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Sanford D. Bishop, Jr.

Sanford D. Bishop, Jr.

D GA-2 · House

1993–1995 Congress (District 2)
1995–1997 Congress (District 2)
1997–1999 Congress (District 2)
1999–2001 Congress (District 2)
2001–2003 Congress (District 2)
2003–2005 Congress (District 2)
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2021–2023 Congress (District 2)
2023–2025 Congress (District 2)
2025–2027 Congress (District 2)
Vote Date:
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Vote dates filter recorded votes and vote-linked bills; sponsorship remains included.

Policy Effects

Estimated effects on people, organizations, and industries in bills this legislator sponsored, cosponsored, or voted on. Includes bills they voted against.

These are assessments of legislative text, not measurements of realized outcomes or the legislator’s intent.

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What the effects and counts mean

Potential benefits are effects assessed as favorable to the named group. Potential burdens impose costs, restrictions, risks, or lost opportunities on that group.

Mixed effects contain countervailing effects on the same group. Unclear effects have an undetermined direction. A group can have separate benefits and burdens; these are counted separately.

Counts describe the number of identified effects, not their size or public value. Bill and clause counts are distinct within each view. Shared evidence may appear under several groups or policy areas, so their counts should not be added together.

Historical bill versions are included. Clauses analyzed in different versions count separately. A bill’s current status does not establish that every analyzed provision was enacted.

Only direct effects with high or medium confidence in the policy-area assignment are included. Bills are connected through sponsorship, cosponsorship, or Yea/Nay votes; a vote against a bill does not reverse its assessed effects. Vote dates filter recorded votes and vote-linked bills; sponsorship remains included.

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

All Industries Academic Institutions Advertising Afghan Resistance Units Agricultural Commodity Trade Agricultural Equipment Agricultural Industry Agricultural Producers Agricultural Services Agriculture Air Force Global Strike Command Air Traffic Control Airport Authorities Airport Infrastructure Airport Operators Alcohol Beverage Industry All Businesses All Industries Allied Nations Alternative Fuel Industry Amphibious Vessel Industry Animal Exhibition Animal Fighting Animal Sales Animal Welfare Animal Welfare Organizations Aquaculture Architecture & Engineering Arctic Communities Arts & Culture Arts And Cultural Institutions Automotive Bail Bonds Behavioral Health Programs Benefits Administration Beverages Biofuels Bond Markets Budget Business Associations Business Entities Business Owners And Operators Campaign Finance Cannabis Capitol Police Force Capitol Tours Carbon Capture Carbon Sequestration Industry Charitable Contributors Charitable Organizations China Chinese Entities Chiropractic Care Civic & Social Organizations Civic Organizations Civic Participation Civil Liberties Civil Rights & Refugee Advocacy Civil Rights Advocacy Civil Rights Honorees Claims Assistance Clean Hydrogen Production Climate Tech Cloud Computing Services Cloud Services Coast Guard Coast Guard Facilities Coast Guard Firefighting Services Coast Guard Leadership Coast Guard Legal Professionals Coast Guard Medical Personnel Coast Guard Members Coast Guard Personnel Coastal Communities Coastal Restoration Collectibles Collectibles & Numismatics Collectors College Students Commercial Air Transport Commercial Space Industry Commodities Communications Equipment And Services Industry Community Development Community Development Investing Community Health Community Health Centers Community Organizations Commuters Computer And Electronic Products Computer Hardware Computers Congress Congressional Families Congressional Offices Congressional Representatives Congressional Security Congressional Staff Construction Consumer Goods Consumers Convention & Trade Show Organizers Corporate Debtors Corporate Tax Planning Correctional Institutions Corrections Corrections Population Cosmetics Counties In North Carolina Courts Courts And Judicial Services Credit Bureaus Credit Intermediation Credit Intermediation And Related Activities Creditors Criminal Offenders Criminal Organizations Crisis Services Critical Infrastructure Cryptocurrency Cuban Americans And Their Families Cultural Institutions Custodial Services Custody Services Cycling Industry Data Services Defense Denied Enlistees Dentistry Development Finance Institutions Diagnostic Services Digital Art/Collectibles Digital Asset Custody Services Digital Asset Exchanges Diplomatic Corps Diplomatic Service Diplomatic Services Disability Disability Rights Disability Services Disability Support Services Disaster Relief And Emergency Management Disaster-Affected Regions District Of Columbia Divided Families Domestic Businesses Domestic Small And Mid-Size Business Dredging Industry E-learning Services Economic Actors In Western Balkans Economic Development Economic Development Organizations Education Educational Services Educational Testing & Assessment Election Administration Election Vendors Elections Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) Electronics & Surveillance Equipment Emergency Management Emergency Management Services Emergency Services Emerging Leaders Employee Benefits Employee Benefits Administration Employer-Sponsored Health Plans Employment Services Providers Energy Environment Equine Industry Estate Planning Events & Tourism Family Caregivers Family Services Federal Administration Federal Budget Federal Civil Service Federal Executive Agencies Federal Grants Federal Programs Federal Regulation Federal Regulatory Agencies Finance Finance/Credit Financial Regulation Financial Services Fire Departments And Emergency Services Fire Protection Fire Safety Equipment Industry Firearms Firearms Industry Firefighting Services Fish Processing Industry Fisheries Industry Fishing & Forestry Food & Beverage Foreign Affairs Foreign Businesses Foreign Countries Foreign Entities Foreign Entities Engaged In Prohibited/Notifiable Technologies Foreign Investment Foreign Issuers Foreign Organizations Foreign Private Issuers Foreign Renewable Fuel Producers Foreign Visitors Fuel Distribution Companies Future Beneficiaries Gambling And Betting Services Gambling Industry Participants General Contractors And Suppliers General Foreign Entities General Industry General Public Goods Importing Government Government Contractors Government Employees Governments And Aid Organizations Grantmaking And Giving Services Green Building Services Green Finance Grocery Stores HVAC & Air Quality HVAC Industry Health Care Health Care Providers Health Care Services Health IT Health Professionals Healthcare Hemp Industry High-Income Individuals Historic Preservation Historical Aircraft Preservation Organizations Homeowners Hospitality Humanitarian Assistance Humanitarian Organizations IT Services Illegal Activities Illegal Drug Trafficking Illegal Gambling Immigrant Communities Immigration Indigenous Affairs Indigenous Communities Individual Contributors Individual Investors Individual Savers Information Services International Affairs International Affairs Professionals International Allies International Allies Of The U.S. International Allies Of The United States International Business International Cooperation Programs International Development International Development Finance International Development Organizations International Development Professionals International Development Projects International Drug Trafficking International Governments International Organizations International Tax Planning International Travelers Investigation & Security Services Investment Advice Investment And Development Companies Investment Fund Management Job Seekers Judicial Branch Judiciary Labor Laboratory Services Large Corporations Law Enforcement Legislative Bodies Legislative Body Libraries Lobbying Local Communities Low-Income Households Manufacturing Marine Industry Marine Salvage Industry Media & Entertainment Medical Beneficiaries Medical Diagnostics Medical Facilities Medical Professionals Mental Health Merchant Wholesalers Mergers And Acquisitions Military Mining Motor Vehicle Owners Moving Services Multi-State Businesses Multifamily Development Museums Museums & Cultural Institutions Museums And Heritage Sites Music Music Industry Music Production NATO Allies Nation Nation States National Laboratories National Parks National Security Native Hawaiian Enterprises Native Hawaiian Organizations Natural Resource Trustees Naval Operations Naval Ship Maintenance Services Naval Support Facilities Naval Surface Vessel Maintenance Industry Naval Vehicles Naval Vessels Navy Ship Maintenance Navy Ship Maintenance Services Navy Ships Non-DoD Organizations Non-Profit Institutions Non-Profits / Advocacy Nonprofit Health Organizations Nonprofit Services Nonprofits Nuclear Energy Numismatics Nursery And Garden Stores Nursery, Garden Center, And Farm Supply Stores Nursing Care Facilities Nutrition Nutrition Assistance Nutrition Assistance Recipients Nutrition Programs Offices Of Physicians Oil & Gas Oil Refining Oil Trading Online Platforms Opioid Trafficking Organized Crime Outdoor Recreation Outpatient Mental Health Centers Overseas Voters Pass-Through Entities Pensions Personal Finance Personal Savings Personal Vehicle Owners Pharmaceutical Distribution Pharmaceuticals Pharmacy Pharmacy Benefit Management Philanthropic Organizations Physicians And Surgeons Physicians Offices Political Contributors Political Leadership Political Organizations Port And Harbor Operations Port Authorities Port Infrastructure Postal Service Poultry Production Primary Care Services Printing And Related Support Activities Prison Population Privacy Private Detention Private Sector Professional Associations Professional Development Professional Services Professional, Scientific, And Technical Services Publicly Traded Companies Qualified Pass-Through Entities Ranching Real Estate Recent Graduates / Entry-Level Professionals Recovery Services Recreation Recreation & Tourism RegTech Regulated Industries Regulatory Agency Religious Organizations Relocation Services Renewable Energy Renewable Fuel Producers Reproductive Health Research & Science Residential Residential Care Facilities Residential Communities Residential Homeowners Retail Retirement Retirement Savers Rural Communities Safety Training School Nutrition Sea Transport Seafood Industry Security Services Self-Employment Senior Care Services Shipbuilding Small Business Social Security Social Services Social Welfare Space Agency Space Industry Space Launch Services Sports & Recreation State & Local Government State Regulation Student Borrowers Students And Families Substance Abuse Treatment Centers Substance Use Disorder Treatment Substance Use Treatment Sugar Industry Syrian Opposition Syrian Opposition Groups TRICARE Beneficiaries Tanning Services Tax Advisory Tax Planning Tax Preparation Services Tax-Exempt Organizations Taxation Taxpayers Technology Telecommunications Telehealth Temporary Residents Terrorist Organizations Textile Industry Tobacco Tobacco Industry Tobacco Products Tourism Tourism & Hospitality Trade Trade Associations Transit Agencies Transnational Criminal Organizations Transportation Travel Industry Travel Services Tribal Nations Trust And Estate Planning Services U.S. Coast Guard U.S. Department Of State U.S. Residents U.S. State Department Leadership United States Coast Guard Unmanned Aircraft Systems Unmanned Ground Vehicle Systems Industry Urban Planning Services Utilities Venture Capital Veterans Veterinary Services Victim Services Voters Voting Rights Waste Management Waste Management & Remediation Water Infrastructure Weather & Ocean Services Whistleblowers Wildlife Wildlife Trafficking Women's Health Youth Youth Programs

hres1301-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Supporting the designation of May 29, 2026, as "Mental Health Awareness in Agriculture Day" to raise awareness around mental health in the agricultural industry and workforce and to continue to reduce stigma associated with mental illness.

1 clause May 19, 2026

hr8863-119

Cosponsor In Committee

To amend title 5, United States Code, to add certain employees of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives to the definition of employees in fire protection activities for the purpose of compensation for certain illnesses and diseases deemed to be proximately caused by employment in fire protection activities.

0 clauses May 15, 2026

hr8839-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Lainie Jones Comprehensive Cancer Survivorship Act of 2026

11 clauses May 14, 2026

hr8791-119

Cosponsor In Committee

IGNITE HBCU Excellence Act

9 clauses May 13, 2026

hr8776-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Officer Wellness and Peer Support Act of 2026

1 clause May 13, 2026
Law Enforcement

hr8750-119

Cosponsor In Committee

COPS Reauthorization Act of 2026

2 clauses May 12, 2026

hres1253-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives that public servants should be commended for their dedication and continued service to the United States, including their commitment to defending the Constitution and delivering essential services to United States citizens, and in doing so, supporting the United States economy, during Public Service Recognition Week and throughout the year.

1 clause May 4, 2026

hres1255-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Supporting the designation of the week of May 4 through May 8, 2026, as "Teacher Appreciation Week".

1 clause May 4, 2026

hr8582-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Protecting Human Rights and Public Health in Foreign Assistance Act

0 clauses Apr 29, 2026

hres1214-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Celebrating the 75th anniversary of the International Hearing Society.

1 clause Apr 23, 2026

hres1206-119

Primary Sponsor Passed House

Expressing the profound sorrow of the House of Representatives on the death of the Honorable David Scott.

0 clauses Apr 22, 2026

hres1204-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives that as the United States marks 250 years of independence, establishing a "Veterans Appreciation Month" offers a simple but powerful way for the Nation to recognize the men and women whose service has protected American freedom for generations.

1 clause Apr 21, 2026

hres1205-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Encouraging military discounts in honor of the 250th anniversary of the United States.

0 clauses Apr 21, 2026

hjres158-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Encouraging States to establish "Veterans Tax Relief Weekends" that coincide with Memorial Day, Independence Day, and Veterans Day, providing a practical way for communities across the country to recognize the service of veterans and members of the Armed Forces by providing financial relief to them.

1 clause Apr 21, 2026
Veterans Military Government Retail

hres1183-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Supporting the designation of the week of April 11 through April 17, 2026, as "Black Maternal Health Week", founded by Black Mamas Matter Alliance, Inc. (BMMA), to bring national attention to the maternal and reproductive health crisis in the United States and the importance of reducing maternal mortality and morbidity among Black women and birthing people.

1 clause Apr 16, 2026

hjres155-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (Direct Loan) Program".

1 clause Apr 9, 2026
Financial Services Education Government

hres1157-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Commending the American Chemical Society on the occasion of its 150th anniversary and recognizing its many years of service to the United States.

1 clause Apr 9, 2026

hr8205-119

Cosponsor Reported

Accelerating Access to Critical Therapies for ALS Reauthorization Act of 2026

14 clauses Apr 6, 2026
Professional Services Government Healthcare General Public

hr8190-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Social Security Customer Service Act

1 clause Apr 2, 2026

hconres81-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Recognizing the significance of equal pay and the disparity between wages paid to men and women.

0 clauses Mar 26, 2026

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Explore affected groups in Policy Effects to view supporting evidence. Existing clause links also open here.