HR3205-118

Introduced

To disrupt the international fentanyl supply chain, and for other purposes.

118th Congress Introduced May 11, 2023

Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.

Summary

What This Bill Does

The Project Precursor Act takes a multi-pronged approach to combat fentanyl trafficking from Mexico and China. It authorizes $64 million for Mexican law enforcement capacity building, requires public diplomacy campaigns to delegitimize cartels, mandates sanctions on foreign persons involved in opioid trafficking, and directs the State Department to seek adding fentanyl to the Chemical Weapons Convention.

Who Benefits and How

U.S. law enforcement and national security agencies gain new tools and funding to combat fentanyl trafficking. Mexican law enforcement agencies receive equipment, training, and capacity building support. The Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs receives significant new authority and appropriations.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Mexican drug cartels (Sinaloa, Jalisco New Generation, etc.) face sanctions, asset freezing, and visa bans. Chinese banks and money transmitters operating in China/Mexico face potential foreign opioid trafficker designations. Chinese state and non-state actors involved in precursor chemicals face increased scrutiny and reporting. Foreign persons involved in fentanyl trafficking face IEEPA sanctions and immigration bars.

Key Provisions

  • Authorizes $64 million for Mexican law enforcement capacity building on fentanyl interdiction
  • Requires sanctions on foreign persons involved in cartel fentanyl trafficking
  • Mandates determination of whether Chinese/Mexican banks are foreign opioid traffickers
  • Directs effort to add fentanyl substances to Chemical Weapons Convention schedules

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Combats fentanyl trafficking by strengthening Mexican law enforcement capacity, imposing sanctions on traffickers and cartels, and seeking international controls on fentanyl as a chemical weapon

Key Policy Areas

Drug Policy, Foreign Policy, National Security

Primary Purpose

Combats fentanyl trafficking by strengthening Mexican law enforcement capacity, imposing sanctions on traffickers and cartels, and seeking international controls on fentanyl as a chemical weapon

Policy Domains

Drug Policy Foreign Policy National Security

Title I - Mexico Law Enforcement Capacity Building

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • U.S. law enforcement agencies
  • Mexican law enforcement agencies
  • Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Mexican drug cartels
  • Fentanyl trafficking networks
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Title II - Chemical Weapons Convention Amendment

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • International drug enforcement cooperation
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Chemical manufacturers producing fentanyl precursors
  • States Parties to Chemical Weapons Convention
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Title III - Fentanyl Sanctions

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • U.S. Treasury OFAC
  • Congressional oversight committees
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Chinese and Mexican banks
  • Money transmitters
  • Mexican cartels
  • Foreign persons trafficking fentanyl
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Legislative Progress

Introduced
Introduced Committee Passed
May 11, 2023

Mr. McCaul introduced the following bill; which was referred to …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Other
14 mentions across 9 clauses
+1 positive -13 negative

Cartel members seeking U.S. visas, Entities subject to fentanyl sanctions, Foreign persons designated under section 311

Positive-direction: USMCA trade participants

Negative-direction: Cartel members seeking U.S. visas, Entities subject to fentanyl sanctions, Foreign persons designated under section 311, Foreign persons involved with Mexican cartels, Illicit fentanyl manufacturers, Mexican drug cartels, Mexican drug cartels (Sinaloa, CJNG, etc.), Mexican drug cartels (recruitment), Mexican transnational criminal organizations, Named Mexican drug cartels, Successor organizations to named cartels, U.S. businesses dealing with sanctioned persons, U.S. persons with blocked property transactions

Government
11 mentions across 9 clauses
+5 positive -5 negative ?1 uncertain

Bureau of Global Public Affairs, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs

Positive-direction: Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, Congressional intelligence oversight, Congressional oversight committees, Fentanyl Sanctions Act enforcement regime, Intelligence Community

Negative-direction: Bureau of Global Public Affairs, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Executive branch (White House/NSC), State Department (CWC delegation), Treasury OFAC

Depository Credit Intermediation
3 mentions across 2 clauses
-3 negative

Chinese banks operating in PRC, Foreign banks operating in China or Mexico, Mexican banks

Manufacturing
2 mentions across 2 clauses
-2 negative

Chinese precursor chemical suppliers in Mexico, Global pharmaceutical/chemical manufacturers

Other Financial Investment Activities
2 mentions across 2 clauses
-2 negative

Large money transmitters globally, Money transmitting businesses ($25M+ volume)

Measuring And Controlling Devices
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

U.S. drug detection equipment manufacturers

Social Services
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Humanitarian aid organizations

Agriculture
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Agricultural commodity traders

13/14
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Drug Policy Foreign Policy
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of State
"assistant_secretary"
→ Assistant Secretary of Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
Domains
Foreign Policy Drug Policy
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of State
Domains
National Security Drug Policy
Actor Mappings
"the_president"
→ President of the United States

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

3 terms
"transnational criminal organization" §321

Organizations designated under 31 CFR 590, including Sinaloa Cartel, Jalisco New Generation Cartel, Gulf Cartel, Los Zetas, Juarez Cartel, Tijuana Cartel, Beltran-Levya Cartel, La Familia Michoacana/Knights Templar, and La Nueva Familia Michoacan

"covered fentanyl substance" §201_fentanyl

Fentanyl including isomers, esters, ethers, salts; any controlled substance analogue of fentanyl; any immediate precursor of fentanyl

"trafficking" §321_trafficking

Has the meaning given 'opioid trafficking' in section 7203 of the Fentanyl Sanctions Act

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology