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Jack Reed

Jack Reed

D RI · Senate

2025–Present Senate
2023–2025 Senate
2021–2023 Senate
2019–2021 Senate
2017–2019 Senate
2015–2017 Senate
2013–2015 Senate
2011–2013 Senate
2009–2011 Senate
2007–2009 Senate
2005–2007 Senate
2003–2005 Senate
2001–2003 Senate
1999–2001 Senate
1997–1999 Senate
1995–1997 House Of Representatives (District 2)
1993–1995 House Of Representatives (District 2)
1991–1993 House Of Representatives (District 2)
78
Sponsored
503
Cosponsored
658
Votes
Vote Date:
to

Defense

-16
Helped 947 Hurt 963 Unclear 1754

Government Operations

-24
Helped 62 Hurt 86 Unclear 1092

Healthcare

+150
Helped 424 Hurt 274 Unclear 533

Finance

-92
Helped 314 Hurt 406 Unclear 192

Education

+38
Helped 311 Hurt 273 Unclear 249

Energy

-19
Helped 247 Hurt 266 Unclear 103

Veterans Affairs

+186
Helped 341 Hurt 155 Unclear 82

Agriculture

+108
Helped 280 Hurt 172 Unclear 109

Trade

-46
Helped 162 Hurt 208 Unclear 38

Transportation

-60
Helped 103 Hurt 163 Unclear 128

Labor

+55
Helped 158 Hurt 103 Unclear 127

Appropriations

+90
Helped 210 Hurt 120 Unclear 17

Housing

+141
Helped 230 Hurt 89 Unclear 15

Environment

-38
Helped 86 Hurt 124 Unclear 100

Federal Budget

+162
Helped 207 Hurt 45 Unclear 36

Technology

+40
Helped 132 Hurt 92 Unclear 43

Criminal Justice

+24
Helped 134 Hurt 110 Unclear 18

Immigration

-113
Helped 30 Hurt 143 Unclear 72

Foreign Policy

-9
Helped 94 Hurt 103 Unclear 32

Science & Space

+36
Helped 90 Hurt 54 Unclear 14
20 policy domains
Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

13341 industry impacts

All entities →
How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Government 1866 P·70 C·100 Y·1649 N·1403 w:18.5
Direct (1406), Veterans Affairs (115), Defense (102), DoD (33), VA (19), Executive (16), USDA (16), Legislative (14), State (14), Treasury (14), Congress (13), Agriculture (11), CMS (9), Justice (8), NPS (7), Oversight (6), Judiciary (5), DOJ (4), Education (4), Foreign Affairs (4), ICE (4), DHS (3), Federal (3), Local (3), Transportation (3), Cemeteries (2), FDA (2), FEMA (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), Defense R&D (1), Election Workers (1), Employees (1), HHS (1), Homeland Security (1), Intelligence (1), Judicial (1), Local Election Administration (1), Manufacturing (1), State/Local (1)
General Public 568 P·18 C·187 Y·359 N·351 w:11.7
Direct (410), Veterans (121), Military Families (16), Minority Voters (5), Voters (4), Military (3), District Of Columbia (2), Foreign (2), Native American Voters (2), Capital District (1), Language Minority Voters (1), Students (1)
Defense 300 P·73 C·3 Y·209 N·123 w:5.0
Direct (287), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)
Military 268 P·39 C·5 Y·224 N·109 w:2.2
Direct (267), Families (1)
Healthcare 252 P·3 C·50 Y·197 N·190 w:5.2
Direct (214), Patients (16), Research (15), Community (3), Tribal (3), Hospitals (1)
Education 240 P·34 C·63 Y·143 N·121 w:14.9
Direct (232), Child Care (3), Higher Education (1), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1), Vocational (1)
Construction 208 P·51 Y·156 N·132 w:1.2
Direct (205), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
Agriculture 163 P·1 C·7 Y·155 N·151 w:3.3
Direct (155), Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2)
Financial Services 118 P·8 C·27 Y·75 N·80 w:11.4
Direct (109), HSA (7), HSA Administration (2)
State & Local Government 117 P·7 C·35 Y·73 N·67 w:4.1
Direct (109), Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (2)

Negative-Effect Industries

Government 1754 P·173 C·552 Y·955 N·840 w:50.4
Direct (1366), Defense (83), Veterans Affairs (66), Judiciary (34), EPA (22), Federal (18), State (16), Education (11), NPS (11), State/Local (11), FDA (9), HHS (8), VA (8), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), Foreign (5), Legislative (5), CFPB (4), Treasury/IRS (4), DHS (3), Executive (3), NOAA (3), NOAA/EPA (3), SEC (3), Acquisition (2), Congress (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Intelligence (2), Local (2), Local Election Administration (2), Military (2), Regulatory (2), State Election Administration (2), State Legislatures (2), State/Local Election Administration (2), Coast Guard (1), DoD (1), Energy/Defense (1), GAO (1), Housing (1), Interior Department (1), Justice (1), NNSA (1), OPM (1), Space Force (1), Strategic Command (1), Treasury (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), USDA (1), Waste Management (1)
General Public 172 P·1 C·40 Y·129 N·120 w:5.6
Direct (150), Veterans (20), Bad Actors (1), Taxpayers (1)
Defense 160 P·11 C·1 Y·142 N·60 w:2.5
Direct (156), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)
Financial Services 156 P·11 C·91 Y·51 N·53 w:14.3
Direct (155), Transgender Individuals (1)
State & Local Government 144 P·1 C·87 Y·54 N·56 w:2.6
Direct (139), Non-Expansion (3), Medicaid Programs (2)
Military 143 P·8 Y·132 N·56 w:1.1
Direct (142), Space Force (1)
Education 135 P·21 C·25 Y·89 N·85 w:12.2
Immigration 127 Y·127 N·127 w:0.1
Healthcare 119 C·9 Y·103 N·105 w:1.2
Direct (108), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2), Reproductive Health (2), Safety Net Providers (2)
Transportation 105 P·11 C·20 Y·74 N·44 w:5.4

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage
100.0% of votes
Show vote-alignment table
S+ Supported Benefits
S- Supported Burdens
O+ Opposed Benefits
O- Opposed Burdens
Industry S+ S- O+ O- Net
Government (58 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans Affairs (180), Defense (158), DoD (34), VA (23), EPA (22) +53 more
-373
General Public (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (141), Military Families (16), Military (3), Foreign (2), Taxpayers (1)
+40
Defense (14 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more
-50
Military (2 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Families (1), Space Force (1)
-13
Healthcare (8 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (15), Community (3), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Tribal (3), Family Planning Services (2) +3 more
+57
Education (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)
-8
Construction (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
+45
Taxpayers - - -18
Agriculture (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1)
-96
Manufacturing (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (7), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)
+7
Transportation +13
Immigration - - +107
Financial Services (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7), HSA Administration (2), Transgender Individuals (1)
-23
State & Local Government (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (4), Non-Expansion (3)
- -1
Energy (1 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Distributed Generation (1)
-28

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

All Roles Sponsor Cosponsor
All Industries Construction Defense Education Financial Services General Public Government Healthcare Military State & Local Government Transportation
Clear

s2515-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and the Small Business Act to expand the availability of employee stock ownership plans in S corporations, and for other purposes.

7 clauses Jul 26, 2023
Financial Services Federal Administration Education Health Care Providers

s2488-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To provide for increases in the Federal minimum wage, and for other purposes.

5 clauses Jul 25, 2023
Federal Administration Labor Environmental Services

s1-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To expand Americans’ access to the ballot box and reduce the influence of big money in politics, and for other purposes.

202 clauses Jul 25, 2023
Government - State State & Local Government Legal Services General Public

s2344-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To expand Americans’ access to the ballot box and reduce the influence of big money in politics, and for other purposes.

213 clauses Jul 18, 2023
Transportation Federal Administration Immigration Services Environmental Services

s2257-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Federal Reserve Act to add additional demographic reporting requirements, to modify the goals of the Federal Reserve System, and for other purposes.

3 clauses Jul 12, 2023
Financial Services Education

s2224-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to deny interest and depreciation deductions for taxpayers owning 50 or more single family properties.

2 clauses Jul 11, 2023
Immigration Services Federal Administration Defense Contractors

s2243-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Public Health Service Act to increase the number of permanent faculty in palliative care at accredited allopathic and osteopathic medical schools, nursing schools and other programs, including social work, physician assistant, and chaplaincy education programs, to promote education and research in palliative care and hospice, and to support the development of faculty careers in academic palliative and hospice care.

9 clauses Jul 11, 2023
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s2217-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend part B of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act to provide full Federal funding of such part.

2 clauses Jul 10, 2023
Education

s2221-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to clarify that all provisions shall apply to legally married same-sex couples in the same manner as other married couples, and for other purposes.

3 clauses Jul 10, 2023
Environmental Services

s2180-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Food Security Act of 1985 to require the Secretary of Agriculture to establish a small farm EQIP subprogram under the environmental quality incentives program, and for other purposes.

1 clause Jun 22, 2023
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

sres282-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Recognizing June 2023 as LGBTQ Pride Month.

1 clause Jun 22, 2023

s2207-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To provide enhanced funding for family planning services.

1 clause Jun 22, 2023
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s2174-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend title 38, United States Code, to adjust the threshold amount for minor medical facility construction projects of the Department of Veterans Affairs, and for other purposes.

1 clause Jun 22, 2023
Federal Administration Defense Contractors

s2171-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To permit legally married same-sex couples to amend their filing status for tax returns outside the statute of limitations.

2 clauses Jun 22, 2023
Environmental Services

s2065-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To authorize a study on educator workforce data to advance teaching and learning and a program to support increasing access to well-prepared and diverse educators.

2 clauses Jun 21, 2023
Federal Administration Education Health Care Providers

s5-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To prohibit discrimination on the basis of sex, gender identity, and sexual orientation, and for other purposes.

10 clauses Jun 21, 2023
Electronic Shopping Retail Trade Ambulatory Health Care Social Assistance

s2048-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To repeal the Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act, and provide for the discoverability and admissibility of gun trace information in civil proceedings.

0 clauses Jun 20, 2023

s1995-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To support public health infrastructure.

4 clauses Jun 14, 2023
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s1999-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To protect an individual’s ability to access contraceptives and to engage in contraception and to protect a health care provider’s ability to provide contraceptives, contraception, and information related to contraception.

6 clauses Jun 14, 2023
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s1992-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to expand the earned income and child tax credits, and for other purposes.

5 clauses Jun 14, 2023
Financial Services Federal Administration Education
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Policy Mechanisms Used

Industry Focus Distribution