S2437-119

Reported

Snow Water Supply Forecasting Program Reauthorization Act of 2025

119th Congress Introduced Jul 24, 2025

Summary

What This Bill Does

The Snow Water Supply Forecasting Program Reauthorization Act of 2025 updates the existing Interior snow-water forecasting program to emphasize integrated snowpack measurement and hydrologic modeling. It adds imaging spectroscopy, machine learning, integrated snowpack and hydrologic modeling, and other technologies that can provide more accurate or timely data for water management and reservoir operations.

Who Benefits and How

Western water districts and reservoir operators benefit from better snow and water-supply forecasts that can inform multi-water-user, multi-basin, and multi-state water decisions. River-basin communities benefit when forecasting improves planning for changing weather and watershed conditions. NOAA and USDA water-data programs benefit from explicit inclusion in snowpack measurement technology work. Technology providers working on imaging spectroscopy, machine learning, and hydrologic modeling may benefit from continued program demand.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Interior snow-forecasting program staff must maintain, establish, expand, or advance integrated measurement and modeling activities and list basins, applications, outcomes, and data resources in program reports. USDA and NOAA staff may have additional coordination burdens because the bill names them in the technology-measurement provisions. Federal taxpayers bear the reauthorized funding, which changes from a $15 million aggregate authorization for 2022 through 2026 to $6.5 million for each fiscal year 2027 through 2031.

Key Provisions

  • Replaces a one-time report-oriented framework with an ongoing emphasis on integrated snowpack measurement and hydrologic modeling.
  • Adds imaging spectroscopy, machine learning, integrated modeling, and other technologies chosen by the Secretary.
  • Refocuses the program on forecasting that supports multi-water-user, multi-basin, and multi-state water decisions.
  • Requires program reporting on basins using the technologies, applications, outcomes, data resources, and technologies that best inform water-supply forecasting.
  • Authorizes $6.5 million for each fiscal year 2027 through 2031.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Reauthorizes and refocuses the Snow Water Supply Forecasting Program on integrated snowpack measurement, hydrologic modeling, and water-supply forecasting technologies for fiscal years 2027 through 2031.

Key Policy Areas

Water, Science, Agriculture, Climate

Primary Purpose

Reauthorizes and refocuses the Snow Water Supply Forecasting Program on integrated snowpack measurement, hydrologic modeling, and water-supply forecasting technologies for fiscal years 2027 through 2031.

Policy Domains

Water Science Agriculture Climate

Integrated snow water supply forecasting

Identified Gains
  • Western water districts using snow forecasts
  • Reservoir operators using snowpack models
  • NOAA water forecasting programs
  • USDA snow survey programs
  • Hydrologic modeling technology vendors
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is
USDA snow survey programs:
NOAA water forecasting programs:
Hydrologic modeling technology vendors:
Reservoir operators using snowpack models:
Western water districts using snow forecasts:
Identified Costs
  • Interior snow-water forecasting program staff
  • NOAA snow-data coordination staff
  • USDA snow survey coordination staff
  • Federal taxpayers funding the reauthorization
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is
NOAA snow-data coordination staff:
USDA snow survey coordination staff:
Federal taxpayers funding the reauthorization:
Interior snow-water forecasting program staff:

Legislative Progress

Reported
Introduced Committee Passed
Jun 10, 2026

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Ordered to be reported …

Mar 17, 2026

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Water and …

Jul 24, 2025

Mr. Hickenlooper (for himself and Mr. Curtis) introduced the following …

Jul 24, 2025

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and …

Jul 24, 2025

Introduced in Senate

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Government
2 mentions across 1 clause
+1 positive -1 negative

Interior snow-water forecasting program staff, NOAA water forecasting programs

Positive-direction: NOAA water forecasting programs

Negative-direction: Interior snow-water forecasting program staff

Utilities
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Western water districts using snow forecasts

Technology
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Hydrologic modeling technology vendors

1/2
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Water Science Agriculture Climate
Actor Mappings
"noaa"
→ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
"secretary"
→ Secretary of the Interior
"department_of_agriculture"
→ Department of Agriculture

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

1 term
"integrated snowpack and hydrologic modeling" §2

A program focus combining snowpack measurement data and hydrologic models to improve snow and water supply forecasts.

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology