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Mark Kelly

Analysis

D AZ · Senate

2025–Present Senate

2023–2025 Senate

2021–2023 Senate

2020–2021 Senate

Defense

-35

Helped 817 Hurt 852 Unclear 789

Government Operations

-35

Helped 142 Hurt 177 Unclear 1028

Healthcare

+86

Helped 441 Hurt 355 Unclear 390

Environment

+24

Helped 162 Hurt 138 Unclear 758

Finance

-29

Helped 313 Hurt 342 Unclear 200

Energy

+45

Helped 329 Hurt 284 Unclear 216

Education

+22

Helped 224 Hurt 202 Unclear 231

Veterans Affairs

+203

Helped 369 Hurt 166 Unclear 94

Agriculture

+120

Helped 294 Hurt 174 Unclear 105

Technology

-4

Helped 219 Hurt 223 Unclear 61

Transportation

+43

Helped 195 Hurt 152 Unclear 153

Trade

+22

Helped 192 Hurt 170 Unclear 39

Appropriations

+93

Helped 204 Hurt 111 Unclear 17

Housing

+141

Helped 225 Hurt 84 Unclear 18

Criminal Justice

+33

Helped 166 Hurt 133 Unclear 22

Federal Budget

+162

Helped 207 Hurt 45 Unclear 36

Foreign Policy

Helped 115 Hurt 106 Unclear 36

Immigration

-122

Helped 34 Hurt 156 Unclear 64

Labor

Helped 93 Hurt 89 Unclear 70

Elections

-9

Helped 64 Hurt 73 Unclear 12

20 policy domains

Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

13771 industry impacts

All entities →

How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Government 1926 P·59 C·174 Y·1649 N·1402 w:20.5

Direct (1469), Veterans Affairs (115), Defense (93), DoD (33), VA (19), Executive (17), Legislative (16), USDA (16), State (14), Congress (13), Agriculture (11), Treasury (11), CMS (9), Justice (8), NPS (7), Oversight (6), Foreign Affairs (5), DOJ (4), Education (4), ICE (4), Judiciary (4), DHS (3), Transportation (3), Cemeteries (2), Commerce (2), FDA (2), FEMA (2), Federal (2), Homeland Security (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Legislative Branch (2), Local (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), DOD (1), Defense R&D (1), Election Workers (1), HHS (1), Intelligence (1), Interior (1), Judicial (1), Local Election Administration (1), Manufacturing (1), National Security (1), State Department (1), State/Local (1)

General Public 565 P·4 C·200 Y·359 N·351 w:12.5

Direct (405), Veterans (121), Military Families (16), Minority Voters (5), Voters (4), Military (3), Parents (3), Children (2), Foreign (2), Native American Voters (2), Families (1), Language Minority Voters (1)

State & Local Government 255 P·7 C·173 Y·73 N·67 w:11.5

Direct (242), Medicaid (6), Public Safety (3), Medicaid Programs (2), Health (1), Judiciary (1)

Healthcare 242 P·2 C·41 Y·197 N·190 w:4.0

Direct (220), Research (15), Community (3), Tribal (3), Patients (1)

Defense 238 C·14 Y·209 N·123 w:1.0

Direct (225), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)

Military 234 P·1 C·9 Y·224 N·109 w:2.2

Direct (233), Families (1)

Education 216 C·76 Y·143 N·121 w:7.8

Direct (210), Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)

Construction 202 P·7 C·38 Y·156 N·132 w:6.2

Direct (199), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)

Transportation 180 P·75 C·30 Y·68 N·50 w:8.0

Agriculture 172 C·17 Y·155 N·151 w:2.9

Direct (164), Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2)

Negative-Effect Industries

Government 1747 P·53 C·668 Y·955 N·837 w:53.4

Direct (1416), Veterans Affairs (66), Defense (65), EPA (22), State (13), Education (11), Federal (11), NPS (11), State/Local (11), FDA (9), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), HHS (7), Executive (5), Foreign (5), CFPB (4), DHS (4), Treasury/IRS (4), VA (4), Homeland Security (3), Independent Agencies (3), Legislative (3), NOAA (3), NOAA/EPA (3), SEC (3), ATF (2), Acquisition (2), Congress (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Intelligence (2), Justice (2), Local Election Administration (2), Military (2), Regulatory (2), State Election Administration (2), State Legislatures (2), State/Local Election Administration (2), Coast Guard (1), DoD (1), Energy/Defense (1), Housing (1), Interior (1), Interior Department (1), Judiciary (1), Local (1), NNSA (1), Oversight (1), Space Force (1), Strategic Command (1), Treasury (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), USDA (1), Waste Management (1)

General Public 160 P·6 C·23 Y·129 N·119 w:5.9

Direct (138), Veterans (20), Bad Actors (1), Taxpayers (1)

Defense 151 C·3 Y·142 N·60 w:0.8

Direct (147), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)

Military 144 P·1 C·8 Y·132 N·56 w:1.4

Direct (143), Space Force (1)

State & Local Government 140 P·2 C·82 Y·54 N·56 w:3.9

Direct (135), Non-Expansion (3), Medicaid Programs (2)

Healthcare 135 C·25 Y·103 N·105 w:2.4

Direct (124), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2), Reproductive Health (2), Safety Net Providers (2)

Immigration 127 Y·127 N·127 w:0.1

Financial Services 123 C·69 Y·51 N·53 w:6.0

Direct (122), Transgender Individuals (1)

Technology 123 C·84 Y·38 N·33 w:3.9

Direct (114), Foreign (7), AI/Defense (1), Defense (1)

Education 119 P·1 C·30 Y·89 N·85 w:6.4

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage

100.0% of votes

Show vote-alignment table

S+ Supported Benefits

S- Supported Burdens

O+ Opposed Benefits

O- Opposed Burdens

Industry	S+	S-	Net
Government (58 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans Affairs (180), Defense (158), DoD (34), VA (23), EPA (22) +53 more			-353
General Public (5 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (141), Military Families (16), Military (3), Foreign (2), Taxpayers (1)			+48
Defense (14 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more			-50
Military (2 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Families (1), Space Force (1)			-13
Healthcare (8 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (15), Community (3), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Tribal (3), Family Planning Services (2) +3 more			+57
Education (4 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)			-8
Construction (3 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)			+45
Taxpayers	-	-	-18
Agriculture (5 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1)			-96
Manufacturing (4 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (7), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)			+7
Transportation			+13
Immigration	-	-	+107
Financial Services (3 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7), HSA Administration (2), Transgender Individuals (1)			-3
State & Local Government (3 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (4), Non-Expansion (3)		-	+1
Energy (1 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Distributed Generation (1)			-28

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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