Government Operations
207 bills 1184 analyzed clauses
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R ND · Senate
Vote dates filter recorded votes and vote-linked bills; sponsorship remains included.
Policy Effects
Estimated effects on people, organizations, and industries in bills this legislator sponsored, cosponsored, or voted on. Includes bills they voted against.
These are assessments of legislative text, not measurements of realized outcomes or the legislator’s intent.
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207 bills 1184 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups169 bills 976 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups153 bills 859 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups142 bills 1093 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups138 bills 2252 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups107 bills 516 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups96 bills 354 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups65 bills 708 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups64 bills 228 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups48 bills 90 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups46 bills 212 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups44 bills 545 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups44 bills 329 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups38 bills 205 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups34 bills 555 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups32 bills 279 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups30 bills 191 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups29 bills 220 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups28 bills 126 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups20 bills 103 analyzed clauses
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Explore affected groups12 bills 40 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups12 bills 26 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups8 bills 23 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups6 bills 174 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups6 bills 11 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups5 bills 316 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups5 bills 5 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups4 bills 51 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups3 bills 23 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups3 bills 8 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups3 bills 5 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups2 bills 200 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups2 bills 58 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups2 bills 19 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups2 bills 11 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups2 bills 10 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups2 bills 7 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups2 bills 5 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups2 bills 5 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups2 bills 4 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups2 bills 4 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups2 bills 3 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups2 bills 3 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups2 bills 2 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups2 bills 2 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 263 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 134 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 81 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 68 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 40 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 27 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 27 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 23 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 19 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 19 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 18 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 18 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 17 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 17 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 16 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 16 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 12 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 12 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 12 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 10 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 10 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 9 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 9 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 8 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 7 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 5 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 5 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 5 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 4 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 4 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 4 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 4 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 3 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 3 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 3 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 3 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 2 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 2 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 2 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 2 analyzed clauses
Explore affected groups1 bill 1 analyzed clause
Explore affected groups1 bill 1 analyzed clause
Explore affected groups1 bill 1 analyzed clause
Explore affected groups1 bill 1 analyzed clause
Explore affected groups1 bill 1 analyzed clause
Explore affected groups1 bill 1 analyzed clause
Explore affected groups1 bill 1 analyzed clause
Explore affected groups1 bill 1 analyzed clause
Explore affected groups1 bill 1 analyzed clause
Explore affected groups1 bill 1 analyzed clause
Explore affected groupsPotential benefits are effects assessed as favorable to the named group. Potential burdens impose costs, restrictions, risks, or lost opportunities on that group.
Mixed effects contain countervailing effects on the same group. Unclear effects have an undetermined direction. A group can have separate benefits and burdens; these are counted separately.
Counts describe the number of identified effects, not their size or public value. Bill and clause counts are distinct within each view. Shared evidence may appear under several groups or policy areas, so their counts should not be added together.
Historical bill versions are included. Clauses analyzed in different versions count separately. A bill’s current status does not establish that every analyzed provision was enacted.
Only direct effects with high or medium confidence in the policy-area assignment are included. Bills are connected through sponsorship, cosponsorship, or Yea/Nay votes; a vote against a bill does not reverse its assessed effects. Vote dates filter recorded votes and vote-linked bills; sponsorship remains included.
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Protecting American Taxpayers Act
Protecting American Taxpayers Act
Chip Security Act
Rural Housing Service Reform Act of 2025
Enhanced Iran Sanctions Act of 2025
Regulations from the Executive in Need of Scrutiny Act of 2025
To impose sanctions with respect to the system of compensation of the Palestine Liberation Organization and the Palestinian Authority that supports acts of terrorism.
To require the Commissioner for U.S. Customs and Border Protection to assess current efforts to respond to hazardous weather and water events at or near United States borders and, to the extent such efforts may be improved, to develop a hazardous weather and water events preparedness and response strategy, and for other purposes.
To freeze $6,000,000,000 of Iranian funds held in Qatar, and for other purposes.
To continue in effect certain Executive orders imposing sanctions with respect to Iran, to prevent the waiver of certain sanctions imposed by the United States with respect to Iran until the Government of Iran ceases to attempt to assassinate United States officials, other United States citizens, and Iranian nationals residing in the United States, and for other purposes.
To impose sanctions with respect to persons engaged in the import of petroleum from the Islamic Republic of Iran, and for other purposes.
To provide for better security and accountability with respect to the strategic and non-strategic nuclear arsenals of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China, and for other purposes.
To impose sanctions with respect to trafficking of illicit fentanyl and its precursors by transnational criminal organizations, including cartels, and for other purposes.
To direct the Comptroller General of the United States to conduct a study to evaluate the activities of sister city partnerships operating within the United States, and for other purposes.
To provide for the independent and objective conduct and supervision of audits and investigations relating to the programs and operations funded with amounts appropriated or otherwise made available to Ukraine for military, economic, and humanitarian aid.
To require the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to provide answers to questions submitted for the record to the Secretary by members of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Veterans' Affairs of the House of Representatives within 45 business days, and for other purposes.
To impose sanctions to deter aggression by the People’s Republic of China against Taiwan, and for other purposes.
To increase the number of landlords participating in the Housing Choice Voucher program.
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