To suspend normal trade relations with the People’s Republic of China and to increase the rates of duty applicable with respect to articles imported from the People’s Republic of China, and for other purposes.
Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.
Summary
This bill would revoke China's permanent normal trade relations status and impose dramatically higher tariffs on all Chinese imports. The minimum tariff would be 35% ad valorem (up from current rates averaging 3.4%), with 100% tariffs on specified strategic articles. Chinese goods would be valued based on U.S. market prices rather than Chinese export prices. The bill eliminates the de minimis () duty exemption for goods from China and other covered nations, closing a loophole used by e-commerce platforms. A trust fund funded by Chinese tariff revenue would compensate U.S. producers hurt by Chinese retaliation. The USITC receives additional appropriations of .6M (2025) and M annually thereafter.
Evidence Chain:
This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers.
At a Glance
What This Bill Does
Suspend normal trade relations with China, impose sharply higher tariffs on all Chinese imports (minimum 35% ad valorem, 100% for specified articles), eliminate the de minimis duty exemption for Chinese goods, establish a retaliation compensation trust fund, and modify WTO concessions accordingly.
Who Benefits
- Domestic U.S. manufacturers competing with Chinese imports
- U.S. agricultural producers (via retaliation compensation fund)
- U.S. International Trade Commission (additional funding)
Who Bears Costs
- U.S. consumers and businesses importing from China (higher prices)
- Chinese exporters to the U.S.
- U.S. retailers and e-commerce platforms relying on de minimis entries
Key Policy Areas
Trade Policy, National Security
Primary Purpose
Suspend normal trade relations with China, impose sharply higher tariffs on all Chinese imports (minimum 35% ad valorem, 100% for specified articles), eliminate the de minimis duty exemption for Chinese goods, establish a retaliation compensation trust fund, and modify WTO concessions accordingly.
Policy Domains
Legislative Strategy
"Revoke China's normal trade relations and impose punitive tariffs (column 2 rates with 35% floor, 100% for strategic goods) to decouple U.S.-China trade, while establishing a trust fund to compensate U.S. producers harmed by Chinese retaliation."
Sponsors
Legislative Progress
IntroducedMr. Moolenaar (for himself and Mr. Suozzi) introduced the following …
Stakeholder Effects
cui bono?How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.
Commodity Credit Corporation, Customs and Border Protection, People's Republic of China
U.S. International Trade Commission faces effects in multiple directions
Positive-direction: Commodity Credit Corporation
Negative-direction: Customs and Border Protection, People's Republic of China, U.S. Trade Representative
Chinese exporters to the United States, U.S. domestic manufacturers competing with Chinese imports, U.S. domestic producers
Positive-direction: U.S. domestic manufacturers competing with Chinese imports, U.S. domestic producers, U.S. manufacturers affected by Chinese retaliation
Negative-direction: Chinese exporters to the United States
Importers of Chinese goods, Importers of Chinese merchandise, World Trade Organization member states
E-commerce platforms shipping from China (Temu, Shein, AliExpress), U.S. consumers purchasing low-value Chinese goods online, U.S. domestic retailers and manufacturers
Positive-direction: U.S. domestic retailers and manufacturers
Negative-direction: E-commerce platforms shipping from China (Temu, Shein, AliExpress), U.S. consumers purchasing low-value Chinese goods online
U.S. agricultural producers affected by Chinese retaliation
Bill Structure & Actor Mappings
Who is "The Secretary" in each section?
- "the_president"
- → President of the United States
- "the_commissioner"
- → Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection
- "the_ustr"
- → United States Trade Representative
- "the_secretary"
- → Secretary of the Treasury
- "the_secretary_of_agriculture"
- → Secretary of Agriculture
Key Definitions
Terms defined in this bill
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States
The price at which imported or similar merchandise is freely offered for sale in the principal U.S. market to all purchasers at time of importation
As defined in 10 USC 4872, referring to China and other adversary nations
We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.
Learn more about our methodology