S1568-118

Introduced

To amend the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 and the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act to make breakfasts and lunches free for all children, and for other purposes.

118th Congress Introduced May 11, 2023

Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.

Summary

What This Bill Does

This bill establishes universal free school meals for all children enrolled in public schools by eliminating the reduced-price meal category and providing free breakfast ($2.80) and lunch ($4.63) to all students. It prohibits lunch shaming practices, forgives existing school meal debt, and creates additional payments for schools using locally-sourced farm products. The bill also expands free meal programs for summer, afterschool, and childcare settings.

Who Benefits and How

All school-age children receive free breakfast and lunch regardless of family income, eliminating stigma and administrative burden. Local farmers receive increased demand through a 25% local sourcing incentive that provides additional reimbursements. School food service operations benefit from simplified administration without means-testing. Food service workers may see improved working conditions with consistent meal counts. Schools with existing meal debt receive federal reimbursement for outstanding charges.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Federal taxpayers fund significantly expanded school meal programs (elimination of family co-pays for reduced-price meals). State education agencies face new administrative requirements for certifying local food purchases. The USDA faces increased program costs and oversight responsibilities. Schools must adapt operations to serve free meals to all students.

Key Provisions

  • Universal free breakfast ($2.80) and lunch ($4.63) for all enrolled students, adjusted for inflation
  • Additional $0.30/lunch and $0.21/breakfast payments for schools using 25%+ locally-sourced foods
  • Prohibition on lunch shaming and debt collection from families
  • Federal reimbursement program for all outstanding school meal debt
  • Expansion of Summer EBT from $40 to $60 per child per month

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Establishes universal free school meals for all students by eliminating reduced-price meal categories, setting national reimbursement rates for free breakfast and lunch, prohibiting lunch shaming, and creating local food procurement incentives

Key Policy Areas

Education, Nutrition, Agriculture, Child Welfare

Primary Purpose

Establishes universal free school meals for all students by eliminating reduced-price meal categories, setting national reimbursement rates for free breakfast and lunch, prohibiting lunch shaming, and creating local food procurement incentives

Policy Domains

Education Nutrition Agriculture Child Welfare

Title I - Free School Breakfast Program

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • All school-age children
  • Families currently paying for reduced-price meals
  • School food service operations
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Federal budget
  • USDA Food and Nutrition Service
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Title II - Free School Lunch Program

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • All school-age children
  • Local farmers within 250 miles
  • Summer program participants
  • Childcare providers
  • Schools with meal debt
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Federal budget
  • State education agencies
  • School food authorities with certification requirements
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Title III - Measure of Poverty

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Schools serving low-income students
  • Local education agencies
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • State and local education agencies (new survey requirements)
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Legislative Progress

Introduced
Introduced Committee Passed
May 11, 2023

Mr. Sanders (for himself, Mrs. Gillibrand, Mr. Heinrich, Ms. Hirono, …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Government
8 mentions across 7 clauses
-8 negative

Department of Education, Department of Justice, Federal SNAP program budget

Education
8 mentions across 6 clauses
+6 positive -2 negative

All school-age children, GEAR UP grantees, High-need schools under ESEA definition

Positive-direction: All school-age children, High-need schools under ESEA definition, School administrators, Schools with outstanding meal debt, Tribal schools

Negative-direction: GEAR UP grantees, Local education agencies

Individual And Family Services
4 mentions across 4 clauses
+4 positive

All children during summer months, Families currently paying reduced-price meals, Families of economically disadvantaged children

Food & Beverage
3 mentions across 3 clauses
+3 positive

School food authorities meeting local sourcing threshold, School food service operations, Summer food service institutions

Social Services
3 mentions across 2 clauses
+3 positive

Children in afterschool programs, Non-profit childcare organizations, Private childcare providers

Correctional Institutions
2 mentions across 1 clause
+2 positive

Incarcerated juveniles, Juvenile detention facilities

Agriculture
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Local farmers within 250 miles of schools

Farm Product Warehousing And Storage
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Food hubs and agricultural cooperatives

13/26
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Education Nutrition
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Agriculture
Domains
Education Nutrition Agriculture
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Agriculture
Domains
Education
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Education
Domains
Education Agriculture

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

1 term
"locally-sourced farm product" §201

A farm product marketed directly to consumers or through intermediated channels, produced and distributed in the same state or within 250 miles of the school food authority

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology