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Tim Kaine

Tim Kaine

D VA · Senate

2025–Present Senate
2023–2025 Senate
2021–2023 Senate
2019–2021 Senate
2017–2019 Senate
2015–2017 Senate
2013–2015 Senate
Vote Date:
to

Defense

-44
Helped 917 Hurt 961 Unclear 668

Healthcare

+161
Helped 588 Hurt 427 Unclear 675

Finance

+36
Helped 460 Hurt 424 Mixed 5 Unclear 191

Education

-40
Helped 312 Hurt 352 Unclear 325

Government Operations

-78
Helped 79 Hurt 157 Unclear 731

Energy

-110
Helped 253 Hurt 363 Unclear 121

Agriculture

+127
Helped 336 Hurt 209 Unclear 111

Transportation

-234
Helped 109 Hurt 343 Unclear 184

Foreign Policy

-63
Helped 231 Hurt 294 Mixed 1 Unclear 78

Veterans Affairs

+183
Helped 348 Hurt 165 Unclear 86

Environment

-4
Helped 182 Hurt 186 Unclear 194

Sanctions

-57
Helped 218 Hurt 275 Unclear 18

Labor

+43
Helped 178 Hurt 135 Unclear 177

Technology

+36
Helped 224 Hurt 188 Unclear 53

Foreign Affairs

-32
Helped 174 Hurt 206 Unclear 69

Trade

+15
Helped 180 Hurt 165 Unclear 37

Housing

+98
Helped 222 Hurt 124 Unclear 15

Criminal Justice

+3
Helped 170 Hurt 167 Unclear 23

Appropriations

+93
Helped 204 Hurt 111 Unclear 17

Federal Budget

+162
Helped 207 Hurt 45 Unclear 36
20 policy domains
Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

16341 industry impacts

All entities →
How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Direct (1722), Veterans Affairs (114), Defense (94), DoD (33), VA (19), USDA (18), Executive (16), Congress (14), Legislative (14), State (14), Treasury (12), Agriculture (11), CMS (9), Justice (8), Transportation (8), Education (7), NPS (7), Transportation Security (7), Oversight (6), DOJ (4), Foreign Affairs (4), ICE (4), Judiciary (4), State/Local (4), DHS (3), Legislative Branch (3), Cemeteries (2), FDA (2), FEMA (2), FTC (2), Federal (2), Homeland Security (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Law Enforcement (2), Local (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), State Department (2), DOI (1), Defense R&D (1), Election Workers (1), Employees (1), HHS (1), Intelligence (1), Judicial (1), Local Election Administration (1), Manufacturing (1)
Direct (480), Veterans (121), Military Families (16), Minority Voters (5), Voters (4), Military (3), District Of Columbia (2), Foreign (2), Native American Voters (2), Capital District (1), Language Minority Voters (1), Students (1)
Direct (312), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)
Direct (258), Patients (15), Research (15), Community (3), Tribal (3)
Direct (281), Child Care (3), HBCUs (1), HSIs (1), Immigrant Students (1), MSIs (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1), Tribal (1), Tribal/Native (1)
Direct (179), Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2)
Direct (153), Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (2), Education (1), Elections (1)
Direct (156), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)

Negative-Effect Industries

Direct (1976), Defense (76), Veterans Affairs (66), EPA (22), State (17), Federal (12), HHS (12), State/Local (12), Education (11), NPS (11), FDA (10), Transportation (8), VA (8), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), Homeland Security (6), DOI (5), Foreign (5), CFPB (4), Foreign Affairs (4), Intelligence (4), Treasury (4), Treasury/IRS (4), DHS (3), Executive (3), General (3), Legislative (3), NOAA (3), NOAA/EPA (3), SEC (3), ATF (2), Acquisition (2), Congress (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Executive Branch (2), Local Election Administration (2), Military (2), State Election Administration (2), State Legislatures (2), State/Local Election Administration (2), USDA (2), Coast Guard (1), DoD (1), Energy/Defense (1), Executive Office (1), Housing (1), Interior Department (1), Justice (1), Law Enforcement (1), Local (1), NNSA (1), OPM (1), Oversight (1), Space Force (1), Strategic Command (1), Transportation Security (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), Waste Management (1)
Direct (231), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)
Direct (165), Veterans (20), Bad Actors (1), Taxpayers (1)
Direct (157), Elections (4), Non-Expansion (3), Education (2), Medicaid Programs (2), Motor Vehicles (2)
Direct (129), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2), Reproductive Health (2), Safety Net Providers (2)

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage
100.0% of votes
Show vote-alignment table
S+ Supported Benefits
S- Supported Burdens
O+ Opposed Benefits
O- Opposed Burdens
Industry S+ S- O+ O- Net
Government (58 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans Affairs (180), Defense (158), DoD (34), VA (23), EPA (22) +53 more
+141
General Public (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (141), Military Families (16), Military (3), Foreign (2), Taxpayers (1)
+230
Defense (14 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more
-14
Military (2 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Families (1), Space Force (1)
-1
Healthcare (8 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (15), Community (3), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Tribal (3), Family Planning Services (2) +3 more
+97
Education (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)
+2
Construction (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
+84
Taxpayers - - -18
Agriculture (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1)
+12
Manufacturing (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (7), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)
+12
Transportation +10
Immigration - - +107
Financial Services (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7), HSA Administration (2), Transgender Individuals (1)
-13
State & Local Government (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (4), Non-Expansion (3)
- +9
Energy (1 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Distributed Generation (1)
-20

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

sres153-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Recognizing the roles and the contributions of care workers in the United States and expressing support for the designation of April 2023 as Care Worker Recognition Month.

0 clauses Mar 30, 2023

s1092-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to make college affordable and accessible by expanding access to dual or concurrent enrollment programs and early college high school programs.

2 clauses Mar 30, 2023
Transportation Environmental Groups Education Agriculture

s1098-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To prohibit the application of certain restrictive eligibility requirements to foreign nongovernmental organizations with respect to the provision of assistance under part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.

1 clause Mar 30, 2023
Lobbying Healthcare Consumers Federal Government Consumers

s1071-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to provide students with disabilities and their families with access to critical information needed to select the right college and succeed once enrolled.

3 clauses Mar 30, 2023
Education Federal Government Consumers Homeowners

s1110-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to rebase the calculation of payments for sole community hospitals and Medicare-dependent hospitals, and for other purposes.

3 clauses Mar 30, 2023
Agriculture Healthcare Consumers Federal Government Consumers

s1084-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To eliminate racial, religious, and other discriminatory profiling by law enforcement, and for other purposes.

11 clauses Mar 30, 2023
Law Enforcement Legal Services Higher Education General Public

s1025-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To enhance the consideration of human rights in arms exports.

11 clauses Mar 29, 2023
Foreign Governments Civic Organizations Aerospace and Defense Federal Government

sres138-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Highlighting the risks that environmental defenders face around the world and commending their role in defending human rights, combating climate chaos, and supporting a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment.

1 clause Mar 29, 2023
Financial Services Environmental Groups Federal Government Business

s1026-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To authorize the appropriation of funds to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for conducting or supporting research on firearms safety or gun violence prevention.

1 clause Mar 29, 2023
Scientific Research Healthcare Consumers

s1040-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend title 38, United States Code, to prohibit smoking on the premises of any facility of the Veterans Health Administration, and for other purposes.

0 clauses Mar 29, 2023

s1004-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to eliminate origination fees on Federal Direct loans.

2 clauses Mar 28, 2023
Financial Services Education Federal Government

sres129-118

Cosponsor

Designating March 2023 as National Women’s History Month.

1 clause Mar 28, 2023
Regulated Industries

s1007-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To establish in the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor of the Department of State a Special Envoy for the Human Rights of LGBTQI+ Peoples, and for other purposes.

6 clauses Mar 28, 2023
Environmental Groups Healthcare Consumers Foreign Affairs Federal Government

s963-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To provide enhanced student loan relief to educators.

6 clauses Mar 23, 2023
Environmental Groups Healthcare Consumers Education Federal Government

s964-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Public Health Service Act to improve maternal health and promote safe motherhood.

11 clauses Mar 23, 2023
Healthcare Consumers Energy Production Education Federal Government

sres119-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Recognizing the 202nd anniversary of the independence of Greece and celebrating democracy in Greece and the United States.

1 clause Mar 23, 2023
Foreign Businesses Consumers

s924-118

Cosponsor Reported

To amend the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Development Act to extend the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park Commission.

0 clauses Mar 22, 2023

s920-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To reauthorize the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, and for other purposes.

53 clauses Mar 22, 2023
Financial Services Education Foreign Affairs Federal Government

sres115-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Supporting the goals and ideals of Countering International Parental Child Abduction Month and expressing the sense of the Senate that Congress should raise awareness of the harm caused by international parental child abduction.

0 clauses Mar 16, 2023

s841-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To authorize the Caribbean Basin Security Initiative, to enhance the United States-Caribbean security partnership, to prioritize natural disaster resilience, and for other purposes.

17 clauses Mar 16, 2023
Environmental Groups Disaster Relief And Emergency Management Education Federal Government

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Click an industry from the Impact Profile to view supporting clauses

Policy Mechanisms Used

Industry Focus Distribution