Judicial Reorganization Act of 2025
Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.
Summary
What This Bill Does
The bill defines define terms for the circuit split: former Ninth Circuit, new Ninth Circuit (CA, GU, HI), and Twelfth Circuit (AK, AZ, ID, MT, NV, OR, WA), expands president to appoint 2 additional circuit court judges for the former Ninth Circuit - one for the new Ninth (CA/GU/HI) and one for the Twelfth (AK/AZ/ID/MT/NV/OR/WA), effective on enactment, and creates assign active circuit judges to the new Ninth or Twelfth Circuit based on their official duty station location; allow senior judges to elect which circuit to join. It relies on definition changes, procurement rules, and appropriations. The main policy areas are Finance.
Who Benefits and How
The President (judicial appointment power) could gain revenue opportunities, Federal judiciary (new court facilities) could gain revenue opportunities, and Federal judiciary could gain revenue opportunities.
Who Bears the Burden and How
Federal budget could face higher costs, Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals (administrative) would take on compliance duties, and Federal court administrators would take on compliance duties.
Key Provisions
- Defines define terms for the circuit split: former Ninth Circuit, new Ninth Circuit (CA, GU, HI), and Twelfth Circuit (AK, AZ, ID, MT, NV, OR, WA).
- Expands president to appoint 2 additional circuit court judges for the former Ninth Circuit - one for the new Ninth (CA/GU/HI) and one for the Twelfth (AK/AZ/ID/MT/NV/OR/WA), effective on enactment.
- Creates assign active circuit judges to the new Ninth or Twelfth Circuit based on their official duty station location; allow senior judges to elect which circuit to join.
- Creates transition rules for pending cases: submitted cases continue under old circuit; unsubmitted cases transfer to appropriate new circuit; rehearing petitions handled under old circuit composition.
- Creates old Ninth Circuit retains administrative authority for transition, ceasing to exist for administrative purposes 2 years after the effective date.
Evidence Chain:
This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.
At a Glance
What This Bill Does
The bill defines define terms for the circuit split: former Ninth Circuit, new Ninth Circuit (CA, GU, HI), and Twelfth Circuit (AK, AZ, ID, MT, NV, OR, WA), expands president to appoint 2 additional circuit court judges for the former Ninth Circuit - one for the new Ninth (CA/GU/HI) and one for the Twelfth (AK/AZ/ID/MT/NV/OR/WA), effective on enactment, and creates assign active circuit judges to the new Ninth or Twelfth Circuit based on their official duty station location; allow senior judges to elect which circuit to join.
Key Policy Areas
Finance
Primary Purpose
The bill defines define terms for the circuit split: former Ninth Circuit, new Ninth Circuit (CA, GU, HI), and Twelfth Circuit (AK, AZ, ID, MT, NV, OR, WA), expands president to appoint 2 additional circuit court judges for the former Ninth Circuit - one for the new Ninth (CA/GU/HI) and one for the Twelfth (AK/AZ/ID/MT/NV/OR/WA), effective on enactment, and creates assign active circuit judges to the new Ninth or Twelfth Circuit based on their official duty station location; allow senior judges to elect which circuit to join.
Policy Domains
Section 3 - Number and composition of circuits
Identified Gains
- The President (judicial appointment power)
- Federal judiciary (new court facilities)
- Federal judiciary
- Senior circuit judges
Identified Costs
- Federal budget
- Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals (administrative)
- Federal court administrators
Sponsors
Mike Crapo
R-ID | Primary Sponsor
Legislative Progress
In CommitteeMr. Crapo (for himself and Mr. Risch) introduced the following …
Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.
Introduced in Senate
Stakeholder Effects
cui bono?How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.
Federal court administrators, Federal courts system, Federal judiciary
Positive-direction: Federal judiciary, Federal judiciary (new court facilities), Senior circuit judges
Negative-direction: Federal court administrators, Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals (administrative)
Federal budget, The President (judicial appointment power)
Positive-direction: The President (judicial appointment power)
Negative-direction: Federal budget
Bill Structure & Actor Mappings
Who is "The Secretary" in each section?
Key Definitions
Terms defined in this bill
The ninth judicial circuit as it exists before the effective date of this Act
The ninth judicial circuit established by the amendment (CA, GU, HI)
The new twelfth judicial circuit (AK, AZ, ID, MT, NV, OR, WA)
We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.
Learn more about our methodology