S2103-118

To authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2024 for intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the United States Government, the Intelligence Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes.

118th Congress

At a Glance

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Legislative Progress

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Summary

What This Bill Does

The Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 authorizes funding for U.S. intelligence agencies and enacts major reforms to how the government classifies and protects national security information. It also strengthens oversight of China, Russia, and other foreign adversaries while expanding protections for intelligence community whistleblowers.

Who Benefits and How

Intelligence community employees benefit from new protections: whistleblowers gain stronger legal protections including a private right of action with up to $250,000 in damages if their identity is disclosed as retaliation, and active-duty IC members become eligible for in-state tuition at public universities. Counter-drone technology companies and cybersecurity firms benefit from new CIA authority to detect and neutralize unmanned aircraft threats. Government transparency advocates and historians benefit from classification reform that establishes automatic declassification after 25 years and limits classification to only two levels. Financial intelligence professionals and emerging technology specialists may see increased hiring as the IC expands recruitment in these areas.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Foreign nationals from "sensitive countries" (primarily China, Russia, and other adversaries) face enhanced screening and potential denial of access to National Laboratories. Chinese companies like Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industries (ZPMC), which manufactures port cranes, face intelligence assessments of potential espionage risks. Drone operators near CIA facilities face new restrictions including potential seizure or destruction of their aircraft. Federal agencies with classification authority must implement new standards, maintain working capital funds for declassification technology, and meet stricter timelines for releasing historical records. Former intelligence officers face tighter post-employment restrictions on working for foreign governments.

Key Provisions

  • Authorizes over $658 million for the Intelligence Community Management Account and $514 million for the CIA Retirement Fund
  • Creates the Office of Global Competition Analysis to track U.S. technology leadership versus China
  • Requires mandatory counterintelligence risk assessments when the President, Vice President, or cabinet officials mishandle classified information
  • Establishes the "Classification Reform Act of 2023" limiting classification to two levels and requiring declassification after 25 years
  • Grants the CIA authority to detect, track, intercept, and destroy threatening drones near its facilities
  • Strengthens protections for IC whistleblowers with private right of action and elimination of damages caps
  • Requires intelligence assessments on Chinese influence operations in Africa, Chinese-made cranes at U.S. ports, and Venezuela's detention of U.S. citizens
Model: claude-opus-4
Generated: Dec 27, 2025 17:17

Evidence Chain:

This summary is derived from the structured analysis below. See "Detailed Analysis" for per-title beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

Primary Purpose

Authorizes appropriations for fiscal year 2024 for the conduct of intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the Federal Government, establishes new oversight mechanisms, and reforms the classification system for national security information.

Policy Domains

Intelligence National Security Classification Reform Counterintelligence Whistleblower Protection Foreign Affairs Government Reform

Legislative Strategy

"Comprehensive intelligence community modernization that strengthens counterintelligence against China and Russia, expands whistleblower protections, reforms the classification system to improve transparency, and enhances technology competition oversight"

Likely Beneficiaries

  • Intelligence community employees (enhanced protections and in-state tuition benefits)
  • Whistleblowers in the intelligence community (stronger protections and private right of action)
  • Government transparency advocates (classification reform and automatic declassification provisions)
  • Counter-drone technology companies (new CIA authority to procure detection/mitigation systems)
  • National security technology sector (Office of Global Competition Analysis coordination)

Likely Burden Bearers

  • Foreign nationals from sensitive countries seeking access to National Laboratories (enhanced screening)
  • Chinese companies and entities (increased intelligence scrutiny and export control coordination)
  • Drone operators near CIA facilities (new restrictions and potential equipment seizure)
  • Government officials who mishandle classified information (mandatory counterintelligence risk assessments)
  • Agencies with classification authority (new declassification timelines and reporting requirements)

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Intelligence Appropriations
Actor Mappings
"the_director"
→ Director of National Intelligence
Domains
Intelligence Retirement Benefits
Domains
Intelligence Personnel Counterintelligence Oversight
Actor Mappings
"the_director"
→ Director of National Intelligence
"the_director_cia"
→ Director of CIA
Domains
Intelligence Foreign Affairs Counterintelligence China Russia Venezuela
Actor Mappings
"the_director"
→ Director of National Intelligence
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Energy (for National Labs)
Domains
National Security Commerce Export Controls Technology Competition
Actor Mappings
"the_director"
→ Director of National Intelligence
"the_president"
→ President
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Commerce (for BIS)
"the_secretary_treasury"
→ Secretary of the Treasury
Domains
Whistleblower Protection Personnel Government Oversight
Actor Mappings
"the_director"
→ Director of National Intelligence
"inspector_general"
→ Inspector General of the Intelligence Community
Domains
Classification Reform Government Transparency National Security
Actor Mappings
"the_archivist"
→ Archivist of the United States
"the_president"
→ President
"executive_agent"
→ Executive Agent for Classification and Declassification
"the_director_isoo"
→ Director of Information Security Oversight Office

Note: "The Director" generally refers to Director of National Intelligence throughout, but in Section 321 and 322 (CIA protection matters), "The Director" refers to Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

10 terms
"congressional intelligence committees" §2

Has the meaning given such term in section 3 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003)

"personnel action (whistleblower context)" §1104_whistleblower

Includes knowing and willful disclosure revealing the identity or other personally identifiable information of an employee or contractor employee who has made a lawful disclosure

"foreign national" §309_foreign_national

Has the meaning given the term alien in section 101(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a))

"declassify, declassified, declassification" §702_declassification

The process by which information that has been classified is determined to no longer require protection from unauthorized disclosure

"sensitive country" §309_sensitive_country

A country to which particular consideration is given for policy reasons during the Department of Energy internal review and approval process for visits by, and assignments of, foreign nationals to National Laboratories

"National Laboratory" §309_national_laboratory

Has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801)

"covered transaction" §503_covered_transaction

A transaction reviewed under authority established under Executive Order 13873, Executive Order 13984, Executive Order 14034, or any successor order

"intelligence community" §2_intelligence_community

Has the meaning given such term in section 3 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003)

"emerging and foundational technologies" §503_emerging_technologies

Technologies described in section 1758(a)(1) of the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4817(a)(1))

"classified information" §702_classified_information

Information that has been determined to require protection from unauthorized disclosure pursuant to title VIII of the National Security Act in order to protect the national security of the United States

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology