S2741-119

Passed Senate

To establish within the Environmental Protection Agency the Office of Mountains, Deserts, and Plains, and for other purposes.

119th Congress Introduced Sep 9, 2025

Summary

What This Bill Does

The Legacy Mine Cleanup Act creates an Office of Mountains, Deserts, and Plains inside EPA's solid-waste program office. The office would coordinate EPA headquarters, regional offices, federal land-management agencies, states, Indian Tribes, voluntary cleanup groups, nonliable entities, and mining companies on cleanup actions at abandoned hardrock mine sites. It must identify and prioritize covered mine sites annually, provide technical assistance, disseminate best practices, encourage small-business contracting opportunities, report annually to Congress, and prepare a 10-year plan for Navajo Nation abandoned uranium mine cleanup.

Who Benefits and How

Communities near contaminated hardrock mine sites benefit from more coordinated cleanup planning and technical assistance. Navajo Nation communities near abandoned uranium mines benefit from a dedicated 10-year interagency cleanup plan. Indian Tribes, Alaska Native Corporations, state environmental agencies, local governments, voluntary cleanup organizations, nonliable mine-cleanup entities, environmental remediation companies, and small cleanup businesses benefit from clearer EPA coordination, best practices, and contracting pathways.

Who Bears the Burden and How

EPA must stand up the new office, coordinate internally and with other federal agencies, identify priority sites, manage technical assistance, and submit annual reports. The Department of Energy, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Indian Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Interior Department, Agriculture Department, and other federal partners must coordinate on Navajo uranium mine planning and legacy-mine cleanup. The bill does not create new mining-company liability, but it pulls mining companies and nonliable entities into voluntary cleanup coordination.

Key Provisions

  • Establishes the Office of Mountains, Deserts, and Plains inside EPA.
  • Requires annual identification, prioritization, and reporting for abandoned hardrock mine cleanup sites.
  • Directs EPA to provide technical assistance and publish best practices for covered mine site cleanup.
  • Encourages small-business contracting opportunities in mine cleanup work.
  • Requires coordination with federal land-management agencies, states, Indian Tribes, voluntary cleanup organizations, nonliable entities, and mining companies.
  • Requires a 10-year interagency cleanup plan for Navajo Nation abandoned uranium mine sites.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Establishes an EPA Office of Mountains, Deserts, and Plains to coordinate cleanup of abandoned hardrock mine contamination, provide technical assistance, report annually to Congress, and produce a 10-year interagency plan for Navajo Nation abandoned uranium mine sites.

Key Policy Areas

Environment, Tribal Affairs, Mining, Government Operations

Primary Purpose

Establishes an EPA Office of Mountains, Deserts, and Plains to coordinate cleanup of abandoned hardrock mine contamination, provide technical assistance, report annually to Congress, and produce a 10-year interagency plan for Navajo Nation abandoned uranium mine sites.

Policy Domains

Environment Tribal Affairs Mining Government Operations

Section 2 - EPA Office of Mountains, Deserts, and Plains

Identified Gains
  • Navajo Nation communities near abandoned uranium mines
  • Indian Tribes with contaminated mine sites
  • Environmental remediation companies
  • Small environmental cleanup businesses
  • Voluntary cleanup organizations
  • Nonliable mine-cleanup entities
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: es
Nonliable mine-cleanup entities:
Voluntary cleanup organizations:
Environmental remediation companies:
Small environmental cleanup businesses:
Indian Tribes with contaminated mine sites:
Navajo Nation communities near abandoned uranium mines:
Identified Costs
  • Environmental Protection Agency
  • Department of Energy
  • Nuclear Regulatory Commission
  • Indian Health Service
  • Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: es
Department of Energy:
Indian Health Service:
Nuclear Regulatory Commission:
Environmental Protection Agency:
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry:

Legislative Progress

Passed Senate
Introduced Committee Passed
Oct 29, 2025

Reported by Mrs. Capito, with an amendment

Oct 29, 2025 (inferred)

Passed Senate (inferred from es version)

Sep 9, 2025

Mr. Kelly (for himself and Ms. Lummis) introduced the following …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Government
21 mentions across 3 clauses
+6 positive -15 negative

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Department of Energy, Environmental Protection Agency

Positive-direction: Indian Tribes with contaminated mine sites, Navajo Nation communities near abandoned uranium mines

Negative-direction: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Department of Energy, Environmental Protection Agency, Indian Health Service, Nuclear Regulatory Commission

Environment
9 mentions across 3 clauses
+9 positive

Environmental remediation companies, Nonliable mine-cleanup entities, Small environmental cleanup businesses

General Public
3 mentions across 3 clauses
+3 positive

Communities near contaminated hardrock mine sites

Nonprofits
3 mentions across 3 clauses
+3 positive

Voluntary cleanup organizations

1/2
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Environment Tribal Affairs Mining
Actor Mappings
"office"
→ Office of Mountains, Deserts, and Plains
"administrator"
→ Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

2 terms
"Navajo Nation abandoned uranium mine site" §2-navajo-uranium

An abandoned uranium covered mine site on Navajo Nation land.

"covered mine site" §2-covered-mine-site

Federal, State, Tribal, local, or private land and related water resources affected by past hardrock mining activities.

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology