HR1422-119

What This Bill Does

The Enhanced Iran Sanctions Act of 2025 states a U.S. policy to fully enforce sanctions against Iran, especially its petroleum and petrochemical sectors, to deny Iran resources for nuclear weapons capabilities, weapons of mass destruction, missiles and drones, terrorism, destabilizing activity, targeting U.S. citizens, and repression of Iranian citizens. It expands the State Department Rewards for Justice program to cover identification of people attempting to evade sanctions with proceeds from transactions involving Iranian oil, condensates, petroleum, or petrochemical products. It authorizes the President to impose sanctions on foreign persons knowingly engaged in significant transactions related to processing, refining, export, transfer, or sale of Iranian petroleum or petrochemical products, as well as subsidiaries, corporate officers, immediate family members who demonstrably benefit, and parties conducting significant transactions with persons covered by the Stop Harboring Iranian Petroleum Act. Sanctions include blocking property under IEEPA and visa inadmissibility, visa ineligibility, exclusion, parole ineligibility, and visa revocation. The bill requires regulations or guidance within 60 days and applies IEEPA civil and criminal penalties. It preserves exceptions for U.N. headquarters obligations, intelligence, law enforcement, national security, humanitarian goods and assistance, vessel crew safety and environmental protection, case-by-case waivers, and importation of goods. The sanctions authority ceases 30 days after the President certifies Iran no longer supports international terrorism and has verifiably dismantled nuclear, biological, chemical, ballistic missile, and launch technology pursuits.

Who Benefits and How

U.S. foreign-policy officials benefit because the bill adds sanctions tools against Iranian oil and petrochemical revenue. Rewards for Justice informants benefit from eligibility for rewards tied to identifying sanctions evaders. Iranian citizens opposing repression benefit indirectly from a policy aimed at reducing resources available to Iran's government for repression and destabilizing activity. U.S. national-security agencies benefit from preserved intelligence, law-enforcement, and national-security exceptions. Humanitarian organizations benefit from explicit exceptions for agricultural commodities, food, medicine, medical devices, humanitarian assistance, and related transactions. Vessel crews benefit from provisions allowing safety and care supplies even when a vessel is otherwise connected to sanctions.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Foreign persons involved in significant Iranian petroleum or petrochemical transactions face blocked property and visa sanctions. Subsidiaries, corporate officers, principal executive officers, and family members who demonstrably benefit can also be sanctioned. Counterparties transacting with covered Stop Harboring Iranian Petroleum Act persons face sanctions exposure. The President must issue implementing regulations or guidance within 60 days and report detailed justifications for waivers and renewals. Financial institutions, traders, refiners, shipping firms, and petrochemical companies touching Iranian products must manage higher sanctions risk and due diligence burdens.

Key Provisions

• Expands Rewards for Justice to identify Iranian petroleum and petrochemical sanctions evaders.
• Authorizes property-blocking sanctions for significant Iranian oil, condensate, petroleum, or petrochemical transactions.
• Authorizes visa inadmissibility, revocation, and exclusion sanctions for covered aliens.
• Extends exposure to subsidiaries, corporate officers, benefiting immediate family members, and certain counterparties.
• Requires implementation regulations or guidance within 60 days.
• Provides humanitarian, intelligence, law-enforcement, national-security, vessel-safety, waiver, and import exceptions.
• Terminates the sanctions authority after presidential certification on terrorism support and verified dismantlement of weapons and missile programs.