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Edward J. Markey

Edward J. Markey

D MA · Senate

2025–Present Senate
2023–2025 Senate
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Vote Date:
to

Defense

-86
Helped 797 Hurt 883 Unclear 637

Healthcare

+151
Helped 626 Hurt 475 Unclear 1181

Education

+64
Helped 532 Hurt 468 Unclear 413

Government Operations

-22
Helped 95 Hurt 117 Unclear 1066

Finance

-55
Helped 475 Hurt 530 Unclear 261

Energy

-198
Helped 359 Hurt 557 Unclear 228

Agriculture

+125
Helped 385 Hurt 260 Unclear 137

Environment

+53
Helped 282 Hurt 229 Unclear 258

Transportation

-61
Helped 221 Hurt 282 Unclear 235

Veterans Affairs

+193
Helped 347 Hurt 154 Unclear 81

Labor

+73
Helped 208 Hurt 135 Unclear 215

Housing

+149
Helped 299 Hurt 150 Unclear 17

Criminal Justice

-26
Helped 200 Hurt 226 Unclear 39

Trade

-11
Helped 178 Hurt 189 Unclear 42

Technology

-23
Helped 148 Hurt 171 Unclear 82

Immigration

-118
Helped 50 Hurt 168 Unclear 133

Appropriations

+93
Helped 204 Hurt 111 Unclear 17

Foreign Policy

-19
Helped 123 Hurt 142 Unclear 51

Social Welfare

+169
Helped 218 Hurt 49 Unclear 41

Civil Rights

+86
Helped 173 Hurt 87 Unclear 37
20 policy domains
Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

17822 industry impacts

All entities →
How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Direct (1550), Veterans Affairs (114), Defense (94), Child Welfare (40), DoD (33), VA (19), Executive (17), Legislative (16), State (16), USDA (16), Treasury (14), Congress (12), Agriculture (11), CMS (9), Justice (8), Transportation (8), NPS (7), Judiciary (6), Oversight (6), DOJ (4), Education (4), Foreign Affairs (4), ICE (4), Local (4), DHS (3), Immigration (3), NOAA (3), Cemeteries (2), DOD (2), EPA (2), FDA (2), FEMA (2), Federal (2), Federal Agencies (2), HHS (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), State/Local (2), Civil Servants (1), Defense R&D (1), Election Workers (1), Employees (1), Environmental Regulation (1), Homeland Security (1), Intelligence (1), Interior (1), Judicial (1), Local Election Administration (1), Manufacturing (1), Treasury Department (1)
Direct (586), Veterans (121), Military Families (16), Low Income (7), Homeless (6), Minority Voters (5), Voters (4), Disabled (3), Military (3), District Of Columbia (2), Foreign (2), Formerly Incarcerated (2), Immigration Status Holders (2), Minorities (2), Native American Voters (2), African Americans (1), Capital District (1), Elderly (1), Language Minority Voters (1), Students (1), Support Networks (1)
Direct (491), Child Care (3), Higher Education (1), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Students (1), Technical (1), Vocational (1)
Direct (269), Patients (16), Research (15), Community (3), Tribal (3), Mental Health (2), Global South (1), Hospitals (1)
Direct (239), Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2)
Direct (222), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)
Direct (187), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
Direct (178), Medicaid (6), Education (2), Medicaid Programs (2), Elections (1)

Negative-Effect Industries

Direct (2079), Defense (74), Veterans Affairs (66), Judiciary (35), EPA (23), HHS (17), State (17), Child Welfare (15), Federal (12), Education (11), NPS (11), State/Local (11), Immigration (10), FDA (9), Foreign (9), Transportation (8), VA (8), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), Justice Administration (7), CFPB (6), Executive (6), Border Security (5), Treasury (5), Legislative (4), NOAA (4), State Transportation (4), Treasury/IRS (4), DHS (3), General (3), Independent Agencies (3), NOAA/EPA (3), Regional Planning (3), SEC (3), ATF (2), Acquisition (2), Congress (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Executive Branch (2), Federal Agencies (2), Intelligence (2), Local (2), Local Election Administration (2), Military (2), Regulatory (2), State Department (2), State Election Administration (2), State Legislatures (2), State/Local Election Administration (2), Coast Guard (1), DoD (1), Energy/Defense (1), Health And Human Services (1), Homeland Security (1), Housing (1), Interior (1), Interior Department (1), Justice (1), Labor (1), NNSA (1), OPM (1), SSA (1), Space Force (1), Strategic Command (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), USDA (1), Waste Management (1)
Direct (186), Veterans (20), Taxpayers (2), Bad Actors (1)
Direct (165), Elections (4), Non-Expansion (3), Justice Administration (2), Medicaid Programs (2), Motor Vehicles (2), Education (1)
Direct (165), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)
Direct (139), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2), Reproductive Health (2), Safety Net Providers (2), Mental Health (1)

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage
100.0% of votes
Show vote-alignment table
S+ Supported Benefits
S- Supported Burdens
O+ Opposed Benefits
O- Opposed Burdens
Industry S+ S- O+ O- Net
Government (58 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans Affairs (180), Defense (158), DoD (34), VA (23), EPA (22) +53 more
-541
General Public (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (141), Military Families (16), Military (3), Foreign (2), Taxpayers (1)
-240
Defense (14 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more
-78
Military (2 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Families (1), Space Force (1)
-29
Healthcare (8 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (15), Community (3), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Tribal (3), Family Planning Services (2) +3 more
-75
Education (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)
-34
Construction (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
- -107
Taxpayers - - -18
Agriculture (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1)
- -142
Manufacturing (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (7), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)
-7
Transportation -13
Immigration - +109
Financial Services (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7), HSA Administration (2), Transgender Individuals (1)
-39
State & Local Government (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (4), Non-Expansion (3)
-3
Energy (1 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Distributed Generation (1)
-28

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

s4411-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Investing in the American Dream Act

2 clauses Apr 28, 2026
Financial Services Environmental Services

s4322-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Communications, Video, and Technology Accessibility Act of 2026

15 clauses Apr 16, 2026
Information Technology Financial Services Energy Production Transportation

s4199-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Youth AI Privacy Act

9 clauses Mar 25, 2026
Health Care Providers Information Technology Defense Contractors Financial Services

s4122-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Equal Tax Act

12 clauses Mar 17, 2026
Federal Administration Financial Services Transportation Agricultural Producers

s4038-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Small Business Liberation 2.0 Act

4 clauses Mar 10, 2026
Federal Administration Financial Services

s3884-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Small Business ICE Disruption Fund Act

3 clauses Feb 12, 2026
Financial Services

s3876-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

SPARK Act

7 clauses Feb 12, 2026
Federal Administration Financial Services Defense Contractors

s3233-119

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Older Americans Act of 1965 to provide financial planning services related to the needs of family caregivers, and for other purposes.

2 clauses Nov 20, 2025
Individual/Consumer Educational Services Legal Services Social Assistance

s2777-119

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To exempt small business concerns from duties imposed pursuant to the national emergency declared on April 2, 2025, by the President and to refund small business concerns the amount of any such duties paid.

2 clauses Sep 11, 2025
Financial Services

s2246-119

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Small Business Act to prohibit certain offices of the Small Business Administration from undertaking a reduction in force, and for other purposes.

1 clause Jul 10, 2025
Financial Services

s2232-119

Primary Sponsor Passed Senate

Expanding the Surety Bond Program Act of 2025

7 clauses Jul 9, 2025
Financial Services - Surety Bonds Small Business Federal Administration Surety Bonds

s1995-119

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To require the Director of the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network and the Administrator of the Small Business Administration to enter into a memorandum of understanding to ensure the dissemination of covered information, and for other purposes.

4 clauses Jun 9, 2025
Defense Contractors Health Care Providers Environmental Services Federal Administration

s1593-119

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To exempt small business concerns from duties imposed pursuant to the national emergency declared on April 2, 2025, by the President.

1 clause May 5, 2025
Financial Services

s1573-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

SBIR/STTR Reauthorization Act of 2025

17 clauses May 1, 2025
Small Business Higher Education Individuals Education

s5634-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To establish a grant program under the Small Business Administration, and for other purposes.

4 clauses Dec 19, 2024
Financial Services Defense Contractors

s5306-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To authorize the imposition of sanctions with respect to significant actions that exacerbate climate change, to reinforce comprehensive efforts to limit global average temperature rise, and for other purposes.

4 clauses Nov 13, 2024
Federal Administration Financial Services Health Care Providers

s4732-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Older Americans Act of 1965 to authorize funding for the Research, Demonstration, and Evaluation Center for the Aging Network to engage in certain research and evaluation activities with respect to family caregivers and to revise the definition of the term family caregiver.

1 clause Jul 23, 2024
Financial Services

s2838-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the National and Community Service Act of 1990 to establish a Civilian Climate Corps to help communities respond to climate change and transition to a clean economy, and for other purposes.

16 clauses Sep 19, 2023
Health Care Providers Education Environmental Services Federal Administration

s1418-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998 to strengthen protections relating to the online collection, use, and disclosure of personal information of children and teens, and for other purposes.

25 clauses May 3, 2023
Consumers Scientific Research Homeowners Federal Government

s1229-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To establish a Green New Deal for Health to prepare and empower the health care sector to protect the health and well-being of our workers, our communities, and our planet in the face of the climate crisis, and for other purposes.

29 clauses Apr 20, 2023
Consumers Environmental Groups Federal Government Veterans
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Click an industry from the Impact Profile to view supporting clauses

Policy Mechanisms Used

Industry Focus Distribution