S59-118

Enrolled (Passed Congress)

To implement merit-based reforms to the civil service hiring system that replace degree-based hiring with skills- and competency-based hiring.

118th Congress Introduced Jan 24, 2023

Legislative Progress

Enrolled (Passed Congress)
Introduced Committee Passed
Jan 24, 2023

Ms. Sinema (for herself, Mr. Hagerty, Mr. Lankford, and Mr. …

Jan 24, 2023

Ms. Sinema (for herself, Mr. Hagerty, Mr. Lankford, and Mr. …

Jan 24, 2023

Ms. Sinema (for herself, Mr. Hagerty, Mr. Lankford, and Mr. …

Jan 24, 2023

Ms. Sinema (for herself, Mr. Hagerty, Mr. Lankford, and Mr. …

Jan 24, 2023 (inferred)

Passed Senate (inferred from es version)

Jan 24, 2023 (inferred)

Passed House (inferred from enr version)

Jan 24, 2023 (inferred)

Enrolled Bill (inferred from enr version)

Summary

What This Bill Does

This bill reforms federal hiring to focus on skills and competencies rather than college degrees. Agencies must develop skills-based assessments and cannot require degrees unless truly necessary for the job.

Who Benefits and How

  • Job seekers without degrees gain access to federal jobs based on skills
  • Federal agencies can hire from a broader, more diverse talent pool
  • Veterans and skilled workers benefit from competency-based evaluation
  • Taxpayers may benefit from better job-skills matching

Who Bears the Burden and How

  • OPM must develop skills-based examination guidance
  • Federal agencies must revise job requirements and develop new assessments
  • HR offices face transition costs for new hiring processes
  • Applicants with only degrees may face more competition

Key Provisions

  • Requires competency-based examinations for federal hiring
  • Limits degree requirements to jobs where truly necessary
  • Defines subject matter experts for developing assessments
  • Requires passing scores based on skills demonstration
  • OPM must issue guidance on skills-based hiring
  • Agencies must report on implementation
Model: claude-opus-4
Generated: Jan 8, 2026 04:50

Evidence Chain:

This summary is derived from the structured analysis below. See "Detailed Analysis" for per-title beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

Primary Purpose

Replaces degree-based federal hiring with skills- and competency-based hiring to expand the talent pool for federal jobs.

Policy Domains

Federal Employment Civil Service Reform Workforce Development

Legislative Strategy

"Modernize federal hiring by removing unnecessary degree barriers"

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Federal Employment Civil Service Reform
Actor Mappings
"director"
→ Director of OPM

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

2 terms
"examination" §examination

Process by which applicant demonstrates knowledge, skills, abilities, and competencies

"subject matter expert" §subject_matter_expert

Employee who understands duties and required skills for a position

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology