S4664-118

Reported

To require the Secretary of Energy to establish a program to promote the use of artificial intelligence to support the missions of the Department of Energy, and for other purposes.

118th Congress Introduced Jul 10, 2024

Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.

Summary

What This Bill Does

The Department of Energy AI Act creates a centralized AI program at DOE, establishing at least 8 AI Research and Development Centers at National Laboratories, building computing infrastructure for frontier AI, and creating a new Office of Critical and Emerging Technology. It also directs DOE to use AI to streamline federal permitting and requires FERC to adopt AI for processing grid interconnection requests.

Who Benefits and How

National Laboratories and their researchers benefit from $2.4 billion per year in new funding for AI development and at least 500 new researcher hires. AI and high-performance computing companies benefit from procurement contracts and public-private partnerships. Energy project developers benefit from AI-accelerated federal permitting processes.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Federal taxpayers bear the cost of $12 billion authorized over 5 years. DOE and FERC face significant new administrative and implementation mandates. Public utility transmission providers must adopt AI-based queue management practices under new FERC rules.

Key Provisions

  • Creates centralized DOE AI program with 4 components: data curation, computing infrastructure, AI model development, and application tuning
  • Establishes at least 8 AI R&D Centers at National Labs with minimum $30M/year each for 5-7 years
  • Requires hiring/training of at least 500 new AI researchers
  • Creates AI risk assessment program in consultation with DHS, DOD, DNI, NSA, and Commerce
  • Establishes Office of Critical and Emerging Technology within DOE
  • Directs AI use for streamlining federal environmental permitting
  • Requires FERC rulemaking on AI for grid interconnection queue management
  • Mandates report on data center energy growth and national security risks
  • Authorizes $2.4 billion per year for 5 years

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Establishes a comprehensive AI program within the Department of Energy, creating research centers, computing infrastructure, workforce development, and a new Office of Critical and Emerging Technology, while also applying AI to federal permitting and energy grid interconnection.

Key Policy Areas

Technology, Energy, Defense, Government Operations, Science, Workforce

Primary Purpose

Establishes a comprehensive AI program within the Department of Energy, creating research centers, computing infrastructure, workforce development, and a new Office of Critical and Emerging Technology, while also applying AI to federal permitting and energy grid interconnection.

Policy Domains

Technology Energy Defense Government Operations Science Workforce

Department of Energy AI Act

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • National Laboratories
  • AI and high-performance computing companies
  • AI researchers and workforce
  • Energy project developers
  • Defense and national security agencies
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: rs

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Federal taxpayers
  • DOE and FERC (implementation burden)
  • Public utility transmission providers
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: rs

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Legislative Progress

Reported
Introduced Committee Passed
Nov 21, 2024

Reported by Mr. Manchin, with an amendment

Jul 10, 2024

Mr. Manchin (for himself and Ms. Murkowski) introduced the following …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Government
6 mentions across 6 clauses
-5 negative ?1 uncertain

Department of Energy, FERC, Federal permitting agencies

Research & Science
5 mentions across 4 clauses
+4 positive ?1 uncertain

AI researchers and workforce, National Laboratories

Technology
4 mentions across 4 clauses
+3 positive ?1 uncertain

AI and HPC companies, AI software companies, Advanced technology companies

Education
2 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive

Universities and community colleges, Universities and private industry

Energy
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Energy project developers

Mining
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Critical materials project developers

General Public
1 mention across 1 clause
-1 negative

Taxpayers

Utilities
1 mention across 1 clause
-1 negative

Public utility transmission providers

10/19
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Technology Energy Defense Government Operations
Actor Mappings
"FERC"
→ Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
"NNSA"
→ National Nuclear Security Administration
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Energy

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

5 terms
"Artificial Intelligence" §3

Has the meaning given in section 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401)

"Foundation Model" §3a

An AI model trained on broad data using self-supervision with at least tens of billions of parameters, applicable across wide range of contexts

"Frontier AI" §3b

Leading edge AI research exceeding capabilities of most advanced existing models, including models with more than 1 trillion parameters

"Testbed" §3c

Any platform, facility, or environment enabling testing and evaluation of scientific theories and new technologies

"Alignment" §3d

A field of AI safety research that aims to make AI systems behave in line with human intentions

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology