HR3494-118

Introduced

To create dedicated funds to conserve butterflies in North America, plants in the Pacific Islands, freshwater mussels in the United States, and desert fish in the Southwest United States, and for other purposes.

118th Congress Introduced May 18, 2023

Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.

Summary

What This Bill Does

This bill creates four dedicated conservation funds to protect endangered species across different ecosystems: butterflies throughout North America, native plants in Pacific Islands, freshwater mussels in U.S. rivers, and desert fish in the Southwest. Each fund receives $5 million per year for six years (FY2024-2029), totaling $120 million in authorized spending.

Who Benefits and How

Conservation organizations, research institutions, state agencies, and tribal nations benefit through competitive grants for habitat protection, species monitoring, and community education projects. The Secretary of the Interior administers all four funds. Environmental groups gain new funding streams for endangered species work outside the traditional Endangered Species Act framework.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Taxpayers fund the programs through federal appropriations ($20 million annually across all four funds). Federal agencies cannot lead projects or receive direct funding, though they can participate as partners.

Key Provisions

  • Creates North America Butterfly Conservation Fund for monarchs and other imperiled butterflies
  • Establishes Pacific Islands Plant Conservation Fund for Hawaiian and territorial plant species
  • Creates Freshwater Mussel Conservation Fund for one of the most endangered animal groups in North America
  • Establishes Southwest Desert Fish Conservation Fund for species in Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Colorado

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Establishes four conservation funds to protect endangered species: butterflies in North America, plants in the Pacific Islands, freshwater mussels in the United States, and desert fish in the Southwest United States.

Key Policy Areas

Environment, Wildlife Conservation, Federal Spending

Primary Purpose

Establishes four conservation funds to protect endangered species: butterflies in North America, plants in the Pacific Islands, freshwater mussels in the United States, and desert fish in the Southwest United States.

Policy Domains

Environment Wildlife Conservation Federal Spending

Title I - North America Butterfly Conservation Fund Act of 2023

Identified Gains
  • Conservation nonprofits
  • Research institutions
  • State wildlife agencies
  • Tribal nations
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
Tribal nations:
Research institutions:
Conservation nonprofits:
State wildlife agencies:
Identified Costs
  • Federal taxpayers
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
Federal taxpayers:

Title II - Pacific Islands Plant Conservation Fund Act of 2023

Identified Gains
  • Conservation organizations
  • Pacific Island territories
  • Research institutions
  • State agencies
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
State agencies:
Research institutions:
Conservation organizations:
Pacific Island territories:
Identified Costs
  • Federal taxpayers
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
Federal taxpayers:

Title IV - Southwest Desert Fish Conservation Fund Act of 2023

Identified Gains
  • Conservation nonprofits
  • Research institutions
  • State wildlife agencies
  • Tribal nations
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
Tribal nations:
Research institutions:
Conservation nonprofits:
State wildlife agencies:
Identified Costs
  • Federal taxpayers
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
Federal taxpayers:

Title III - Freshwater Mussel Conservation Fund Act of 2023

Identified Gains
  • Conservation nonprofits
  • Research institutions
  • State wildlife agencies
  • Tribal nations
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
Tribal nations:
Research institutions:
Conservation nonprofits:
State wildlife agencies:
Identified Costs
  • Federal taxpayers
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
Federal taxpayers:

Legislative Progress

Introduced
Introduced Committee Passed
May 18, 2023

Mr. Grijalva (for himself, Mrs. Dingell, Mr. Sablan, Mr. Cohen, …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Government
15 mentions across 15 clauses
+7 positive -8 negative

Department of the Interior, Southwest tribal nations, Tribal natural resources departments

Department of the Interior faces effects in multiple directions

Environment
8 mentions across 8 clauses
+8 positive

Conservation grant recipients, Conservation nonprofits focused on desert aquatic ecosystems, Conservation nonprofits focused on freshwater ecosystems

State & Local Government
5 mentions across 4 clauses
+5 positive

Hawaii state agencies, Pacific Island territorial governments, Southwest state fish and wildlife agencies

Taxpayers
4 mentions across 4 clauses
-4 negative

Taxpayers

Research & Science
4 mentions across 4 clauses
+4 positive

Botanical research institutions, Desert fish research institutions, University and research institutions studying butterflies

24/29
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Environment Wildlife Conservation Federal Spending
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Interior
"secretary_of_treasury"
→ Secretary of the Treasury
Domains
Environment Wildlife Conservation Federal Spending
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Interior
"secretary_of_treasury"
→ Secretary of the Treasury
Domains
Environment Wildlife Conservation Federal Spending
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Interior
"secretary_of_treasury"
→ Secretary of the Treasury
Domains
Environment Wildlife Conservation Federal Spending
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Interior
"secretary_of_treasury"
→ Secretary of the Treasury

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

10 terms
"North America butterfly conservation" §103

The use of all methods and procedures necessary to protect habitats of butterflies in North America and of butterflies in those habitats, including protection, restoration, and management of habitats; research and monitoring; management plans; law enforcement; and community outreach.

"Pacific Islands plant conservation" §203

The use of all methods and procedures necessary to protect species of plants in the Pacific Islands including protection, restoration, and management of ecosystems; research and monitoring; management plans; law enforcement; and community outreach.

"United States freshwater mussel conservation" §303

The use of all methods and procedures necessary to protect habitats of freshwater mussel species in the United States and of the freshwater mussel species in those habitats.

"Southwest desert fish conservation" §403

The use of all methods and procedures necessary to protect habitats of desert fish species in the Southwest and of the desert fish species in those habitats.

"freshwater mussel/mussels" §303_mussel

Any member of the order Unionida.

"butterfly/butterflies" §103_butterfly

Any member of the order Lepidoptera.

"Southwest" §403_southwest

The States of Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah.

"desert fish" §403_desert_fish

Any member of the class Osteichthyes living in a desert ecosystem.

"North America" §103_north_america

The United States, Canada, Mexico, and Caribbean nations including Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and Trinidad and Tobago.

"Pacific Islands" §203_pacific_islands

The Hawaiian Islands and the United States territories of Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands.

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology