S3404-119

Reported

Satellite Cybersecurity Act of 2025

119th Congress Introduced Dec 9, 2025

Summary

What This Bill Does

The bill turns commercial satellite cybersecurity into a federal review and strategy project. GAO must study federal actions supporting cybersecurity of commercial satellite systems, Commerce must address responsibilities affecting small businesses, and Commerce must work with the National Space Council, the Office of the National Cyber Director, and other agencies on a broader strategy.

Who Benefits and How

Commercial satellite operators benefit from clearer federal guidance on cybersecurity expectations and support. Small satellite businesses benefit because Commerce must consider small business concerns in its responsibilities. Satellite customers benefit if cybersecurity planning reduces disruptions to space-based communications and services. Congressional commerce committees benefit from GAO and agency reporting on federal preparedness.

Who Bears the Burden and How

GAO must conduct the commercial satellite cybersecurity study. Commerce Department space staff must develop responsibilities and strategy work. National Space Council staff must coordinate on the federal strategy. Office of the National Cyber Director staff must help align satellite cybersecurity policy.

Key Provisions

  • Requires a GAO study on commercial satellite cybersecurity support.
  • Directs Commerce to clarify responsibilities for commercial satellite cybersecurity.
  • Requires a federal strategy coordinated with space and cyber officials.
  • Includes small business concerns in the Commerce responsibilities.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Requires GAO and Commerce-led work on commercial satellite cybersecurity, including a federal strategy coordinated with space and cyber officials.

Key Policy Areas

Space, Cybersecurity, Commerce

Primary Purpose

Requires GAO and Commerce-led work on commercial satellite cybersecurity, including a federal strategy coordinated with space and cyber officials.

Policy Domains

Space Cybersecurity Commerce

Bill provisions

Identified Gains
  • Commercial satellite operators
  • Small satellite businesses
  • Satellite customers
  • Congressional commerce committees
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is
Satellite customers: , ,
Small satellite businesses: , ,
Commercial satellite operators: , ,
Congressional commerce committees: , ,
Identified Costs
  • GAO
  • Commerce Department space staff
  • National Space Council staff
  • Office of the National Cyber Director staff
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is
GAO: , ,
National Space Council staff: , ,
Commerce Department space staff: , ,
Office of the National Cyber Director staff: , ,

Legislative Progress

Reported
Introduced Committee Passed
Apr 14, 2026

Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Ordered to be reported …

Dec 9, 2025

Mr. Peters (for himself and Mr. Cornyn) introduced the following …

Dec 9, 2025

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, …

Dec 9, 2025

Introduced in Senate

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Government
9 mentions across 3 clauses
-9 negative

Commerce Department space staff, GAO, National Space Council staff

Space
6 mentions across 3 clauses
+6 positive

Commercial satellite operators, Small satellite businesses

Technology
3 mentions across 3 clauses
+3 positive

Satellite customers

4/6
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Space Cybersecurity Commerce
Actor Mappings
"secretary"
→ Secretary of Commerce
"comptroller"
→ Comptroller General

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology