administration National Guard National Health Service Corps National Laboratories National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration National Security Native Hawaiian Enterprises Native Hawaiian Organizations Natural Resource Trustees Naval Operations Naval Ship Maintenance Services Naval Support Facilities Naval Surface Vessel Maintenance Industry Naval Vehicles Naval Vessels Navy Ship Maintenance Navy Ship Maintenance Services Navy Ships Non-DoD Organizations Non-Profit Institutions Nonprofit Health Organizations Nonprofit Services Nonprofits Nuclear Energy Numismatics Nursing & Residential Care Nursing Care Facilities Office Of Justice Programs Office Of Management And Budget Office Of Navajo And Hopi Indian Relocation Office Of The Attending Physician Offices Of Physicians Oil & Gas Oil Refining Oil Trading Opioid Trafficking Organ Donors Organ Procurement Organ Transplantation Organized Crime Outdoor Recreation Outpatient Mental Health Centers Parents Pass-Through Entities Payment Processing Personal Finance Personal Savings Personal Vehicle Owners Pharmaceutical Disposal Products Pharmaceutical Distribution Pharmaceuticals Pharmacy Pharmacy Benefit Management Philanthropic Organizations Physicians And Surgeons Physicians Offices Political Contributors Political Leadership Political Organizations Port And Harbor Operations Port Authorities Port Infrastructure Poultry Production Prescription Drug Access Primary Care Services Printing And Related Support Activities Prison Population Prisons Private Detention Private Sector Professional Associations Professional Development Professional Services Professional, Scientific, And Technical Services Property Owners Protective Services Protective Services Funding Protective Services Oversight Publicly Traded Companies Qualified Pass-Through Entities Quality Measurement Real Estate Recent Graduates / Entry-Level Professionals Recovery Services Recreation Refugee Admissions RegTech Regulated Industries Regulatory Agency Religious Institutions Religious Organizations Relocation Services Renewable Energy Renewable Fuel Producers Research & Science Residential Residential Care Facilities Residential Communities Residential Homeowners Residential Treatment Facilities Restricted Federal Vendors Retail Retirement Savers Retirement Services Rural Communities SSI Beneficiaries Safety Training Satellite Communications Sea Transport Seafood Industry Security Services Self-Employment Senior Services Shipbuilding Small Business Social Security Social Services Social Work Space Agency Space Industry Space Launch Services Sports & Recreation State & Local Government State And Local Aging Services State Department Office Of Inspector General State Regulation Student Borrowers Students And Families Substance Abuse Prevention Substance Abuse Treatment Substance Abuse Treatment Centers Substance Use Disorder Treatment Substance Use Treatment Substance Users Sugar Industry Syrian Opposition Syrian Opposition Groups TANF TRICARE Beneficiaries TV/Movies/Music Tanker Security Program Tanning Services Tax Advisory Tax Preparation Services Tax-Exempt Organizations Taxation Taxpayers Technology Telecommunications Temporary Residents Tenant-Based Rental Assistance Territorial Customs Operations Terrorist Organizations Textile Industry Ticket Resale Tobacco Tobacco Industry Tobacco Products Tourism Tourism & Hospitality Trade Trade Associations Transit Agencies Transnational Criminal Organizations Transportation Travel And Tourism Travel Industry Travel Services Treasury Forfeiture Fund Oversight Tribal Nations Trust And Estate Planning Services U.S. Coast Guard U.S. Customs And Border Protection U.S. Department Of State U.S. Residents U.S. State Department Leadership Unemployment Trust Fund United States Capitol Police United States Central Command United States Coast Guard United States European Command United States Secret Service Unmanned Aircraft Systems Unmanned Ground Vehicle Systems Industry Urban Planning Services Utilities Vector Control Programs Venture Capital Veterans Victim Services WIC Waste Management Waste Management & Recycling Waste Management & Remediation Water Infrastructure Weather & Ocean Services Whistleblowers Wildfire Suppression Wildlife Wildlife Trafficking Youth Prevention Services Youth Programs
Clear

hr7744-119

Primary Sponsor Passed House

Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2026

162 clauses Mar 2, 2026
Detention Services Government Transportation Electronic Equipment

hr7230-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Buying American Cotton Act of 2026

2 clauses Jan 22, 2026
Retail Government Taxpayers Manufacturing

hr7148-119

Primary Sponsor Signed into Law

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026

2476 clauses Jan 20, 2026

hr7147-119

Primary Sponsor Signed into Law

Homeland Security and Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2026.

604 clauses Jan 20, 2026
Homeland Security Acquisition DHS Departmental Oversight Treasury Forfeiture Fund Oversight Appropriations Oversight

hr7006-119

Primary Sponsor Passed House

Financial Services and General Government and National Security, Department of State, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2026

422 clauses Jan 12, 2026
Construction Alcohol Beverage Industry Government Finance

hr6938-119

Primary Sponsor Signed into Law

Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026

155 clauses Jan 6, 2026
Nonprofits Environment Defense Government

hr6874-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Roadway Safety Modernization Act of 2025

1 clause Dec 18, 2025
Technology State & Local Government Government Transportation

hr5371-119

Primary Sponsor Voted Nay Signed into Law

Continuing Appropriations, Agriculture, Legislative Branch, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Extensions Act, 2026

1247 clauses Sep 16, 2025
Government Contractors Environment Government Disaster-Affected Regions

hr4669-119

Cosponsor Reported

FEMA Act of 2025

71 clauses Jul 23, 2025
Construction State & Local Government Government Financial Services

hr4032-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Lowering Broadband Costs for Consumers Act of 2025

1 clause Jun 17, 2025
Consumers Government Technology Telecommunications

hr4-119

Cosponsor Voted Nay Signed into Law

Rescissions Act of 2025

8 clauses Jun 6, 2025
Research & Science Foreign Entities Food & Beverage International Development Organizations

hr3773-119

Cosponsor In Committee

PROTECT Act of 2025

2 clauses Jun 5, 2025
Technology Professional Services Law Enforcement Government

hr1968-119

Primary Sponsor Signed into Law

Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025

82 clauses Mar 10, 2025
Federal Appropriations National Security Federal Budget Offices Foreign Affairs Programs

hr1262-119

Cosponsor Passed House

Mikaela Naylon Give Kids a Chance Act

54 clauses Feb 12, 2025
Technology Foreign Entities Government Healthcare

hr10515-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025, and for other purposes.

32 clauses Dec 19, 2024

hr10445-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025, and for other purposes.

339 clauses Dec 17, 2024
Apparel Government Manufacturing Agriculture

hr9747-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

Making continuing appropriations and extensions for fiscal year 2025, and for other purposes.

122 clauses Sep 23, 2024
Nonprofits Government Health Care Providers Transportation

hr2864-118

Cosponsor Reported

To amend the Secure and Trusted Communications Networks Act of 2019 to provide for the addition of certain equipment and services produced or provided by DJI Technologies to the list of covered communications equipment or services published under such Act, and for other purposes.

5 clauses Sep 10, 2024

hr5403-118

Cosponsor Reported

To amend the Federal Reserve Act to prohibit the Federal reserve banks from offering certain products or services directly to an individual, to prohibit the use of central bank digital currency for monetary policy, and for other purposes.

24 clauses Jun 3, 2024
Technology Professional Services Government Financial Services

hr4820-118

Primary Sponsor Reported

Making appropriations for the Departments of Transportation, and Housing and Urban Development, and related agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes.

129 clauses Jul 24, 2023
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Explore affected groups in Policy Effects to view supporting evidence. Existing clause links also open here.