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Tim Kaine

Tim Kaine

D VA · Senate

2025–Present Senate
2023–2025 Senate
2021–2023 Senate
2019–2021 Senate
2017–2019 Senate
2015–2017 Senate
2013–2015 Senate
Vote Date:
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Defense

-43
Helped 917 Hurt 960 Unclear 669

Healthcare

+160
Helped 583 Hurt 423 Unclear 683

Finance

+37
Helped 457 Hurt 420 Mixed 3 Unclear 192

Education

-55
Helped 285 Hurt 340 Unclear 321

Government Operations

-51
Helped 75 Hurt 126 Unclear 742

Energy

-110
Helped 253 Hurt 363 Unclear 122

Agriculture

+124
Helped 327 Hurt 203 Unclear 110

Transportation

-234
Helped 109 Hurt 343 Unclear 188

Veterans Affairs

+183
Helped 348 Hurt 165 Unclear 86

Foreign Policy

-60
Helped 229 Hurt 289 Mixed 1 Unclear 77

Environment

-3
Helped 177 Hurt 180 Unclear 197

Sanctions

-57
Helped 218 Hurt 275 Unclear 18

Labor

+43
Helped 178 Hurt 135 Unclear 177

Technology

+32
Helped 215 Hurt 183 Unclear 53

Foreign Affairs

-31
Helped 172 Hurt 203 Unclear 69

Trade

+13
Helped 179 Hurt 166 Unclear 36

Housing

+99
Helped 223 Hurt 124 Unclear 15

Criminal Justice

+3
Helped 170 Hurt 167 Unclear 23

Appropriations

+93
Helped 204 Hurt 111 Unclear 17

Federal Budget

+162
Helped 207 Hurt 45 Unclear 36
20 policy domains
Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

16125 industry impacts

All entities →
How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Direct (1717), Veterans Affairs (114), Defense (94), DoD (33), VA (19), USDA (18), Executive (16), Congress (14), Legislative (14), State (14), Treasury (12), Agriculture (11), CMS (9), Justice (8), Transportation (8), Education (7), NPS (7), Transportation Security (7), Oversight (6), DOJ (4), Foreign Affairs (4), ICE (4), Judiciary (4), State/Local (4), DHS (3), Legislative Branch (3), Cemeteries (2), FDA (2), FEMA (2), FTC (2), Federal (2), Homeland Security (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Law Enforcement (2), Local (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), State Department (2), DOI (1), Defense R&D (1), Election Workers (1), Employees (1), HHS (1), Intelligence (1), Judicial (1), Local Election Administration (1), Manufacturing (1)
Direct (479), Veterans (121), Military Families (16), Minority Voters (5), Voters (4), Military (3), District Of Columbia (2), Foreign (2), Native American Voters (2), Capital District (1), Language Minority Voters (1), Students (1)
Direct (312), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)
Direct (255), Patients (15), Research (15), Community (3), Tribal (3)
Direct (261), Child Care (3), HBCUs (1), HSIs (1), Immigrant Students (1), MSIs (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1), Tribal (1), Tribal/Native (1)
Direct (176), Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2)
Direct (157), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
Direct (149), Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (2), Education (1), Elections (1)

Negative-Effect Industries

Direct (1963), Defense (76), Veterans Affairs (66), EPA (22), State (17), Federal (12), HHS (12), State/Local (12), Education (11), NPS (11), FDA (10), Transportation (8), VA (8), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), Homeland Security (6), DOI (5), Foreign (5), CFPB (4), Foreign Affairs (4), Intelligence (4), Treasury (4), Treasury/IRS (4), DHS (3), Executive (3), General (3), Legislative (3), NOAA (3), NOAA/EPA (3), SEC (3), ATF (2), Acquisition (2), Congress (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Executive Branch (2), Local Election Administration (2), Military (2), State Election Administration (2), State Legislatures (2), State/Local Election Administration (2), USDA (2), Coast Guard (1), DoD (1), Energy/Defense (1), Executive Office (1), Housing (1), Interior Department (1), Justice (1), Law Enforcement (1), Local (1), NNSA (1), OPM (1), Oversight (1), Space Force (1), Strategic Command (1), Transportation Security (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), Waste Management (1)
Direct (230), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)
Direct (165), Veterans (20), Bad Actors (1), Taxpayers (1)
Direct (155), Elections (4), Non-Expansion (3), Education (2), Medicaid Programs (2), Motor Vehicles (2)
Direct (125), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2), Reproductive Health (2), Safety Net Providers (2)

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage
100.0% of votes
Show vote-alignment table
S+ Supported Benefits
S- Supported Burdens
O+ Opposed Benefits
O- Opposed Burdens
Industry S+ S- O+ O- Net
Government (58 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans Affairs (180), Defense (158), DoD (34), VA (23), EPA (22) +53 more
+135
General Public (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (141), Military Families (16), Military (3), Foreign (2), Taxpayers (1)
+230
Defense (14 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more
-14
Military (2 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Families (1), Space Force (1)
-1
Healthcare (8 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (15), Community (3), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Tribal (3), Family Planning Services (2) +3 more
+97
Education (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)
+2
Construction (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
+83
Taxpayers - - -18
Agriculture (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1)
+12
Manufacturing (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (7), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)
+15
Transportation +9
Immigration - - +107
Financial Services (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7), HSA Administration (2), Transgender Individuals (1)
-13
State & Local Government (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (4), Non-Expansion (3)
- +9
Energy (1 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Distributed Generation (1)
-20

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

sres820-118

Cosponsor

Expressing support for the designation of the week of September 21 through September 28, 2024, as National Estuaries Week.

1 clause Sep 16, 2024
Health Care Providers

sres816-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Recognizing the 73rd anniversary of the signing of the Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States and the Philippines and the strong bilateral security alliance between our two nations in the wake of persistent and escalating aggression by the People’s Republic of China in the South China Sea.

1 clause Sep 12, 2024
Defense Contractors

s5051-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the National Trails System Act to direct the Secretary of the Interior to conduct a study on the feasibility of designating Washington’s Trail—1753 as a national historic trail, and for other purposes.

0 clauses Sep 12, 2024

s5037-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To strengthen the role of the United States with respect to the Indian Ocean region, and for other purposes.

6 clauses Sep 12, 2024
Foreign Affairs Federal Administration Defense Contractors Environmental Services

sres808-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Congratulating and expressing gratitude to Commander Jeremy Robertson and the crew of the USS Carney for their exemplary and historic performance during their 235-day deployment to the United States Naval Forces Europe-Africa and the United States Naval Forces Central Command.

1 clause Sep 11, 2024
Defense Contractors

s5022-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To designate the facility of the United States Postal Service located at 29 Franklin Street in Petersburg, Virginia, as the John Mercer Langston Post Office Building.

0 clauses Sep 11, 2024

s5010-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Social Security Act to provide retirement security to United States nationals who were unlawfully or wrongfully detained or held hostage abroad.

2 clauses Sep 10, 2024
Labor

sres804-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Recognizing Edmundo González Urrutia as the President-elect of Venezuela.

0 clauses Aug 1, 2024

s4964-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To provide for a comprehensive Federal response to Long COVID, including research, education, and support for affected individuals, to direct the National Institutes of Health to establish a Long COVID research program, and for other purposes.

18 clauses Aug 1, 2024
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s4961-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To transfer and limit Executive Branch authority to suspend or restrict the entry of a class of aliens.

4 clauses Aug 1, 2024
Agricultural Producers Federal Administration Environmental Services

sres800-118

Cosponsor

Condemning the attempted assassination of former President Donald J. Trump during a political rally in Butler, Pennsylvania, honoring the victims who were killed and injured at the rally, and calling for unity and civility in the United States.

0 clauses Aug 1, 2024

s4902-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To prevent discrimination, including harassment, in employment.

37 clauses Jul 31, 2024
Federal Administration Defense Contractors Labor Environmental Services

s4903-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act to require youth representation on each State workforce development board, and for other purposes.

1 clause Jul 31, 2024
Education

s4874-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to expand the employer-provided child care credit and the dependent care assistance exclusion.

3 clauses Jul 31, 2024
Education

s4880-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To implement or strengthen programs that increase the supply of quality child care services by enhancing the wages of child care workers, and for other purposes.

6 clauses Jul 31, 2024
Federal Administration Health Care Providers Education

s4867-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To require the Comptroller General of the United States to conduct, and submit to Congress a report describing the results of, a study that analyzes housing programs and services for older individuals under the Older Americans Act of 1965.

1 clause Jul 30, 2024
Health Care Providers

s4863-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To require an annual report on the unfunded programs, activities, and mission requirements within the Department of State and the United States Agency for International Development.

4 clauses Jul 30, 2024
Federal Administration Defense Contractors Environmental Services

s4844-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To provide for grants for States that require fair and impartial police training for law enforcement officers of that State and to incentivize States to enact laws requiring the independent investigation and prosecution of the use of deadly force by law enforcement officers, and for other purposes.

5 clauses Jul 30, 2024
Immigration Services Transportation Environmental Services

s4819-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To require an annual report on the unfunded programs, activities, and mission requirements within the Department of State and the United States Agency for International Development.

4 clauses Jul 29, 2024
Federal Administration Defense Contractors Environmental Services

sres772-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Recognizing the importance of independent living and economic self-sufficiency for individuals with disabilities made possible by the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and calling for further action to strengthen and expand opportunities for individuals with disabilities to participate in work and community life.

1 clause Jul 25, 2024
Health Care Providers

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Policy Mechanisms Used

Industry Focus Distribution