S1744-119

Passed Senate

PORCUPINE Act

119th Congress Introduced May 13, 2025

Summary

What This Bill Does

The PORCUPINE Act changes Arms Export Control Act procedures so Taiwan receives the same expedited certification and reporting treatment that currently applies to specified U.S. allies and partners. It inserts Taiwan into AECA provisions governing government-to-government sales, commercial export licenses, congressional notifications, and related reporting thresholds.

The bill also requires the Secretary of State to assess whether the United States can create an expedited licensing path for NATO members, Japan, Australia, South Korea, Israel, and New Zealand to transfer or retransfer U.S.-origin defense articles and services to Taiwan. A rule of construction preserves the Taiwan Relations Act framework, and the bill sunsets after seven years.

Who Benefits and How

Taiwan benefits from faster arms-sale treatment and the possibility of quicker third-party transfers from close U.S. allies. U.S. defense contractors and the defense industrial base benefit if accelerated procedures support more predictable Taiwan-related sales and transfers. NATO members, Japan, Australia, South Korea, Israel, and New Zealand benefit from a potential streamlined pathway for helping Taiwan with U.S.-origin equipment.

Who Bears the Burden and How

The State Department and arms-transfer licensing officials must implement Taiwan's new AECA treatment and conduct the expedited-licensing feasibility assessment within 90 days. Congressional oversight committees must absorb the revised notification framework. The policy may also increase diplomatic friction with the People's Republic of China or other actors opposing stronger Taiwan defense support.

Key Provisions

  • Amends AECA Section 3 to add Taiwan to expedited government-transfer certification language.
  • Amends AECA reporting provisions so Taiwan receives treatment comparable to listed allies and partners.
  • Requires the Secretary of State to assess expedited third-party transfer licensing for allies sending U.S.-origin defense items to Taiwan.
  • Covers transfers and retransfers from NATO members, Japan, Australia, South Korea, Israel, and New Zealand.
  • Preserves the Taiwan Relations Act policy framework.
  • Sunsets the Act seven years after enactment.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Adds Taiwan to expedited Arms Export Control Act certification and reporting procedures and requires a State Department assessment of expedited third-party transfer licensing for allies sending U.S.-origin defense articles to Taiwan.

Key Policy Areas

Defense, Foreign Policy, Trade

Primary Purpose

Adds Taiwan to expedited Arms Export Control Act certification and reporting procedures and requires a State Department assessment of expedited third-party transfer licensing for allies sending U.S.-origin defense articles to Taiwan.

Policy Domains

Defense Foreign Policy Trade

Whole bill

Identified Gains
  • Taiwan government
  • U.S. defense contractors
  • NATO defense ministries
  • Japan defense ministry
  • Australia defense department
  • South Korea defense ministry
  • Israel defense ministry
  • New Zealand defense ministry
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: es
Taiwan government: , ,
Japan defense ministry: , ,
Israel defense ministry: , ,
NATO defense ministries: , ,
U.S. defense contractors: , ,
Australia defense department: , ,
New Zealand defense ministry: , ,
South Korea defense ministry: , ,
Identified Costs
  • Department of State
  • State Department arms licensing bureau
  • Congressional oversight committees
  • People's Republic of China foreign ministry
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: es
Department of State: , ,
Congressional oversight committees: , ,
State Department arms licensing bureau: , ,
People's Republic of China foreign ministry: , ,

Legislative Progress

Passed Senate
Introduced Committee Passed
Dec 15, 2025

Held at the desk.

Dec 15, 2025

Received in the House.

Dec 15, 2025

Message on Senate action sent to the House.

Dec 11, 2025

Passed Senate with an amendment by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR …

Dec 11, 2025

Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate with an amendment by …

Oct 30, 2025

Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. …

Oct 30, 2025

Reported by Mr. Risch, with an amendment

Oct 30, 2025 (inferred)

Passed Senate (inferred from es version)

Oct 30, 2025

Committee on Foreign Relations. Reported by Senator Risch with an …

Oct 22, 2025

Committee on Foreign Relations. Ordered to be reported with an …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Defense
9 mentions across 4 clauses
+8 positive ?1 uncertain

Allied nations (NATO, Japan, Australia, South Korea, Israel, New Zealand), Defense contractors, NATO member countries, Japan, Australia, South Korea, Israel, New Zealand

Government
5 mentions across 4 clauses
+2 positive -2 negative ?1 uncertain

Congressional oversight committees, State Department, State Department licensing bureau

Positive-direction: Congressional oversight committees

Negative-direction: State Department, State Department licensing bureau

5/8
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Defense Foreign Policy Trade

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology