S1197-119

In Committee

SNAP Reform and Upward Mobility Act of 2025

119th Congress Introduced Mar 27, 2025

Summary

What This Bill Does

The bill requires Census Bureau to collect comprehensive data on federal benefits, market income, and tax data to develop a more accurate measure of poverty that includes the value of government assistance programs, establishes an 8-member bipartisan Commission on Valuation of Federal Benefits to recommend how to value non-cash benefits for poverty measurement purposes. Authorized appropriation of 1 million dollars, and requires GAO to submit biennial reports starting in 2028 comparing poverty rates under current methods versus the new supplementary data collection method. It relies on compliance mandates, reporting requirements, definition changes, and appropriations. The main policy areas are Social Welfare, Agriculture, Poverty, and Food Assistance.

Who Benefits and How

State SNAP fraud investigation units could gain revenue opportunities, Federal government (USDA) could see lower costs, and Federal government (reduced enrollment) could see lower costs.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Census Bureau would take on compliance duties, State governments administering SNAP could face higher costs, and Retail food stores convicted of SNAP trafficking could lose revenue opportunities.

Key Provisions

  • Requires Census Bureau to collect comprehensive data on federal benefits, market income, and tax data to develop a more accurate measure of poverty that includes the value of government assistance programs.
  • Establishes an 8-member bipartisan Commission on Valuation of Federal Benefits to recommend how to value non-cash benefits for poverty measurement purposes. Authorized appropriation of 1 million dollars.
  • Requires GAO to submit biennial reports starting in 2028 comparing poverty rates under current methods versus the new supplementary data collection method.
  • Requires strengthens SNAP work requirements by adding program purpose language promoting employment and self-sufficiency, raising age limit for ABAWDs from 55 to 64, reducing state waiver capacity from 15% to 5%...
  • Requires Secretary of Agriculture to report on employment outcomes of SNAP participants in training programs, comparing job placement, retention, and wage increases with non-participants.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

The bill requires Census Bureau to collect comprehensive data on federal benefits, market income, and tax data to develop a more accurate measure of poverty that includes the value of government assistance programs, establishes an 8-member bipartisan Commission on Valuation of Federal Benefits to recommend how to value non-cash benefits for poverty measurement purposes. Authorized appropriation of 1 million dollars, and requires GAO to submit biennial reports starting in 2028 comparing poverty rates under current methods versus the new supplementary data collection method.

Key Policy Areas

Social Welfare, Agriculture, Poverty, Food Assistance

Primary Purpose

The bill requires Census Bureau to collect comprehensive data on federal benefits, market income, and tax data to develop a more accurate measure of poverty that includes the value of government assistance programs, establishes an 8-member bipartisan Commission on Valuation of Federal Benefits to recommend how to value non-cash benefits for poverty measurement purposes. Authorized appropriation of 1 million dollars, and requires GAO to submit biennial reports starting in 2028 comparing poverty rates under current methods versus the new supplementary data collection method.

Policy Domains

Social Welfare Agriculture Poverty Food Assistance

Title I - Poverty Measurement

Identified Gains
  • State SNAP fraud investigation units
  • Federal government (USDA)
  • Federal government (reduced enrollment)
  • State fraud investigation units
  • Married couples with children on SNAP
Model: codex-gpt-5:bulk-repair | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is
Federal government (USDA):
State fraud investigation units:
State SNAP fraud investigation units:
Married couples with children on SNAP:
Federal government (reduced enrollment):
Identified Costs
  • Census Bureau
  • State governments administering SNAP
  • Retail food stores convicted of SNAP trafficking
  • Able-bodied adults without dependents (ABAWDs) ages 55-64
  • State SNAP agencies (reduced waiver flexibility)
Model: codex-gpt-5:bulk-repair | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is
Census Bureau: ,
State governments administering SNAP:
Retail food stores convicted of SNAP trafficking:
State SNAP agencies (reduced waiver flexibility):
Able-bodied adults without dependents (ABAWDs) ages 55-64:

Legislative Progress

In Committee
Introduced Committee Passed
Mar 27, 2025

Mr. Lee introduced the following bill; which was read twice …

Mar 27, 2025

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, …

Mar 27, 2025

Introduced in Senate

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Government
8 mentions across 8 clauses
+2 positive -6 negative

Census Bureau, Department of Agriculture, Federal government

Federal government faces effects in multiple directions

Positive-direction: Federal government (reduced enrollment)

Negative-direction: Census Bureau, Department of Agriculture, Government Accountability Office, USDA Food and Nutrition Service

Nutrition Assistance Recipients
5 mentions across 4 clauses
+1 positive -4 negative

Able-bodied adults without dependents (ABAWDs) ages 55-64, Married couples with children on SNAP, SNAP applicants using categorical eligibility

Positive-direction: Married couples with children on SNAP

Negative-direction: Able-bodied adults without dependents (ABAWDs) ages 55-64, SNAP applicants using categorical eligibility, SNAP households sharing EBT cards, SNAP participants under fraud investigation

State & Local Government
5 mentions across 5 clauses
+2 positive -3 negative

State SNAP agencies, State SNAP agencies (reduced waiver flexibility), State SNAP fraud investigation units

Positive-direction: State SNAP fraud investigation units, State fraud investigation units

Negative-direction: State SNAP agencies, State SNAP agencies (reduced waiver flexibility), State governments administering SNAP

Retail
2 mentions across 1 clause
+1 positive -1 negative

Compliant retail food stores, Retail food stores convicted of SNAP trafficking

Positive-direction: Compliant retail food stores

Negative-direction: Retail food stores convicted of SNAP trafficking

Research & Science
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Policy researchers and analysts

Labor
1 mention across 1 clause
-1 negative

SNAP employment and training programs

General Public
1 mention across 1 clause
-1 negative

State taxpayers

12/16
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Social Welfare Agriculture Poverty Food Assistance
Actor Mappings
"the_director"
→ Director of the Census Bureau
"the_comptroller_general"
→ Comptroller General of the United States
Domains
Food Assistance Employment Fraud Prevention
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Agriculture

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

3 terms
"Federal benefit" §101a

A benefit, refundable tax credit, or other form of assistance provided under enumerated programs including EITC, CTC, SNAP, Medicaid, housing assistance, and others

"resource unit" §101b

All co-resident individuals related by birth, marriage, or adoption, plus co-resident unrelated children, foster children, and unmarried partners and their relatives

"market income" §101c

Individual income from earnings, interest, dividends, rents, royalties, employer-sponsored health insurance, and other forms as determined by the Director

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology