HR8873-119

Reported

Recover COVID Unemployment Fraud in Banks Act

119th Congress Introduced May 19, 2026

Summary

What This Bill Does

The Recover COVID Unemployment Fraud in Banks Act directs the Labor Secretary, consulting Treasury, the Department of Labor Inspector General, and the Attorney General, to designate a National Recovery Coordinator. Within 30 days, that coordinator must convene a Recover Pandemic Unemployment Funds in Banks Task Force with Justice, Labor, the Labor Inspector General, Treasury, the FDIC, and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. The task force must help identify federal pandemic unemployment payments left on prepaid debit cards held by financial institutions or transferred to state unclaimed-property agencies.

The task force must create model processes and guidance for recovering funds in a cost-effective way. State unemployment agencies get guidance on improper-payment review, fraud and identity-theft handling, state-law recovery pathways, and standardized methods for returning recovered federal funds. Financial institutions and state unclaimed-property administrators get parallel guidance. Labor must reimburse states for administrative costs tied to this recovery work. The bill also gives federal civil and criminal fraud enforcement a 10-year limitations period for pandemic unemployment programs such as PUA, FPUC, MEUC, and PEUC, except where the prior limitations period already expired.

Who Benefits and How

Federal taxpayers benefit if dormant or fraud-linked pandemic unemployment funds are recovered and returned to the federal government. State unemployment agencies benefit from model processes, federal guidance, and reimbursement of administrative costs. Labor fraud-recovery staff benefit from a named coordinator and interagency task force. Identity theft victims benefit because the guidance must address identity-theft resources with CFPB involvement. Justice Department prosecutors and DOL Inspector General investigators benefit from a longer 10-year enforcement window for pandemic unemployment fraud.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Financial institutions holding prepaid debit card balances must work with federal and state recovery guidance. State unclaimed-property agencies must identify and return relevant pandemic unemployment funds. State unemployment agencies must review improper payments and route recovered money under federal guidance. Pandemic unemployment fraud defendants face a longer limitations period. Labor, Treasury, FDIC, CFPB, DOJ, and the Labor Inspector General must coordinate the task force and produce guidance.

Key Provisions

  • Creates a Labor-designated National Recovery Coordinator for pandemic unemployment fund recovery.
  • Establishes an interagency task force including Labor, Treasury, Justice, FDIC, CFPB, and the Labor Inspector General.
  • Directs guidance to state unemployment agencies, financial institutions, and state unclaimed-property administrators.
  • Requires Labor to reimburse states for administrative costs tied to recovery work.
  • Extends civil and criminal pandemic unemployment fraud limitations periods to 10 years for covered programs.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Creates a Labor-led task force to recover pandemic unemployment payments sitting on prepaid debit cards or with unclaimed property agencies, directs guidance to states, banks, and unclaimed-property administrators, reimburses state administrative costs, and extends fraud enforcement limitations periods to 10 years.

Key Policy Areas

Unemployment Insurance, COVID Relief, Fraud Recovery, Banking

Primary Purpose

Creates a Labor-led task force to recover pandemic unemployment payments sitting on prepaid debit cards or with unclaimed property agencies, directs guidance to states, banks, and unclaimed-property administrators, reimburses state administrative costs, and extends fraud enforcement limitations periods to 10 years.

Policy Domains

Unemployment Insurance COVID Relief Fraud Recovery Banking

House resolution provisions

Identified Gains
  • Federal taxpayers
  • State unemployment agencies
  • Labor fraud recovery staff
  • Identity theft victims
  • Justice Department prosecutors
  • DOL Inspector General investigators
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: rh
Federal taxpayers: , , ,
Identity theft victims: , , ,
Labor fraud recovery staff: , , ,
State unemployment agencies: , , ,
Justice Department prosecutors: , , ,
DOL Inspector General investigators: , , ,
Identified Costs
  • Financial institutions holding prepaid debit funds
  • State unclaimed property agencies
  • State unemployment agencies
  • Pandemic unemployment fraud defendants
  • Federal task force agencies
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: rh
Federal task force agencies: , , ,
State unemployment agencies: , , ,
State unclaimed property agencies: , , ,
Pandemic unemployment fraud defendants: , , ,
Financial institutions holding prepaid debit funds: , , ,

Legislative Progress

Reported
Introduced Committee Passed
May 29, 2026

Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 585.

May 29, 2026

Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Ways and Means. H. …

May 29, 2026

Additional sponsor: Mr. Feenstra

May 29, 2026

Additional sponsor: Mr. Feenstra

May 21, 2026

Ordered to be Reported in the Nature of a Substitute …

May 21, 2026

Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held

May 19, 2026

Ms. Van Duyne (for herself and Mr. Suozzi) introduced the …

May 19, 2026

Referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means.

May 19, 2026

Introduced in House

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Government
9 mentions across 6 clauses
+9 positive

DOL Inspector General investigators, Taxpayers

Financial Services
6 mentions across 3 clauses
-6 negative

Financial institutions holding prepaid debit funds, State unemployment agencies

Law Enforcement
6 mentions across 3 clauses
+3 positive -3 negative

Justice Department prosecutors, Pandemic unemployment fraud defendants

Positive-direction: Justice Department prosecutors

Negative-direction: Pandemic unemployment fraud defendants

Labor
3 mentions across 3 clauses
-3 negative

Labor National Recovery Coordinator

State & Local Government
3 mentions across 3 clauses
-3 negative

State unclaimed property agencies

Consumers
3 mentions across 3 clauses
+3 positive

Identity theft victims

Professional Services
3 mentions across 3 clauses
-3 negative

Defense counsel in fraud cases

3/3
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Unemployment Insurance COVID Relief Fraud Recovery Banking
Actor Mappings
"doj"
→ Attorney General
"cfpb"
→ Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
"fdic"
→ Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
"labor"
→ Secretary of Labor
"treasury"
→ Secretary of the Treasury

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology