HR1151-118

In Committee

To hold the People’s Republic of China accountable for the violation of United States airspace and sovereignty with its high-altitude surveillance balloon.

118th Congress Introduced Feb 24, 2023

Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.

Summary

What This Bill Does
This bill, the "USA Act" (Upholding Sovereignty of Airspace Act), responds to Chinese high-altitude surveillance balloons that violated U.S. and allied airspace. It requires diplomatic coordination with allies, export control reviews, and authorizes sanctions against Chinese officials running the balloon surveillance program.

Who Benefits and How
- U.S. national security through coordinated international response to Chinese surveillance activities.
- Allied nations gain U.S. intelligence sharing about China's global balloon program and coordinated tracking efforts.
- Taiwan receives U.S. support for participation in International Civil Aviation Organization events and meetings.

Who Bears the Burden and How
- Chinese officials managing the surveillance balloon program face potential asset freezes, property blocking, visa bans, and inadmissibility to the United States.
- Chinese aerospace entities already on the Entity List face continued export restrictions.
- U.S. exporters of balloon and airship technology may face additional export control requirements after Commerce Department review.

Key Provisions
- Requires State Department to develop diplomatic strategy to inform allies and build consensus against China's balloon program
- Directs Commerce Department to evaluate and report on export controls for balloon/airship-related technologies within 180 days
- Authorizes President to impose sanctions (asset blocking, visa bans) on Chinese individuals directly managing the surveillance balloon program
- Calls for U.S. to counter Chinese misinformation about the balloon program at international forums
- References February 2023 Entity List additions of 6 Chinese aerospace entities

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Holds China accountable for its high-altitude surveillance balloon program through diplomatic coordination with allies, export controls on related technologies, and sanctions on individuals managing the program.

Key Policy Areas

Foreign Affairs, National Security, Trade, Sanctions

Primary Purpose

Holds China accountable for its high-altitude surveillance balloon program through diplomatic coordination with allies, export controls on related technologies, and sanctions on individuals managing the program.

Policy Domains

Foreign Affairs National Security Trade Sanctions

Legislative Progress

In Committee
Introduced Committee Passed
Apr 18, 2023

Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign …

Feb 24, 2023

Mr. Meeks (for himself and Mr. McCaul) introduced the following …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Law Enforcement
3 mentions across 3 clauses
+3 positive

Law enforcement, justice-system actors, and affected communities

2/6
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Foreign Affairs National Security Trade
Actor Mappings
"dni"
→ Director of National Intelligence
"president"
→ President of the United States
"secretary_of_state"
→ Secretary of State
"secretary_of_commerce"
→ Secretary of Commerce

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology