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Tim Kaine

Tim Kaine

D VA · Senate

2025–Present Senate
2023–2025 Senate
2021–2023 Senate
2019–2021 Senate
2017–2019 Senate
2015–2017 Senate
2013–2015 Senate
Vote Date:
to

Defense

-43
Helped 917 Hurt 960 Unclear 669

Healthcare

+160
Helped 583 Hurt 423 Unclear 683

Finance

+37
Helped 457 Hurt 420 Mixed 3 Unclear 192

Education

-55
Helped 285 Hurt 340 Unclear 321

Government Operations

-51
Helped 75 Hurt 126 Unclear 742

Energy

-110
Helped 253 Hurt 363 Unclear 122

Agriculture

+124
Helped 327 Hurt 203 Unclear 110

Transportation

-234
Helped 109 Hurt 343 Unclear 188

Veterans Affairs

+183
Helped 348 Hurt 165 Unclear 86

Foreign Policy

-60
Helped 229 Hurt 289 Mixed 1 Unclear 77

Environment

-3
Helped 177 Hurt 180 Unclear 197

Sanctions

-57
Helped 218 Hurt 275 Unclear 18

Labor

+43
Helped 178 Hurt 135 Unclear 177

Technology

+32
Helped 215 Hurt 183 Unclear 53

Foreign Affairs

-31
Helped 172 Hurt 203 Unclear 69

Trade

+13
Helped 179 Hurt 166 Unclear 36

Housing

+99
Helped 223 Hurt 124 Unclear 15

Criminal Justice

+3
Helped 170 Hurt 167 Unclear 23

Appropriations

+93
Helped 204 Hurt 111 Unclear 17

Federal Budget

+162
Helped 207 Hurt 45 Unclear 36
20 policy domains
Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

16125 industry impacts

All entities →
How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Direct (1717), Veterans Affairs (114), Defense (94), DoD (33), VA (19), USDA (18), Executive (16), Congress (14), Legislative (14), State (14), Treasury (12), Agriculture (11), CMS (9), Justice (8), Transportation (8), Education (7), NPS (7), Transportation Security (7), Oversight (6), DOJ (4), Foreign Affairs (4), ICE (4), Judiciary (4), State/Local (4), DHS (3), Legislative Branch (3), Cemeteries (2), FDA (2), FEMA (2), FTC (2), Federal (2), Homeland Security (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Law Enforcement (2), Local (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), State Department (2), DOI (1), Defense R&D (1), Election Workers (1), Employees (1), HHS (1), Intelligence (1), Judicial (1), Local Election Administration (1), Manufacturing (1)
Direct (479), Veterans (121), Military Families (16), Minority Voters (5), Voters (4), Military (3), District Of Columbia (2), Foreign (2), Native American Voters (2), Capital District (1), Language Minority Voters (1), Students (1)
Direct (312), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)
Direct (255), Patients (15), Research (15), Community (3), Tribal (3)
Direct (261), Child Care (3), HBCUs (1), HSIs (1), Immigrant Students (1), MSIs (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1), Tribal (1), Tribal/Native (1)
Direct (176), Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2)
Direct (157), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
Direct (149), Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (2), Education (1), Elections (1)

Negative-Effect Industries

Direct (1963), Defense (76), Veterans Affairs (66), EPA (22), State (17), Federal (12), HHS (12), State/Local (12), Education (11), NPS (11), FDA (10), Transportation (8), VA (8), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), Homeland Security (6), DOI (5), Foreign (5), CFPB (4), Foreign Affairs (4), Intelligence (4), Treasury (4), Treasury/IRS (4), DHS (3), Executive (3), General (3), Legislative (3), NOAA (3), NOAA/EPA (3), SEC (3), ATF (2), Acquisition (2), Congress (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Executive Branch (2), Local Election Administration (2), Military (2), State Election Administration (2), State Legislatures (2), State/Local Election Administration (2), USDA (2), Coast Guard (1), DoD (1), Energy/Defense (1), Executive Office (1), Housing (1), Interior Department (1), Justice (1), Law Enforcement (1), Local (1), NNSA (1), OPM (1), Oversight (1), Space Force (1), Strategic Command (1), Transportation Security (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), Waste Management (1)
Direct (230), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)
Direct (165), Veterans (20), Bad Actors (1), Taxpayers (1)
Direct (155), Elections (4), Non-Expansion (3), Education (2), Medicaid Programs (2), Motor Vehicles (2)
Direct (125), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2), Reproductive Health (2), Safety Net Providers (2)

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage
100.0% of votes
Show vote-alignment table
S+ Supported Benefits
S- Supported Burdens
O+ Opposed Benefits
O- Opposed Burdens
Industry S+ S- O+ O- Net
Government (58 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans Affairs (180), Defense (158), DoD (34), VA (23), EPA (22) +53 more
+135
General Public (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (141), Military Families (16), Military (3), Foreign (2), Taxpayers (1)
+230
Defense (14 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more
-14
Military (2 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Families (1), Space Force (1)
-1
Healthcare (8 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (15), Community (3), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Tribal (3), Family Planning Services (2) +3 more
+97
Education (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)
+2
Construction (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
+83
Taxpayers - - -18
Agriculture (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1)
+12
Manufacturing (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (7), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)
+15
Transportation +9
Immigration - - +107
Financial Services (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7), HSA Administration (2), Transgender Individuals (1)
-13
State & Local Government (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (4), Non-Expansion (3)
- +9
Energy (1 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Distributed Generation (1)
-20

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

s3688-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To increase the rates of pay under the statutory pay systems and for prevailing rate employees by 7.4 percent, and for other purposes.

2 clauses Jan 30, 2024
Labor

s3679-118

Primary Sponsor Reported

To reauthorize the Dr. Lorna Breen Health Care Provider Protection Act, and for other purposes.

4 clauses Jan 30, 2024

s3684-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To authorize a grant program for the development and implementation of housing supply and affordability plans, and for other purposes.

1 clause Jan 30, 2024
Federal Administration Education

sres534-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Expressing support for the recognition of January as Muslim-American Heritage Month and celebrating the heritage and culture of Muslim Americans in the United States.

1 clause Jan 25, 2024
Transportation

sres533-118

Cosponsor

Expressing support for the designation of January 21 through 27, 2024, as National Board Certified Teachers Week.

1 clause Jan 25, 2024
Education

s3675-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to create an innovation zone initiative, and for other purposes.

2 clauses Jan 25, 2024
Education

s3656-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To direct the President to designate a month as African Diaspora Heritage Month.

3 clauses Jan 24, 2024
Education

sres529-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Recognizing January 2024 as National Mentoring Month.

1 clause Jan 18, 2024

sres523-118

Cosponsor

Honoring the life and legacy of the late Senator Herb Kohl.

0 clauses Jan 11, 2024

sres521-118

Cosponsor

Commending Taiwan for its history of democratic elections, and expressing support of Taiwan's democratic institutions.

1 clause Jan 11, 2024

sres518-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Expressing solidarity with the people of Guatemala and urging the Government of Guatemala to permit a peaceful transfer of power to President-elect Bernardo Arévalo.

1 clause Jan 10, 2024
Energy Production

s3568-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend chapter 3081 of title 54, United States Code, to enhance the protection and preservation of America’s battlefields.

3 clauses Jan 10, 2024
Transportation Federal Administration Education Environmental Services

s3553-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To provide a retroactive effective date for the promotions of senior officers of the Armed Forces whose military promotions were delayed as a result of the suspension of Senate confirmation of such promotions.

1 clause Dec 14, 2023
Federal Administration Defense Contractors

sres505-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Condemning the use of sexual violence and rape as a weapon of war by the terrorist group Hamas against the people of Israel.

1 clause Dec 14, 2023
Transportation

s3547-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To require the United States Government to assist in the establishment of national security councils in specified countries.

2 clauses Dec 14, 2023
Federal Administration Defense Contractors

s3545-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Public Health Service Act with respect to public health data accessibility, and for other purposes.

3 clauses Dec 14, 2023
Pharmacy Hospitals Medical Laboratories Federal Government

s3509-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend title XXVII of the Public Health Service Act to provide for a special enrollment period for pregnant persons, and for other purposes.

4 clauses Dec 13, 2023
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

sres492-118

Cosponsor

Honoring the life of First Lady Rosalynn Carter.

0 clauses Dec 7, 2023

s3424-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To reauthorize the program for strengthening communities of recovery for individuals with substance use disorders.

0 clauses Dec 6, 2023

s3412-118

Cosponsor Reported

To redesignate the Richard H. Poff Federal Building located at 210 Franklin Road Southwest in Roanoke, Virginia, as the Reuben E. Lawson Federal Building, and for other purposes.

2 clauses Dec 6, 2023
Education

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Click an industry from the Impact Profile to view supporting clauses

Policy Mechanisms Used

Industry Focus Distribution