S2781-119

Introduced

To amend the Truth in Lending Act to establish a national usury rate for consumer credit transactions.

119th Congress Introduced Sep 11, 2025

Summary

What This Bill Does

The bill creates congressional findings on predatory lending practices and need for national usury cap, requires national 36% maximum fee-and-interest rate cap on all consumer credit extensions, with broad fee-inclusive definition, tolerances for certain small charges on installment loans, calculation methods for open-end, and requires statutory text of new Section 140B of Truth in Lending Act: 36% maximum rate, FAIR definition, tolerances, calculation methods, creditor definition, exemption prohibition, disclosure requirements, state law. It relies on reporting requirements, definition changes, price controls, and compliance mandates. The main policy areas are Finance and Technology.

Who Benefits and How

State attorneys general could see lower costs, Low-income and subprime borrowers could see lower costs, and Credit insurance providers could gain revenue opportunities.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Payday lenders would take on compliance duties, Car title lenders would take on compliance duties, and Online high-cost installment lenders would take on compliance duties.

Key Provisions

  • Creates congressional findings on predatory lending practices and need for national usury cap.
  • Requires national 36% maximum fee-and-interest rate cap on all consumer credit extensions, with broad fee-inclusive definition, tolerances for certain small charges on installment loans, calculation methods for open-end...
  • Requires statutory text of new Section 140B of Truth in Lending Act: 36% maximum rate, FAIR definition, tolerances, calculation methods, creditor definition, exemption prohibition, disclosure requirements, state law...
  • Requires amendment to Truth in Lending Act Section 127(b)(6) requiring disclosure of fee and interest rate (FAIR) for open-end credit plans.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

The bill creates congressional findings on predatory lending practices and need for national usury cap, requires national 36% maximum fee-and-interest rate cap on all consumer credit extensions, with broad fee-inclusive definition, tolerances for certain small charges on installment loans, calculation methods for open-end, and requires statutory text of new Section 140B of Truth in Lending Act: 36% maximum rate, FAIR definition, tolerances, calculation methods, creditor definition, exemption prohibition, disclosure requirements, state law.

Key Policy Areas

Finance, Technology

Primary Purpose

The bill creates congressional findings on predatory lending practices and need for national usury cap, requires national 36% maximum fee-and-interest rate cap on all consumer credit extensions, with broad fee-inclusive definition, tolerances for certain small charges on installment loans, calculation methods for open-end, and requires statutory text of new Section 140B of Truth in Lending Act: 36% maximum rate, FAIR definition, tolerances, calculation methods, creditor definition, exemption prohibition, disclosure requirements, state law.

Policy Domains

Finance Technology

Whole bill

Identified Gains
  • State attorneys general
  • Low-income and subprime borrowers
  • Credit insurance providers
  • Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs)
  • Credit card issuers (high-fee products)
Model: codex-gpt-5:bulk-repair | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is
State attorneys general: ,
Credit insurance providers: ,
Low-income and subprime borrowers: ,
Credit card issuers (high-fee products): ,
Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs): ,
Identified Costs
  • Payday lenders
  • Car title lenders
  • Online high-cost installment lenders
  • Earned wage access providers
  • Credit card issuers
Model: codex-gpt-5:bulk-repair | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is
Payday lenders: , ,
Car title lenders: , ,
Credit card issuers:
Earned wage access providers: ,
Online high-cost installment lenders: ,

Legislative Progress

Introduced
Introduced Committee Passed
Sep 11, 2025

Mr. Durbin (for himself, Mr. Blumenthal, and Mr. Whitehouse) introduced …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Financial Services
6 mentions across 4 clauses
-6 negative

Banks (overdraft services), Credit card issuers, Credit card issuers (high-fee products)

Consumers
4 mentions across 4 clauses
+4 positive

Consumers (low-income borrowers), Consumers with open-end credit, Low-income and subprime borrowers

Technology
2 mentions across 2 clauses
-2 negative

Earned wage access providers

Government
2 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive

State attorneys general

Community Development Finance
2 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive

Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs)

General / Non-specific
1 mention across 1 clause
?1 uncertain

General public

5/5
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Finance Technology
Actor Mappings
"federal_implementing_agencies"
→ Federal agencies assigned duties by the bill

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology