To advance Federal Government innovation through the implementation and use of multi-cloud computing software technology, and for other purposes.
Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.
Summary
What This Bill Does
This bill requires OMB to study federal multi-cloud technology adoption and develop voluntary guidelines for agencies considering multi-cloud implementations. NIST must define "multi-cloud technology" within 120 days and periodically update the definition. GAO must assess federal workforce digital skills gaps (especially in cloud procurement and management), evaluate agency technical capabilities for multi-cloud, and report on overall cloud adoption and cost-benefit analysis within 2 years. The bill explicitly authorizes no additional funding.
Who Benefits and How
Cloud computing vendors benefit from federal movement toward multi-cloud architectures, which reduces vendor lock-in and creates opportunities for multiple providers. Federal agencies benefit from best practices, cost-benefit analysis, and voluntary guidance for making informed multi-cloud decisions. The federal workforce benefits from skills gap assessments that may drive training and development investments.
Who Bears the Burden and How
OMB bears the study and guidance development workload within existing resources. GAO bears multiple reporting mandates. NIST must develop and maintain the multi-cloud definition. Incumbent single-cloud vendors may face increased competition as agencies adopt multi-cloud strategies that reduce lock-in.
Key Provisions
- Requires OMB to study multi-cloud use, identify best practices, develop cost-benefit analysis, and compile voluntary guidance for agencies (Section 3)
- Mandates GAO workforce skills gap assessment for cloud computing procurement and management, with training cost estimates (Section 4)
- Requires GAO 2-year follow-up report assessing cloud adoption state, multi-cloud benefits/risks, and cost-benefit analysis (Section 5)
- Directs NIST to define "multi-cloud technology" with stakeholder input and periodic updates (Section 6)
- Authorizes no additional appropriations (Section 7)
Evidence Chain:
This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers.
At a Glance
What This Bill Does
Directs OMB and NIST to study, develop guidelines for, and promote the voluntary adoption of multi-cloud computing technology across federal agencies, while assessing workforce readiness and technical capabilities.
Key Policy Areas
Information Technology, Federal Government Management, Cybersecurity, Federal Procurement
Primary Purpose
Directs OMB and NIST to study, develop guidelines for, and promote the voluntary adoption of multi-cloud computing technology across federal agencies, while assessing workforce readiness and technical capabilities.
Policy Domains
Multi-Cloud Technology Definition
Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation- Federal agencies (clear standards)
- Cloud industry (input on definition)
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation- NIST (definition development and maintenance)
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
Multi-Cloud Technology Study and Voluntary Guidelines
Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation- Cloud computing vendors (expanded market through multi-vendor strategies)
- Federal agencies (informed decision-making)
- Smaller cloud providers (reduced vendor lock-in barriers)
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation- OMB (study and guidance development)
- Incumbent single-cloud vendors (potential loss of exclusive contracts)
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
Federal Workforce and Technical Capabilities Assessment
Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation- Federal IT and procurement workforce (skills development attention)
- Congress (informed oversight)
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation- GAO (reporting mandate)
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
Cloud Adoption and Implementation Review
Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation- Congress (oversight)
- Federal agencies (evidence-based guidance)
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation- GAO (reporting mandate)
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
Sponsors
Legislative Progress
ReportedReported by Mr. Peters, with an amendment
Mr. Daines (for himself and Ms. Rosen) introduced the following …
Mr. Daines (for himself, Ms. Rosen, and Mr. Peters) introduced …
Stakeholder Effects
cui bono?How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.
Congress, Federal IT and procurement workforce, Federal agencies
Positive-direction: Congress, Federal IT and procurement workforce
Negative-direction: Federal agencies, GAO, OMB / federal IT leadership
Cloud computing vendors, Smaller / competing cloud providers
Bill Structure & Actor Mappings
Who is "The Secretary" in each section?
- "federal"
- → ['OMB Director', 'GSA Administrator', 'NIST Director', 'DHS Secretary', 'US Digital Service', 'Office of Electronic Government']
- "federal"
- → ['Comptroller General']
- "federal"
- → ['Comptroller General']
- "federal"
- → ['NIST Director']
Key Definitions
Terms defined in this bill
We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.
Learn more about our methodology