S4726-119

What This Bill Does

The reported PEACE in Sudan Act directs State, Treasury, Defense, the intelligence community, Justice, Commerce, Labor, Agriculture, and the U.S. Mission to the United Nations to coordinate a five-year response to Sudan's war. Within 90 days and semiannually, State and the Director of National Intelligence must report on foreign arms, combatants, drones, intelligence support, sanctions evasion, business interests, non-state armed groups, private military companies, resource trafficking, and violations of U.S. end-use rules and the U.N. arms embargo. State must separately report on atrocities since April 15, 2023, including child recruitment, starvation, sexual violence, attacks on civilians, humanitarian obstruction, medical and religious targeting, ethnic violence, and chemical-weapons monitoring. A 180-day strategy must address negotiations, staffing, partner coordination, the war economy, foreign military support, humanitarian access, reconstruction, trade, and potential U.S. investment, followed by congressional briefings every 90 days. State, Treasury, and Justice must assess Sudanese armed actors for specially designated global terrorist status. The President may block property, prohibit loans, credit, and foreign exchange, revoke visas, and impose IEEPA penalties on foreign persons supporting belligerents, atrocities, arms-embargo violations, resource smuggling, humanitarian obstruction, attacks on civilians, private military activity, or efforts to block civilian government. Intelligence, law-enforcement, food, medicine, agriculture, humanitarian, and goods-import activities are protected by exceptions. Treasury must oppose premature long-term international reconstruction or capacity-building support that benefits covered actors, while lifesaving basic-needs projects remain exempt and a national-security waiver is available. The reported bill bars direct institutional, debt-relief, and security assistance to Sudan, subject to waiver, but removes the introduced blanket bar on nonhumanitarian development assistance. It extends the Special Envoy for Sudan authority from two to five years; requires an updated business advisory on Sudanese gold, gum arabic, smuggling, and military-linked entities; assesses sanctions coordination and expansion of the U.N. arms embargo; and requires annual reports on U.S. aid and military leaders' foreign-held assets. Several requirements terminate after a verified peace and cessation of atrocities, while the entire Act sunsets after five years and does not authorize military force.

Who Benefits and How

Sudanese civilian communities, atrocity survivors, journalists, medical providers, aid workers, religious communities, children vulnerable to recruitment, and recipients of food, shelter, health, water, and sanitation assistance may gain diplomatic pressure, better public attribution, humanitarian exemptions, and sanctions aimed at conflict enablers. Humanitarian organizations and basic-needs projects remain eligible for protected transactions and international financing. Congressional committees, sanctions officials, diplomats, intelligence analysts, and international partners gain recurring information on foreign intervention, atrocities, war-economy networks, arms-embargo violations, and military assets. U.S. reconstruction investors and regional developers gain a framework for possible transparent post-conflict trade and investment after a credible peace.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Foreign governments, Sudanese armed leaders, private military companies, arms suppliers, resource smugglers, banks, and commercial actors that support the war face investigation, public exposure, blocked property, credit and foreign-exchange restrictions, visa loss, or IEEPA penalties. Government of Sudan institutions and security forces lose specified U.S. and international support unless a waiver or humanitarian exception applies. State, Treasury, Defense, Justice, the intelligence community, U.S. financial institutions, consular officers, aid administrators, international-finance representatives, and the U.N. mission assume extensive screening, strategy, reporting, briefing, licensing, and coordination work. The final bill narrows some introduced funding prohibitions and time-limits the package, reducing but not eliminating those burdens.

Key Provisions

• Requires semiannual reports on foreign military support, non-state armed groups, war-economy businesses, arms transfers, and atrocities.
• Directs a 180-day ceasefire, accountability, humanitarian, reconstruction, and investment strategy with quarterly briefings.
• Authorizes property blocking, financial restrictions, visa revocation, and IEEPA penalties against qualifying foreign persons.
• Exempts intelligence, law enforcement, food, medicine, agriculture, humanitarian transactions, and goods imports from specified sanctions.
• Restricts premature international reconstruction support and direct U.S. institutional, debt-relief, and security assistance.
• Extends the Special Envoy for Sudan authority to five years and requires an updated Sudan Business Risk Advisory.
• Requires U.N. arms-embargo coordination and annual reporting on U.S. aid and foreign-held military assets.
• Establishes peace-based termination conditions, a five-year sunset, and an express bar on construing the Act to authorize military force.