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Tim Kaine

Tim Kaine

D VA · Senate

2025–Present Senate
2023–2025 Senate
2021–2023 Senate
2019–2021 Senate
2017–2019 Senate
2015–2017 Senate
2013–2015 Senate
145
Sponsored
791
Cosponsored
658
Votes
Vote Date:
to

Defense

-43
Helped 917 Hurt 960 Unclear 669

Healthcare

+160
Helped 583 Hurt 423 Unclear 683

Finance

+37
Helped 457 Hurt 420 Mixed 3 Unclear 192

Education

-55
Helped 285 Hurt 340 Unclear 321

Government Operations

-51
Helped 75 Hurt 126 Unclear 742

Energy

-110
Helped 253 Hurt 363 Unclear 122

Agriculture

+124
Helped 327 Hurt 203 Unclear 110

Transportation

-234
Helped 109 Hurt 343 Unclear 188

Veterans Affairs

+183
Helped 348 Hurt 165 Unclear 86

Foreign Policy

-60
Helped 229 Hurt 289 Mixed 1 Unclear 77

Environment

-3
Helped 177 Hurt 180 Unclear 197

Sanctions

-57
Helped 218 Hurt 275 Unclear 18

Labor

+43
Helped 178 Hurt 135 Unclear 177

Technology

+32
Helped 215 Hurt 183 Unclear 53

Foreign Affairs

-31
Helped 172 Hurt 203 Unclear 69

Trade

+13
Helped 179 Hurt 166 Unclear 36

Housing

+99
Helped 223 Hurt 124 Unclear 15

Criminal Justice

+3
Helped 170 Hurt 167 Unclear 23

Appropriations

+93
Helped 204 Hurt 111 Unclear 17

Federal Budget

+162
Helped 207 Hurt 45 Unclear 36
20 policy domains
Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

16125 industry impacts

All entities →
How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Government 2195 P·17 C·482 Y·1649 N·1403 w:30.2
Direct (1717), Veterans Affairs (114), Defense (94), DoD (33), VA (19), USDA (18), Executive (16), Congress (14), Legislative (14), State (14), Treasury (12), Agriculture (11), CMS (9), Justice (8), Transportation (8), Education (7), NPS (7), Transportation Security (7), Oversight (6), DOJ (4), Foreign Affairs (4), ICE (4), Judiciary (4), State/Local (4), DHS (3), Legislative Branch (3), Cemeteries (2), FDA (2), FEMA (2), FTC (2), Federal (2), Homeland Security (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Law Enforcement (2), Local (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), State Department (2), DOI (1), Defense R&D (1), Election Workers (1), Employees (1), HHS (1), Intelligence (1), Judicial (1), Local Election Administration (1), Manufacturing (1)
General Public 637 P·12 C·262 Y·359 N·351 w:17.9
Direct (479), Veterans (121), Military Families (16), Minority Voters (5), Voters (4), Military (3), District Of Columbia (2), Foreign (2), Native American Voters (2), Capital District (1), Language Minority Voters (1), Students (1)
Defense 325 C·101 Y·209 N·123 w:1.6
Direct (312), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)
Healthcare 291 C·92 Y·197 N·190 w:5.7
Direct (255), Patients (15), Research (15), Community (3), Tribal (3)
Education 272 P·29 C·100 Y·143 N·121 w:21.6
Direct (261), Child Care (3), HBCUs (1), HSIs (1), Immigrant Students (1), MSIs (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1), Tribal (1), Tribal/Native (1)
Military 231 C·7 Y·224 N·109 w:1.5
Direct (230), Families (1)
Financial Services 204 C·121 Y·75 N·80 w:8.3
Direct (195), HSA (7), HSA Administration (2)
Agriculture 184 P·3 C·26 Y·155 N·151 w:6.8
Direct (176), Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2)
Construction 160 C·3 Y·156 N·132 w:0.8
Direct (157), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
State & Local Government 159 P·6 C·78 Y·73 N·67 w:8.2
Direct (149), Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (2), Education (1), Elections (1)

Negative-Effect Industries

Government 2345 P·82 C·1234 Y·955 N·840 w:82.6
Direct (1963), Defense (76), Veterans Affairs (66), EPA (22), State (17), Federal (12), HHS (12), State/Local (12), Education (11), NPS (11), FDA (10), Transportation (8), VA (8), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), Homeland Security (6), DOI (5), Foreign (5), CFPB (4), Foreign Affairs (4), Intelligence (4), Treasury (4), Treasury/IRS (4), DHS (3), Executive (3), General (3), Legislative (3), NOAA (3), NOAA/EPA (3), SEC (3), ATF (2), Acquisition (2), Congress (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Executive Branch (2), Local Election Administration (2), Military (2), State Election Administration (2), State Legislatures (2), State/Local Election Administration (2), USDA (2), Coast Guard (1), DoD (1), Energy/Defense (1), Executive Office (1), Housing (1), Interior Department (1), Justice (1), Law Enforcement (1), Local (1), NNSA (1), OPM (1), Oversight (1), Space Force (1), Strategic Command (1), Transportation Security (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), Waste Management (1)
Transportation 291 P·2 C·215 Y·74 N·44 w:7.9
Defense 234 P·2 C·84 Y·142 N·60 w:2.7
Direct (230), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)
General Public 187 P·11 C·45 Y·129 N·120 w:6.2
Direct (165), Veterans (20), Bad Actors (1), Taxpayers (1)
Education 173 P·19 C·65 Y·89 N·85 w:16.2
Financial Services 170 P·6 C·110 Y·51 N·53 w:12.0
Direct (169), Transgender Individuals (1)
State & Local Government 168 P·6 C·106 Y·54 N·56 w:6.7
Direct (155), Elections (4), Non-Expansion (3), Education (2), Medicaid Programs (2), Motor Vehicles (2)
Military 137 C·2 Y·132 N·56 w:0.7
Direct (136), Space Force (1)
Healthcare 136 P·2 C·24 Y·103 N·105 w:3.4
Direct (125), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2), Reproductive Health (2), Safety Net Providers (2)
Environment 128 P·12 C·64 Y·51 N·52 w:17.4

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage
100.0% of votes
Show vote-alignment table
S+ Supported Benefits
S- Supported Burdens
O+ Opposed Benefits
O- Opposed Burdens
Industry S+ S- O+ O- Net
Government (58 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans Affairs (180), Defense (158), DoD (34), VA (23), EPA (22) +53 more
+135
General Public (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (141), Military Families (16), Military (3), Foreign (2), Taxpayers (1)
+230
Defense (14 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more
-14
Military (2 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Families (1), Space Force (1)
-1
Healthcare (8 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (15), Community (3), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Tribal (3), Family Planning Services (2) +3 more
+97
Education (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)
+2
Construction (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)
+83
Taxpayers - - -18
Agriculture (5 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1)
+12
Manufacturing (4 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (7), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)
+15
Transportation +9
Immigration - - +107
Financial Services (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7), HSA Administration (2), Transgender Individuals (1)
-13
State & Local Government (3 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (4), Non-Expansion (3)
- +9
Energy (1 sub)
Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Distributed Generation (1)
-20

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

All Roles Sponsor Cosponsor
All Industries Defense Education Environment Financial Services General Public Government Healthcare Military State & Local Government Transportation
Clear

s2120-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Older Americans Act Reauthorization Act of 2025

42 clauses Jun 18, 2025
State and Local Government Federal Government Administration Elderly Population Individual Caregivers

s2096-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Daniel J. Harvey, Jr. and Adam Lambert Improving Servicemember Transition to Reduce Veteran Suicide Act

1 clause Jun 17, 2025
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s2058-119

Cosponsor In Committee

El Salvador Accountability Act of 2025

5 clauses Jun 12, 2025
Federal Administration Financial Services Defense Contractors Environmental Services

s1970-119

Cosponsor In Committee

MACV–SOG Congressional Gold Medal Act

3 clauses Jun 5, 2025
Federal Administration Financial Services Transportation Defense Contractors

s1985-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Safe Operations of Shared Airspace Act of 2025

12 clauses Jun 5, 2025
Air Transportation Federal Government - Transportation Federal Government - Defense Federal Government - General

s1932-119

Cosponsor In Committee

VALID Act of 2025

4 clauses Jun 3, 2025
Financial Services Veterans Defense Contractors

s1793-119

Cosponsor Introduced

To protect the United States and assets of the United States from incursions.

1 clause May 15, 2025
Federal Administration Defense Contractors

s1784-119

Cosponsor In Committee

MAPS Act

5 clauses May 15, 2025
Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s1731-119

Cosponsor Reported

To require the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense to develop a strategy in response to the global basing intentions of the People’s Republic of China.

9 clauses May 13, 2025
Federal Government - Intelligence Federal Government - Foreign Affairs Federal Government - Defense Federal Government - Legislative

s1632-119

Cosponsor Introduced

To provide for greater defense workforce integration, and for other purposes.

4 clauses May 7, 2025
Federal Administration Defense Contractors

s1585-119

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend title 5, United States Code, to provide that a rule relating to a reduction in force is subject to review under chapter 8 of that title, and for other purposes.

1 clause May 1, 2025
Defense Contractors

s1531-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Assault Weapons Ban of 2025

4 clauses Apr 30, 2025
Financial Services Health Care Providers Defense Contractors Immigration Services

s1503-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Equality Act

10 clauses Apr 29, 2025
Mental Health Services Legal Services Advocacy Organizations Government

s1408-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Chesapeake National Recreation Area Act of 2025

7 clauses Apr 10, 2025
Tourism Defense Fisheries Government - DOI

s1369-119

Primary Sponsor Reported

Protecting Global Fisheries Act of 2026

9 clauses Apr 9, 2025
Fisheries Banking Foreign Affairs Wildlife

s1292-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Save Our Seafood Act

1 clause Apr 3, 2025
Defense Contractors

s1220-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Savings Opportunity and Affordable Repayment Act

2 clauses Apr 1, 2025
Federal Administration Defense Contractors

s1032-119

Cosponsor In Committee

Major Richard Star Act

1 clause Mar 13, 2025
Defense Contractors

s1027-119

Primary Sponsor In Committee

Military Spouse Hiring Act

1 clause Mar 13, 2025
Defense Contractors

s914-119

Cosponsor Introduced

To make veteran Federal employees who were involuntarily dismissed without cause eligible for reinstatement, to require reports from Executive agencies on the number of veteran employees fired from such agencies, and for other purposes.

1 clause Mar 10, 2025
Defense Contractors
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Policy Mechanisms Used

Industry Focus Distribution