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Tom Cole

Analysis

R OK-4 · House

2025–Present House Of Representatives (District 4)

2023–2025 House Of Representatives (District 4)

2021–2023 House Of Representatives (District 4)

2019–2021 House Of Representatives (District 4)

2017–2019 House Of Representatives (District 4)

2015–2017 House Of Representatives (District 4)

2013–2015 House Of Representatives (District 4)

2011–2013 House Of Representatives (District 4)

2009–2011 House Of Representatives (District 4)

2007–2009 House Of Representatives (District 4)

2005–2007 House Of Representatives (District 4)

2003–2005 House Of Representatives (District 4)

Defense

+155

Helped 1464 Hurt 1309 Unclear 1261

Finance

+284

Helped 823 Hurt 539 Mixed 4 Unclear 332

Labor

-108

Helped 413 Hurt 521 Unclear 482

Healthcare

+339

Helped 685 Hurt 346 Unclear 347

Energy

-60

Helped 333 Hurt 393 Mixed 3 Unclear 185

Veterans Affairs

+259

Helped 435 Hurt 176 Unclear 92

Education

+22

Helped 286 Hurt 264 Unclear 151

Agriculture

+186

Helped 361 Hurt 175 Unclear 131

Transportation

-16

Helped 230 Hurt 246 Unclear 134

Government Operations

+18

Helped 140 Hurt 122 Unclear 264

Criminal Justice

Helped 223 Hurt 222 Mixed 4 Unclear 59

Homeland Security

+111

Helped 214 Hurt 103 Unclear 163

Appropriations

+150

Helped 279 Hurt 129 Unclear 26

Tax Administration

-8

Helped 134 Hurt 142 Unclear 138

Environment

-77

Helped 69 Hurt 146 Unclear 198

Trade

+38

Helped 198 Hurt 160 Mixed 2 Unclear 43

Foreign Affairs

-114

Helped 85 Hurt 199 Unclear 103

Housing

+55

Helped 203 Hurt 148 Unclear 35

Immigration

-170

Helped 72 Hurt 242 Mixed 4 Unclear 59

Technology

+67

Helped 202 Hurt 135 Unclear 40

20 policy domains

Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

21526 industry impacts

All entities →

How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Government 2550 P·605 C·130 Y·2239 N·1776 w:13.1

Direct (2021), Defense (128), Veterans Affairs (114), DoD (32), Legislative Branch (19), State (19), VA (19), Executive (16), USDA (16), Legislative (14), Treasury (13), Agriculture (11), Congress (11), Coast Guard (9), Justice (7), NPS (7), CMS (6), Oversight (6), Education (5), Medicare (5), DOJ (4), Foreign Affairs (4), ICE (4), Judiciary (4), Research (4), Local (3), National Security (3), Transportation (3), Army Corps (2), Cemeteries (2), DHS (2), FDA (2), FEMA (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), NOAA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), Aviation (1), Biosecurity (1), Defense R&D (1), EPA (1), Federal Executive (1), Federal Law Enforcement (1), Foreign (1), HHS (1), IBWC (1), Intelligence (1), Interior (1), Judicial (1), Law Enforcement (1), Manufacturing (1), Municipal (1), Public Health (1), Social Programs (1)

General Public 716 P·139 C·70 Y·613 N·396 w:9.8

Direct (572), Veterans (121), Military Families (17), Foreign (3), Military (3)

Military 410 P·9 C·3 Y·405 N·363 w:3.9

Direct (407), Air Force (2), Families (1)

Defense 406 P·41 C·6 Y·377 N·343 w:7.1

Direct (393), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)

Healthcare 383 P·100 C·26 Y·307 N·285 w:6.6

Direct (344), Research (15), Behavioral Health (6), Community (3), Tribal (3), Diagnostics (2), Dialysis Patients (2), Emergency Preparedness (1), Home Health (1), Hospitals (1), Maternal Health (1), Mental Health (1), Physicians (1), Specialty (1), Telehealth (1)

Education 269 P·41 C·14 Y·219 N·174 w:10.8

Direct (260), Child Care (3), Maritime Training (2), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Research Universities (1), Technical (1)

Cryptocurrency 217 C·8 Y·209 w:0.5

Real Estate 217 P·14 C·167 Y·42 N·33 w:6.5

Transportation 217 P·28 C·11 Y·180 N·83 w:8.3

Direct (215), Labor (2)

Financial Services 211 P·14 C·19 Y·202 N·93 w:6.2

Direct (204), HSA (7)

Negative-Effect Industries

Government 2684 P·382 C·419 Y·2061 N·1114 w:41.4

Direct (2259), Defense (101), Veterans Affairs (69), Regulatory (43), EPA (31), Coast Guard (27), FDA (11), NPS (11), Education (8), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), SEC (7), HHS (6), Foreign (5), CFPB (4), Federal Child Welfare (4), Treasury/IRS (4), VA (4), Executive (3), Legislative (3), Legislative Branch (3), NOAA (3), NOAA/EPA (3), Natural Resources (3), Acquisition (2), Child Welfare (2), Commerce (2), Congress (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Foreign Diplomatic (2), GAO (2), Law Enforcement (2), Military (2), Public Health Preparedness (2), Science (2), Treasury (2), Aging Services (1), DOE (1), DOJ (1), Disaster Relief (1), DoD (1), Energy Department (1), Energy/Defense (1), Environmental Regulation (1), FCC (1), FTC (1), Federal (1), Federal Immigration (1), Federal Law Enforcement (1), Intelligence (1), Interior Department (1), Medicare (1), NNSA (1), Sanctions (1), Science Agencies (1), Small Business (1), Space Force (1), State (1), Strategic Command (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), USDA (1), Veterans Services (1), Waste Management (1)

Defense 248 P·11 C·2 Y·235 N·212 w:3.9

Direct (244), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)

Military 244 P·1 Y·244 N·224 w:1.2

Direct (240), Intercontinental Ballistic Missile Systems (3), Space Force (1)

General Public 241 P·10 C·4 Y·234 N·157 w:6.0

Direct (214), Veterans (20), Family Sponsors (4), Environmental Health (1), Environmental Justice (1), Water Quality (1)

Federal appropriations implementation offices 207 P·207 w:1.0

Education 179 P·11 C·6 Y·162 N·88 w:6.3

Transportation 178 P·10 C·20 Y·152 N·70 w:3.3

Direct (170), Foreign (2), Technology (2), Tourism (2), Moving (1), Research Vessels (1)

Healthcare 174 P·41 C·19 Y·146 N·117 w:5.5

Direct (165), Family Planning Services (2), Organ Transplant (2), PBMs (2), Public Health (2), Home Health (1)

Immigration 155 P·5 C·7 Y·143 N·134 w:1.5

Direct (148), Unaccompanied Minors (4), Undocumented (3)

State & Local Government 145 P·23 C·21 Y·101 N·71 w:3.7

Direct (132), Medicaid (6), Non-Expansion (3), Aging Services (2), Child Welfare (2)

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage

100.0% of votes

Show vote-alignment table

S+ Supported Benefits

S- Supported Burdens

O+ Opposed Benefits

O- Opposed Burdens

Industry	O+	O-	Net
Government (75 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Defense (229), Veterans Affairs (183), Coast Guard (36), DoD (33), EPA (31) +70 more			+310
General Public (8 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (141), Military Families (17), Family Sponsors (4), Military (3), Foreign (2) +3 more			+373
Military (4 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Intercontinental Ballistic Missile Systems (3), Air Force (2), Families (1), Space Force (1)	-		+167
Defense (14 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more			+124
Healthcare (5 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (15), Community (3), Tribal (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2)		-	+157
Education (6 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (3), Maritime Training (2), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Research Universities (1) +1 more		-	+51
Cryptocurrency	-	-	+71
Transportation (6 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (2), Labor (2), Technology (2), Tourism (2), Moving (1) +1 more		-	+20
Financial Services (1 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7)			+41
State & Local Government (2 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Non-Expansion (3)		-	+33
Construction (4 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal Projects (1), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)			+149
Manufacturing (4 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (8), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)			+29
Taxpayers	-	-	+15
Agriculture (6 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1) +1 more	-		+149
Law Enforcement	-	-	+42

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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