S2222-119

Reported

Critical Undersea Infrastructure Resilience Initiative Act

119th Congress Introduced Jul 9, 2025

Summary

What This Bill Does

Creates a Taiwan-focused critical undersea infrastructure resilience initiative, directs strategies against PRC gray-zone sabotage, requires sanctions for PRC persons responsible for undersea cable or infrastructure sabotage, mandates semiannual reports through 2032, and adds interagency contingency planning for a cross-Strait crisis.

Who Benefits and How

Taiwan benefits from U.S.-led planning, partner coordination, and resilience work for undersea cables, subsea energy infrastructure, and other seabed systems vulnerable to sabotage. U.S. Indo-Pacific planners benefit from contingency planning for a cross-Strait crisis and better reporting on critical infrastructure interference. Undersea cable operators and subsea energy operators benefit if deterrence, hardening, repair capacity, and international cooperation reduce sabotage risk. Allies and like-minded partners benefit from a shared strategy against PRC gray-zone tactics.

Who Bears the Burden and How

State Department infrastructure-security staff, Defense planners, Homeland Security infrastructure staff, Treasury sanctions staff, Commerce telecommunications staff, and intelligence analysts must coordinate the initiative, sanctions, strategies, and reports. PRC persons responsible for sabotage face sanctions. Companies or vessels linked to undersea infrastructure interference face greater scrutiny. Taiwan and partner governments may need to coordinate sensitive contingency planning and infrastructure data.

Key Provisions

  • Defines critical undersea infrastructure, including subsea cables, pipelines, and seabed equipment.
  • Requires a Taiwan Critical Undersea Infrastructure Resilience Initiative within 360 days.
  • Directs strategies to counter PRC gray-zone sabotage tactics.
  • Requires sanctions on PRC persons responsible for critical undersea infrastructure sabotage.
  • Requires semiannual reports through 2032 on interference incidents, repairs, vulnerabilities, and PRC activities.
  • Establishes interagency contingency planning for a cross-Strait crisis.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Creates a Taiwan-focused critical undersea infrastructure resilience initiative, directs strategies against PRC gray-zone sabotage, requires sanctions for PRC persons responsible for undersea cable or infrastructure sabotage, mandates semiannual reports through 2032, and adds interagency contingency planning for a cross-Strait crisis.

Key Policy Areas

Taiwan, Critical Infrastructure, Sanctions, National Security

Primary Purpose

Creates a Taiwan-focused critical undersea infrastructure resilience initiative, directs strategies against PRC gray-zone sabotage, requires sanctions for PRC persons responsible for undersea cable or infrastructure sabotage, mandates semiannual reports through 2032, and adds interagency contingency planning for a cross-Strait crisis.

Policy Domains

Taiwan Critical Infrastructure Sanctions National Security

House resolution provisions

Identified Gains
  • Taiwan
  • U.S. Indo-Pacific planners
  • Undersea cable operators
  • Telecommunications providers
  • Energy utilities
  • Allied governments
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: rs
Taiwan: , , , , ,
Energy utilities: , , , , ,
Allied governments: , , , , ,
Undersea cable operators: , , , , ,
U.S. Indo-Pacific planners: , , , , ,
Telecommunications providers: , , , , ,
Identified Costs
  • State Department
  • Defense Department
  • Homeland Security Department
  • Treasury Department
  • PRC sabotage actors
  • Taiwan officials
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: rs
State Department: , , , , ,
Taiwan officials: , , , , ,
Defense Department: , , , , ,
PRC sabotage actors: , , , , ,
Treasury Department: , , , , ,
Homeland Security Department: , , , , ,

Legislative Progress

Reported
Introduced Committee Passed
Feb 10, 2026

Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. …

Feb 10, 2026

Committee on Foreign Relations. Reported by Senator Risch with an …

Feb 10, 2026

Reported by Mr. Risch, with an amendment and an amendment …

Jan 29, 2026

Committee on Foreign Relations. Ordered to be reported with an …

Jul 9, 2025

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Jul 9, 2025

Introduced in Senate

Jul 9, 2025

Mr. Curtis (for himself and Ms. Rosen) introduced the following …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Foreign Affairs
15 mentions across 7 clauses
+4 positive -11 negative

Allied governments, State Department infrastructure-security staff, State Department sanctions staff

Positive-direction: Allied governments

Negative-direction: State Department infrastructure-security staff, State Department sanctions staff, Treasury sanctions staff

Taiwan
7 mentions across 7 clauses
+7 positive
Government
5 mentions across 5 clauses
+4 positive -1 negative

Agency legal staff, Congressional oversight committees

Positive-direction: Congressional oversight committees

Negative-direction: Agency legal staff

China
4 mentions across 4 clauses
-4 negative

PRC sabotage actors

National Security
4 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive -2 negative

Intelligence analysts, U.S. Indo-Pacific planners

Positive-direction: U.S. Indo-Pacific planners

Negative-direction: Intelligence analysts

Telecommunications
3 mentions across 3 clauses
+3 positive

Undersea cable operators

Energy
3 mentions across 3 clauses
+3 positive

Subsea energy operators

Defense
3 mentions across 3 clauses
-3 negative

Defense planners

8/14
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Taiwan Critical Infrastructure Sanctions National Security
Actor Mappings
"president"
→ President
"secretary_state"
→ Secretary of State
"secretary_treasury"
→ Secretary of the Treasury

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology