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Tim Kaine

Tim Kaine

D VA · Senate

2025–Present Senate
2023–2025 Senate
2021–2023 Senate
2019–2021 Senate
2017–2019 Senate
2015–2017 Senate
2013–2015 Senate
Vote Date:
to

Defense

-43
Helped 917 Hurt 960 Unclear 669

Healthcare

+160
Helped 583 Hurt 423 Unclear 683

Finance

+37
Helped 457 Hurt 420 Mixed 3 Unclear 192

Education

-55
Helped 285 Hurt 340 Unclear 321

Government Operations

-51
Helped 75 Hurt 126 Unclear 742

Energy

-110
Helped 253 Hurt 363 Unclear 122

Agriculture

+124
Helped 327 Hurt 203 Unclear 110

Transportation

-234
Helped 109 Hurt 343 Unclear 188

Veterans Affairs

+183
Helped 348 Hurt 165 Unclear 86

Foreign Policy

-60
Helped 229 Hurt 289 Mixed 1 Unclear 77

Environment

-3
Helped 177 Hurt 180 Unclear 197

Sanctions

-57
Helped 218 Hurt 275 Unclear 18

Labor

+43
Helped 178 Hurt 135 Unclear 177

Technology

+32
Helped 215 Hurt 183 Unclear 53

Foreign Affairs

-31
Helped 172 Hurt 203 Unclear 69

Trade

+13
Helped 179 Hurt 166 Unclear 36

Housing

+99
Helped 223 Hurt 124 Unclear 15

Criminal Justice

+3
Helped 170 Hurt 167 Unclear 23

Appropriations

+93
Helped 204 Hurt 111 Unclear 17

Federal Budget

+162
Helped 207 Hurt 45 Unclear 36
20 policy domains
Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

16125 industry impacts

All entities →
How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Direct (1717), Veterans Affairs (114), Defense (94), DoD (33), VA (19), USDA (18), Executive (16), Congress (14), Legislative (14), State (14), Treasury (12), Agriculture (11), CMS (9), Justice (8), Transportation (8), Education (7), NPS (7), Transportation Security (7), Oversight (6), DOJ (4), Foreign Affairs (4), ICE (4), Judiciary (4), State/Local (4), DHS (3), Legislative Branch (3), Cemeteries (2), FDA (2), FEMA (2), FTC (2), Federal (2), Homeland Security (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Law Enforcement (2), Local (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), State Department (2), DOI (1), Defense R&D (1), Election Workers (1), Employees (1), HHS (1), Intelligence (1), Judicial (1), Local Election Administration (1), Manufacturing (1)
Direct (479), Veterans (121), Military Families (16), Minority Voters (5), Voters (4), Military (3), District Of Columbia (2), Foreign (2), Native American Voters (2), Capital District (1), Language Minority Voters (1), Students (1)
Direct (312), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)
Direct (255), Patients (15), Research (15), Community (3), Tribal (3)
Direct (261), Child Care (3), HBCUs (1), HSIs (1), Immigrant Students (1), MSIs (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1), Tribal (1), Tribal/Native (1)
Direct (176), Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2)
Direct (157), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
Direct (149), Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (2), Education (1), Elections (1)

Negative-Effect Industries

Direct (1963), Defense (76), Veterans Affairs (66), EPA (22), State (17), Federal (12), HHS (12), State/Local (12), Education (11), NPS (11), FDA (10), Transportation (8), VA (8), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), Homeland Security (6), DOI (5), Foreign (5), CFPB (4), Foreign Affairs (4), Intelligence (4), Treasury (4), Treasury/IRS (4), DHS (3), Executive (3), General (3), Legislative (3), NOAA (3), NOAA/EPA (3), SEC (3), ATF (2), Acquisition (2), Congress (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Executive Branch (2), Local Election Administration (2), Military (2), State Election Administration (2), State Legislatures (2), State/Local Election Administration (2), USDA (2), Coast Guard (1), DoD (1), Energy/Defense (1), Executive Office (1), Housing (1), Interior Department (1), Justice (1), Law Enforcement (1), Local (1), NNSA (1), OPM (1), Oversight (1), Space Force (1), Strategic Command (1), Transportation Security (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), Waste Management (1)
Direct (230), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)
Direct (165), Veterans (20), Bad Actors (1), Taxpayers (1)
Direct (155), Elections (4), Non-Expansion (3), Education (2), Medicaid Programs (2), Motor Vehicles (2)
Direct (125), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2), Reproductive Health (2), Safety Net Providers (2)

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage
100.0% of votes
Show vote-alignment table
S+ Supported Benefits
S- Supported Burdens
O+ Opposed Benefits
O- Opposed Burdens
Industry S+ S- O+ O- Net
Government (58 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans Affairs (180), Defense (158), DoD (34), VA (23), EPA (22) +53 more
+135
General Public (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (141), Military Families (16), Military (3), Foreign (2), Taxpayers (1)
+230
Defense (14 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more
-14
Military (2 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Families (1), Space Force (1)
-1
Healthcare (8 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (15), Community (3), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Tribal (3), Family Planning Services (2) +3 more
+97
Education (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)
+2
Construction (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
+83
Taxpayers - - -18
Agriculture (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1)
+12
Manufacturing (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (7), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)
+15
Transportation +9
Immigration - - +107
Financial Services (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7), HSA Administration (2), Transgender Individuals (1)
-13
State & Local Government (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (4), Non-Expansion (3)
- +9
Energy (1 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Distributed Generation (1)
-20

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

s2789-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To direct the President to designate a month as African Diaspora Heritage Month.

3 clauses Sep 13, 2023
Education

sres335-118

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Designating September 23, 2023, through October 1, 2023, as Blue Star Welcome Week.

0 clauses Sep 12, 2023

s2729-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To provide for a period of continuing appropriations in the event of a lapse in appropriations under the normal appropriations process, and to prohibit consideration of other matters in the Senate if appropriations are not enacted.

2 clauses Sep 6, 2023
Defense Contractors

s2733-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To address the behavioral health workforce shortages through support for peer support specialists, and for other purposes.

5 clauses Sep 6, 2023
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s2630-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To establish the Shenandoah Mountain National Scenic Area in the State of Virginia, and for other purposes.

3 clauses Jul 27, 2023
Federal Administration Energy Production Environmental Services

s2560-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To address and support research on Long COVID.

3 clauses Jul 27, 2023
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s2547-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Natural Gas Act to bolster fairness and transparency in the consideration of interstate natural gas pipeline permits, to provide for greater public input opportunities in the natural gas pipeline permitting process, and for other purposes.

6 clauses Jul 26, 2023
Energy Production

s2517-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 to allow for periodic automatic reenrollment under qualified automatic contribution arrangements, and for other purposes.

1 clause Jul 26, 2023
Labor

s2369-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to provide for teacher and school leader quality enhancement and to enhance institutional aid.

12 clauses Jul 19, 2023
Educational Services Higher Education Elementary and Secondary Education Federal Government - Education

s2065-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To authorize a study on educator workforce data to advance teaching and learning and a program to support increasing access to well-prepared and diverse educators.

2 clauses Jun 21, 2023
Federal Administration Health Care Providers Education

s1931-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To direct the United States Government to support extending the mandate of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Venezuela until a resolution of the Venezuelan crisis is achieved.

2 clauses Jun 13, 2023
Federal Administration Transportation Defense Contractors

s1624-118

Primary Sponsor Reported

To require certain civil penalties to be transferred to a fund through which amounts are made available for the Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program at the National Institutes of Health, and for other purposes.

15 clauses May 16, 2023
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Colleges and Universities Scientific Research Services Federal Government

s1603-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Public Health Service Act to increase vaccination rates of pregnant and postpartum individuals, and for other purposes.

1 clause May 15, 2023
Lobbying Healthcare Consumers

s1523-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow rehabilitation expenditures for public school buildings to qualify for rehabilitation credit.

1 clause May 10, 2023
Consumers Education Federal Government Environmental Groups

s1298-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To award grants for the creation, recruitment, training and education, retention, and advancement of the direct care workforce and to award grants to support family caregivers.

7 clauses Apr 26, 2023
Native American Tribes Oil & Gas Education Federal Government

s1267-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Fair Housing Act to prohibit discrimination based on source of income, veteran status, or military status.

1 clause Apr 25, 2023
Homeowners Veterans Transportation Federal Government

s964-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Public Health Service Act to improve maternal health and promote safe motherhood.

11 clauses Mar 23, 2023
Native American Tribes Education Federal Government Energy Production

s841-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To authorize the Caribbean Basin Security Initiative, to enhance the United States-Caribbean security partnership, to prioritize natural disaster resilience, and for other purposes.

17 clauses Mar 16, 2023
Consumers Disaster Relief And Emergency Management Education Environmental Groups

s801-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To address research on, and improve access to, supportive services for individuals with Long COVID.

6 clauses Mar 15, 2023
Native American Tribes Environmental Groups Federal Government Veterans

s745-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To designate additions to the Rough Mountain Wilderness and the Rich Hole Wilderness of the George Washington National Forest, and for other purposes.

1 clause Mar 9, 2023
Environmental Groups Water Infrastructure Federal Government Agriculture

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Click an industry from the Impact Profile to view supporting clauses

Policy Mechanisms Used

Industry Focus Distribution