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Kevin Cramer

Analysis

R ND · Senate

2025–Present Senate

2023–2025 Senate

2021–2023 Senate

2019–2021 Senate

2017–2019 House Of Representatives

2015–2017 House Of Representatives

2013–2015 House Of Representatives

Defense

-53

Helped 803 Hurt 856 Unclear 745

Government Operations

-14

Helped 149 Hurt 163 Unclear 947

Healthcare

+70

Helped 419 Hurt 349 Unclear 377

Environment

-10

Helped 150 Hurt 160 Unclear 742

Finance

-18

Helped 382 Hurt 400 Mixed 1 Unclear 212

Energy

+16

Helped 327 Hurt 311 Unclear 192

Veterans Affairs

+197

Helped 364 Hurt 167 Unclear 94

Agriculture

+102

Helped 307 Hurt 205 Unclear 109

Education

-19

Helped 185 Hurt 204 Mixed 1 Unclear 206

Transportation

-50

Helped 97 Hurt 147 Unclear 122

Housing

+122

Helped 224 Hurt 102 Unclear 14

Trade

+19

Helped 161 Hurt 142 Unclear 33

Appropriations

+93

Helped 203 Hurt 110 Unclear 17

Federal Budget

+162

Helped 207 Hurt 45 Unclear 36

Foreign Policy

-24

Helped 102 Hurt 126 Mixed 1 Unclear 30

Criminal Justice

+18

Helped 122 Hurt 104 Unclear 24

Immigration

-114

Helped 29 Hurt 143 Unclear 61

Labor

-17

Helped 59 Hurt 76 Unclear 87

Technology

+15

Helped 101 Hurt 86 Unclear 28

Foreign Affairs

-9

Helped 57 Hurt 66 Unclear 31

20 policy domains

Helped Hurt Mixed Unclear

Industry Impact Profile

12713 industry impacts

All entities →

How this is computed

P Primary sponsor · C Co-sponsor · Y Yea vote · N Nay vote

Weighted score (w:) uses strongest role per bill. Weights: Primary 1.0, Co-sponsor 0.3, Yea 0.1, Nay -0.1.

Bills where the legislator voted nay (without sponsorship) contribute -0.1 per bill. Equal yea and nay roll calls on the same bill contribute 0.

Vote date filters affect vote attribution; sponsorship is always included.

Positive-Effect Industries

Government 1838 P·5 C·138 Y·1696 N·1356 w:14.7

Direct (1408), Veterans Affairs (114), Defense (93), DoD (33), VA (19), Executive (16), USDA (16), Agriculture (12), Legislative (12), Congress (11), Treasury (11), CMS (9), NPS (7), State (7), Justice (6), Oversight (6), DOJ (4), Education (4), Foreign Affairs (4), ICE (4), Judiciary (4), DHS (3), Transportation (3), Cemeteries (2), FDA (2), FEMA (2), Housing (2), Interior/USDA (2), International Development (2), Local (2), Military Logistics (2), NASA (2), SBA (2), SSA (2), DOD (1), Defense R&D (1), Executive Branch (1), HHS (1), Intelligence (1), Judicial (1), Legislative Branch (1), Manufacturing (1), Military Personnel (1), State Department (1)

General Public 391 C·28 Y·363 N·347 w:3.6

Direct (249), Veterans (121), Military Families (16), Military (3), Foreign (2)

Defense 245 C·21 Y·224 N·108 w:1.6

Direct (232), Naval (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1), Missiles (1), Missiles/Hypersonics (1), Nuclear C3 (1), Rotorcraft (1), Small Business (1), Small/Innovative (1), Space Systems (1)

Healthcare 238 P·1 C·38 Y·198 N·189 w:3.7

Direct (215), Research (15), Community (3), Tribal (3), Consulting (1), Patients (1)

Military 228 C·4 Y·224 N·109 w:0.5

Direct (227), Families (1)

Education 191 C·48 Y·143 N·121 w:8.4

Direct (185), Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)

Construction 186 C·29 Y·157 N·131 w:1.8

Direct (183), Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)

State & Local Government 186 P·3 C·108 Y·75 N·65 w:4.9

Direct (178), Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (2)

Agriculture 180 P·2 C·23 Y·155 N·151 w:5.7

Direct (170), Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Fruits & Vegetables (1), Meat Processing (1)

Financial Services 155 P·6 C·66 Y·82 N·73 w:9.6

Direct (146), HSA (7), HSA Administration (2)

Negative-Effect Industries

Government 1646 P·34 C·586 Y·1028 N·767 w:57.5

Direct (1359), Veterans Affairs (66), Defense (65), EPA (22), Education (11), NPS (11), HHS (10), FDA (9), Agriculture (7), BLM (7), Forest Service (7), Foreign (5), CFPB (4), Treasury/IRS (4), VA (4), DHS (3), DOJ (3), Executive (3), Legislative (3), NOAA (3), NOAA/EPA (3), SEC (3), Acquisition (2), Congress (2), Defense Acquisition (2), Executive Branch (2), Intelligence (2), Military (2), Military Dependents (2), Military Personnel (2), Treasury (2), Coast Guard (1), DoD (1), Energy/Defense (1), Executive Agencies (1), FDIC (1), Federal Reserve (1), Housing (1), Interior Department (1), NNSA (1), OCC (1), Space Force (1), State & Local (1), Strategic Command (1), U.S. Coast Guard (1), USDA (1), Waste Management (1)

Defense 151 C·3 Y·148 N·54 w:0.9

Direct (147), Nuclear (2), Logistics (1), Maintenance (1)

General Public 151 C·21 Y·130 N·119 w:2.8

Direct (130), Veterans (20), Taxpayers (1)

Financial Services 148 P·13 C·81 Y·54 N·50 w:11.4

Direct (147), Transgender Individuals (1)

Healthcare 139 C·29 Y·110 N·98 w:2.1

Direct (128), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Family Planning Services (2), Public Health (2), Reproductive Health (2), Safety Net Providers (2)

Military 136 C·1 Y·135 N·53 w:0.5

Direct (135), Space Force (1)

Immigration 127 Y·127 N·127 w:-0.1

Education 125 C·36 Y·89 N·85 w:6.6

Environment 99 P·2 C·45 Y·52 N·51 w:10.7

Taxpayers 91 P·1 C·5 Y·85 N·85 w:1.8

Click any row to see supporting clauses

Showing positive and negative-direction effects only. Mixed and uncertain effects are not included in these counts.

Votes by Industry (Yea/Nay Alignment)

How this legislator's Yea/Nay votes landed across industries; distinct from overall bill exposure above.

Analysis coverage

100.0% of votes

Show vote-alignment table

S+ Supported Benefits

S- Supported Burdens

O+ Opposed Benefits

O- Opposed Burdens

Industry	O+	O-	Net
Government (58 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans Affairs (180), Defense (158), DoD (34), VA (23), EPA (22) +53 more			+533
General Public (5 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Veterans (141), Military Families (16), Military (3), Foreign (2), Taxpayers (1)			+240
Defense (14 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Naval (2), Nuclear (2), Testing (2), Ammunition (1), Ground Vehicles (1) +9 more			+78
Military (2 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Families (1), Space Force (1)			+29
Healthcare (8 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Research (15), Community (3), Gender-Affirming Care (3), Tribal (3), Family Planning Services (2) +3 more			+75
Education (4 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Child Care (3), Immigrant Students (1), Religious Studies (1), Technical (1)			+34
Construction (3 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Federal/Military (1), Military/Pacific (1), Utilities/Infrastructure (1)		-	+107
Taxpayers	-	-	+18
Agriculture (5 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Coffee (2), Commodities (2), Hemp (2), Livestock (2), Coffee Production (1)	-		+142
Manufacturing (4 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Foreign (7), Electrical Equipment (2), Defense (1), Foreign Adversary (1)			+7
Transportation			+13
Immigration		-	-109
Financial Services (3 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): HSA (7), HSA Administration (2), Transgender Individuals (1)			+39
State & Local Government (3 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Medicaid (6), Medicaid Programs (4), Non-Expansion (3)			+3
Energy (1 sub) Sub-categories (total impacts, all buckets): Distributed Generation (1)			+28

Votes are cast on entire bills; attribution to individual clauses does not imply clause-level intent. Learn more

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Sponsored & Cosponsored Bills

All Roles Sponsor Cosponsor

All Industries Agriculture Construction Defense Education Financial Services General Public Government Healthcare Military State & Local Government

s3239-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to fingerprint noncitizen minors entering the United States who are suspected of being victims of human trafficking, to require the Secretary to publicly disclose the number of such minors who are fingerprinted by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officials and the number of child traffickers who are apprehended by CBP, to impose criminal penalties on noncitizen adults who use unrelated minors to gain entry into the United States, and for other purposes.

6 clauses Nov 7, 2023

Trade Transportation Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s3211-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To enhance our Nation’s nurse and physician workforce by recapturing unused immigrant visas.

1 clause Nov 2, 2023

Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s3208-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To provide for a biennial budget process and a biennial appropriations process and to enhance oversight and the performance of the Federal Government.

9 clauses Nov 2, 2023

Transportation Federal Administration Environmental Services

s3209-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To authorize grants for crime victims to be distributed to angel families, and for other purposes.

3 clauses Nov 2, 2023

Transportation Federal Administration Health Care Providers

s3187-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To require the Department of Homeland Security to publish various publications and reports regarding the number of aliens seeking entry along the southern border of the United States.

4 clauses Nov 1, 2023

Federal Administration Environmental Services

s3172-118

Primary Sponsor Introduced

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to include certain over-the-counter dietary supplement products and foods for special dietary uses as qualified medical expenses.

1 clause Oct 31, 2023

Health Care Providers

sres435-118

Cosponsor

Recognizing the week of October 30 through November 4, 2023, as National Veterans Small Business Week.

1 clause Oct 26, 2023

Defense Contractors

s3143-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To establish postmarket reporting requirements for pharmaceuticals, and for other purposes.

2 clauses Oct 26, 2023

Federal Administration Health Care Providers

sres431-118

Cosponsor

Recognizing the month of October 2023 as National Women's Small Business Month.

1 clause Oct 25, 2023

Environmental Services

s3111-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the National Dam Safety Program Act to reauthorize and improve that Act, and for other purposes.

1 clause Oct 24, 2023

Education

sres426-118

Cosponsor

Designating November 4, 2023, as National Bison Day.

1 clause Oct 24, 2023

Federal Administration

s3082-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To amend the Federal Water Pollution Control Act to make changes with respect to water quality certification, and for other purposes.

1 clause Oct 19, 2023

Environmental Services

sres417-118

Cosponsor

Standing with Israel against terrorism.

1 clause Oct 19, 2023

sres420-118

Cosponsor

Designating Betty K. Koed as Historian Emerita of the United States Senate.

0 clauses Oct 19, 2023

s3094-118

Cosponsor Introduced

To prohibit the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency from finalizing, implementing, or enforcing a proposed rule with respect to emissions from vehicles, and for other purposes.

2 clauses Oct 19, 2023

Environmental Services

sres413-118

Cosponsor In Committee

Condemning foreign nationals in the United States who have endorsed and espoused the actions of foreign terrorist organizations (FTO) in Gaza who, on October 7, 2023, launched attacks against the State of Israel, and killed innocent Israeli and United States citizens.

1 clause Oct 18, 2023

Defense Contractors