S725-119

Passed Senate

Enhancing First Response Act

119th Congress Introduced Feb 25, 2025

Summary

What This Bill Does

Requires the Federal Communications Commission to give the public more usable information after major disasters disrupt communications networks. For any event where the Disaster Information Reporting System is active for at least seven days, the FCC must hold a public hearing and then issue a report covering broadband, VoIP, commercial mobile, mobile-data, and 911 outage impacts, including affected users, affected infrastructure, and recommendations for network resiliency or recovery. The bill also makes the FCC study whether 911 outage notifications should include visual information and whether current reporting thresholds miss important outages.

Who Benefits and How

Public safety answering points, first responders, 911 directors, emergency managers, State governments, local governments, Indian tribal governments, and residents in disaster areas benefit from clearer outage information and public FCC recommendations after prolonged disasters. Public safety telecommunicators benefit because the Office of Management and Budget must categorize them as protective service workers in the Standard Occupational Classification system, correcting how their lifesaving work is represented in federal labor statistics. Congress benefits from an FCC Inspector General report on whether multi-line telephone system manufacturers and vendors are complying with Kari's Law direct-911 dialing and notification requirements.

Who Bears the Burden and How

The FCC must hold annual disaster-outage hearings, publish post-activation reports, investigate 911 outage-notification gaps, and avoid disclosing company-specific confidential data. Communications service providers, broadband providers, commercial mobile providers, interconnected VoIP providers, electric utilities, and communications infrastructure companies face more public scrutiny when their networks are affected by disasters. OMB must update the SOC classification within 30 days, and the FCC Office of Inspector General must report within 180 days on Kari's Law enforcement and compliance issues for multi-line telephone system manufacturers and vendors.

Key Provisions

  • Requires FCC public hearings after Disaster Information Reporting System activations lasting at least seven days.
  • Requires FCC reports on broadband, VoIP, commercial mobile, mobile-data, caller-location, caller-number, and emergency-call-routing outages.
  • Directs the FCC to study visual outage information for public safety agencies and identify 911 outages that current thresholds may miss.
  • Requires OMB to classify public safety telecommunicators as protective service workers under the Standard Occupational Classification system.
  • Requires the FCC Inspector General to publish a Kari's Law enforcement report on multi-line telephone system manufacturer and vendor compliance.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Improves disaster and emergency-calling transparency by requiring FCC outage hearings and reports after major Disaster Information Reporting System activations, studying 911 outage-notification gaps, reclassifying public safety telecommunicators as protective service workers, and reviewing Kari's Law enforcement.

Key Policy Areas

Telecommunications, Emergency Services, Federal Workforce

Primary Purpose

Improves disaster and emergency-calling transparency by requiring FCC outage hearings and reports after major Disaster Information Reporting System activations, studying 911 outage-notification gaps, reclassifying public safety telecommunicators as protective service workers, and reviewing Kari's Law enforcement.

Policy Domains

Telecommunications Emergency Services Federal Workforce

Section 2 - FCC disaster and 911 outage transparency

Identified Gains
  • Public safety answering points
  • First responders and emergency managers
  • State, local, and Indian tribal governments
  • Residents in disaster-affected communities
  • Congressional committees overseeing emergency communications
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: es
Public safety answering points:
First responders and emergency managers:
Residents in disaster-affected communities:
State, local, and Indian tribal governments:
Congressional committees overseeing emergency communications:
Identified Costs
  • Federal Communications Commission
  • Broadband internet access service providers
  • Commercial mobile service providers
  • Interconnected VoIP service providers
  • Communications infrastructure companies
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: es
Federal Communications Commission:
Commercial mobile service providers:
Interconnected VoIP service providers:
Communications infrastructure companies:
Broadband internet access service providers:

Section 4 - Kari's Law enforcement review

Identified Gains
  • Congressional oversight committees
  • Emergency callers using multi-line telephone systems
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: es
Congressional oversight committees:
Emergency callers using multi-line telephone systems:
Identified Costs
  • FCC Office of Inspector General
  • Multi-line telephone system manufacturers
  • Multi-line telephone system vendors
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: es
FCC Office of Inspector General:
Multi-line telephone system vendors:
Multi-line telephone system manufacturers:

Section 3 - Public safety telecommunicator occupational classification

Identified Gains
  • Public safety telecommunicators
  • 911 dispatcher workers
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: es
911 dispatcher workers:
Public safety telecommunicators:
Identified Costs
  • Office of Management and Budget
  • Federal statistical agencies
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: es
Federal statistical agencies:
Office of Management and Budget:

Legislative Progress

Passed Senate
Introduced Committee Passed
Sep 11, 2025

Held at the desk.

Sep 11, 2025

Received in the House.

Sep 11, 2025

Message on Senate action sent to the House.

Sep 10, 2025

Passed Senate with an amendment by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR …

Sep 10, 2025

Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate with an amendment by …

Sep 2, 2025

Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. …

Sep 2, 2025

Reported by Mr. Cruz, with an amendment

Sep 2, 2025 (inferred)

Passed Senate (inferred from es version)

Sep 2, 2025

Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Reported by Senator Cruz …

Apr 30, 2025

Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Ordered to be reported …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Government
10 mentions across 9 clauses
-10 negative

Bureau of Labor Statistics, FCC Office of Inspector General, Federal Communications Commission

Telecommunications
8 mentions across 6 clauses
-8 negative

Broadband internet access service providers, Commercial mobile service providers, Multi-line telephone system manufacturers

Emergency Services
7 mentions across 6 clauses
+7 positive

First responders in disaster areas, Public Safety Answering Points (PSAPs), Public safety answering points

4/8
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Telecommunications Emergency Services
Actor Mappings
"system"
→ Disaster Information Reporting System
"commission"
→ Federal Communications Commission
"public_safety_answering_point"
→ Public safety answering point
Domains
Emergency Services Federal Workforce
Actor Mappings
"director"
→ Director of the Office of Management and Budget
Domains
Telecommunications Emergency Services
Actor Mappings
"inspector_general"
→ Inspector General of the Federal Communications Commission

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

2 terms
"Disaster Information Reporting System" §2

The FCC system whose activation after disasters triggers hearings and communications-outage reports under the bill.

"public safety answering point" §2(a)

A 911 call center as defined in the Communications Act and FCC emergency-calling rules.

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology