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Rand Paul

Rand Paul

R KY · Senate

2025–Present Senate
2023–2025 Senate
2021–2023 Senate
2019–2021 Senate
2017–2019 Senate
2015–2017 Senate
2013–2015 Senate
2011–2013 Senate
Vote Date:
to

Defense

-75
Helped 698 Hurt 773 Unclear 458

Healthcare

+29
Helped 245 Hurt 216 Unclear 114

Agriculture

+110
Helped 270 Hurt 160 Unclear 80

Energy

-36
Helped 208 Hurt 244 Unclear 58

Finance

-21
Helped 218 Hurt 239 Mixed 1 Unclear 45

Veterans Affairs

+149
Helped 272 Hurt 123 Unclear 76

Education

-12
Helped 123 Hurt 135 Unclear 61

Federal Budget

+166
Helped 210 Hurt 44 Unclear 36

Trade

+18
Helped 134 Hurt 116 Unclear 15

Transportation

-60
Helped 57 Hurt 117 Unclear 27

Housing

+64
Helped 125 Hurt 61 Unclear 10

Immigration

-121
Helped 23 Hurt 144 Unclear 20

Technology

+13
Helped 80 Hurt 67 Unclear 13

Intelligence

-22
Helped 40 Hurt 62 Unclear 24

Criminal Justice

+20
Helped 65 Hurt 45 Unclear 12

Environment

-56
Helped 31 Hurt 87

Foreign Policy

+3
Helped 52 Hurt 49 Unclear 15

Labor

-5
Helped 40 Hurt 45 Unclear 29

Foreign Affairs

-4
Helped 40 Hurt 44 Unclear 28

Science & Space

+9
Helped 53 Hurt 44 Unclear 12
20 policy domains
Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

9308 industry impacts

All entities →
How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Direct (1261), Veterans Affairs (80), Defense (59), DoD (33), VA (19), Executive (16), USDA (16), Legislative (13), Congress (12), Treasury (12), Agriculture (11), CMS (9), State (8), NPS (7), DOJ (4), Education (4), ICE (4), Judiciary (4), Justice (4), Oversight (4), DHS (3), Transportation (3), FDA (2), FEMA (2), Foreign Affairs (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Local (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), Cemeteries (1), Defense R&D (1), HHS (1), Intelligence (1), Judicial (1), Manufacturing (1), Waste Management (1)
Direct (243), Veterans (88), Military Families (10), Foreign (2), Military (2)
Direct (204), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)
Direct (160), Research (9), Community (2), Tribal (2)
Direct (140), Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2)
Direct (137), Child Care (2), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)
Direct (127), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)

Negative-Effect Industries

Direct (790), Veterans Affairs (50), Defense (47), EPA (22), NPS (11), FDA (9), Education (8), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), HHS (7), CFPB (4), Foreign (4), Judiciary (4), Treasury/IRS (4), VA (4), DHS (3), Executive (3), NOAA (3), NOAA/EPA (3), SEC (3), Acquisition (2), Congress (2), DOJ (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Intelligence (2), Legislative (2), Military (2), Coast Guard (1), DoD (1), Energy/Defense (1), Executive Agencies (1), Housing (1), Interior Department (1), NNSA (1), Research Funding (1), Space Force (1), Strategic Command (1), Treasury (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), USDA (1)
Direct (117), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)
Direct (87), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2), Reproductive Health (2), Safety Net Providers (2)
Direct (60), Foreign (6), Electrical Equipment (1), Foreign Adversary (1)

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage
83.3% of votes
Show vote-alignment table
S+ Supported Benefits
S- Supported Burdens
O+ Opposed Benefits
O- Opposed Burdens
Industry S+ S- O+ O- Net
Government (58 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans Affairs (130), Defense (105), DoD (34), VA (23), EPA (22) +53 more
-715
General Public (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (100), Military Families (10), Foreign (2), Military (2), Taxpayers (1)
-194
Military (2 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Families (1), Space Force (1)
- -95
Defense (14 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more
-77
Healthcare (8 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (9), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Community (2), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2) +3 more
- -72
Education (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (2), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)
-51
Taxpayers - - -34
Agriculture (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1)
- - -131
Construction (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
- -98
Immigration - - +107
Manufacturing (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (6), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)
-3
Transportation - +19
Financial Services (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7), HSA Administration (2), Transgender Individuals (1)
- - -33
State & Local Government (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (4), Non-Expansion (3)
- - -22
Energy (1 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Distributed Generation (1)
- - -27

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

s532-118

Primary Sponsor

To preserve and protect the free choice of individual employees to form, join, or assist labor organizations, or to refrain from such activities.

1 clause

sjres108-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed foreign military sales to the Government of Ukraine of certain defense articles and services.

0 clauses Feb 12, 2026

s3853-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

End the Vaccine Carveout Act

0 clauses Feb 11, 2026

sjres104-119

Cosponsor In Committee

A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress.

0 clauses Jan 29, 2026

s3752-119

Cosponsor In Committee

SAVE America Act

0 clauses Jan 29, 2026

s3713-119

Cosponsor In Committee

No Climate Treaties Act of 2026

0 clauses Jan 28, 2026

sres585-119

Cosponsor Introduced

A resolution honoring the life, achievements, and legacy of Ben Nighthorse Campbell.

0 clauses Jan 15, 2026

s3686-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Hemp Planting Predictability Act

0 clauses Jan 15, 2026

s3670-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

End Welfare for Noncitizens Act

0 clauses Jan 15, 2026

s3638-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Antitrust Freedom Act of 2026

0 clauses Jan 14, 2026

sjres101-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed foreign military sales to Taiwan of certain defense articles and services.

0 clauses Jan 5, 2026

s3440-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Temporary Family Visitation Act

1 clause Dec 11, 2025

s3414-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Justice for Breonna Taylor Act

1 clause Dec 10, 2025

s3362-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Health Marketplace and Savings Accounts for All Act

11 clauses Dec 4, 2025

s3346-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Freedom to Heal Act of 2025

1 clause Dec 4, 2025

sjres98-119

Cosponsor In Committee

A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against Venezuela that have not been authorized by Congress.

0 clauses Dec 3, 2025

s3248-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Health Savings Accounts For All Act of 2025

8 clauses Nov 20, 2025
Direct Health & Medical Insurance Carriers Households Federal Government Depository Credit Intermediation

s3218-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Gold Reserve Transparency Act of 2025

2 clauses Nov 19, 2025

s3168-119

Cosponsor Introduced

Shutdown Fairness Act

1 clause Nov 9, 2025

s3072-119

Cosponsor Introduced

To prohibit the imposition of additional tariffs on coffee imported from countries to which the United States has extended normal trade relations, and for other purposes.

2 clauses Oct 29, 2025
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Policy Mechanisms Used

Industry Focus Distribution