S1531-118

Introduced

To designate certain National Forest System land and certain public land under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture in the States of Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming as wilderness, wild and scenic rivers, wildland recovery areas, and biological connecting corridors, and for other purposes.

118th Congress Introduced May 10, 2023

Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.

Summary

What This Bill Does

The Northern Rockies Ecosystem Protection Act designates approximately 23 million acres of federal land in five northwestern states (Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming) as protected wilderness areas, biological connecting corridors, and wildland recovery zones. The bill aims to preserve the unique biodiversity of the Northern Rockies Bioregion by connecting major ecosystems including Greater Yellowstone, Greater Glacier, Greater Hells Canyon, Greater Salmon/Selway, and Greater Cabinet-Yaak-Selkirk.

Who Benefits and How

Conservation organizations and environmental groups benefit from permanent wilderness protections on millions of acres. Recreation and tourism industries (hunting, fishing, camping, rafting) benefit from preserved wild lands and designated wild and scenic rivers. Indian Tribes receive protected access rights to sacred sites and cultural areas, with tribal sovereignty recognized through application of the Indian Self-Determination Act.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Timber and logging companies face restricted access to previously available forest lands now designated as wilderness or recovery areas. Mining and mineral extraction companies lose access to potential mineral resources on designated lands. Grazing permit holders may be affected as the bill creates a process for voluntary grazing permit donation within protected areas. Road construction and development interests face new restrictions in biological corridors.

Key Provisions

  • Designates wilderness areas totaling millions of acres across five major ecosystems in the Northern Rockies
  • Creates biological connecting corridors to maintain wildlife movement between the Greater Yellowstone, Glacier, Hells Canyon, Salmon/Selway, and Cabinet-Yaak-Selkirk ecosystems
  • Establishes approximately 1,023,000 acres of wildland recovery areas where damaged ecosystems will be restored
  • Requires an independent scientific panel through the National Academy of Sciences to monitor implementation

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Designates over 23 million acres of federal land in Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming as wilderness areas, biological connecting corridors, wildland recovery areas, and wild and scenic rivers to protect the Northern Rockies Bioregion ecosystem.

Key Policy Areas

Public Lands, Environment, Wildlife Conservation, Natural Resources, Tribal Affairs

Primary Purpose

Designates over 23 million acres of federal land in Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming as wilderness areas, biological connecting corridors, wildland recovery areas, and wild and scenic rivers to protect the Northern Rockies Bioregion ecosystem.

Policy Domains

Public Lands Environment Wildlife Conservation Natural Resources Tribal Affairs

Title I - Wilderness Designations

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Conservation organizations
  • Wildlife and endangered species
  • Recreation and tourism industry
  • Hunting and fishing outfitters
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Timber industry
  • Mining industry
  • Oil and gas extraction
  • Grazing permit holders
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Title V - Implementation and Monitoring

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • Conservation biologists
  • GIS and monitoring technology providers
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Federal agencies (implementation costs)
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Title II - Biological Connecting Corridors

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Wildlife populations
  • Conservation scientists
  • Ecosystem integrity
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Road construction interests
  • Development interests
  • Timber industry
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Title IV - Wildland Recovery Areas

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Native fish species
  • Watershed health
  • Ecological restoration contractors
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Road users in recovery areas
  • Existing development interests
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Title VI - Indian Tribes

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Indian Tribes
  • Tribal cultural practitioners
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Title VII - Water Rights

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Existing federal water rights holders
Model: N/A | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Legislative Progress

Introduced
Introduced Committee Passed
May 10, 2023

Mr. Whitehouse (for himself, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. Booker, Mr. Durbin, …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Government
13 mentions across 10 clauses
+8 positive -5 negative

Bureau of Land Management, Federal agencies holding tribal cultural information, Federal agencies with existing water rights

Federal land management agencies faces effects in multiple directions

Positive-direction: Federal agencies holding tribal cultural information, Federal agencies with existing water rights, Indian Tribes seeking to administer programs, Indian Tribes with adjacent lands, Indian Tribes with sacred sites in protected areas, Indian Tribes with traditional use areas, Tribal cultural practitioners

Negative-direction: Bureau of Land Management, Forest Service

Fishing & Forestry
11 mentions across 11 clauses
-11 negative

Timber and logging companies, Timber and logging companies in Greater Yellowstone, Timber and logging companies in central Idaho

Environment
8 mentions across 8 clauses
+8 positive

Conservation and environmental organizations, Conservation organizations, Conservation organizations funding permit buyouts

Mining
6 mentions across 6 clauses
-6 negative

Mining companies, Mining companies across the Northern Rockies, Mining companies in Cabinet-Yaak region

Tourism
4 mentions across 4 clauses
+4 positive

Hells Canyon river recreation businesses, River rafting and wilderness outfitters, Wilderness recreation outfitters

Professional Services
4 mentions across 3 clauses
+4 positive

Ecological restoration contractors, Environmental consulting firms, Invasive species control companies

Research & Science
3 mentions across 2 clauses
+3 positive

Conservation biology researchers, National Academy of Sciences

State & Local Government
2 mentions across 1 clause
+2 positive

Rural communities dependent on highways, State highway departments

26/34
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Public Lands Wildlife Conservation
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Agriculture (for National Forest lands) or Secretary of the Interior (for BLM lands)
"the_secretary_concerned"
→ Secretary of Agriculture or Secretary of the Interior depending on land jurisdiction
Domains
Environment Wildlife Conservation
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Agriculture or Secretary of the Interior
"the_secretary_concerned"
→ Secretary having jurisdiction over the specific land
Domains
Natural Resources Environment
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Interior (for BLM) or Secretary of Agriculture (for National Forests)
Domains
Environment Public Lands
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Agriculture
Domains
Public Lands Environment
Actor Mappings
"the_secretaries_concerned"
→ Secretary of Agriculture and Secretary of the Interior jointly
Domains
Tribal Affairs Public Lands
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Interior
Domains
Natural Resources

Note: 'The Secretary' can refer to either the Secretary of Agriculture (for National Forest lands) or Secretary of the Interior (for BLM/public lands), depending on the jurisdiction of the specific land parcel being discussed.

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

4 terms
"corridor" §4a

An area that provides connectivity of habitat or potential habitat, and that facilitates the ability of terrestrial, estuarine, and freshwater fish, or wildlife, to move within a landscape for migration, gene flow, dispersal, or in response to climate change impacts.

"development" §4b

An activity that eliminates the roadless and wilderness characteristics of the land on which the activity takes place.

"roadless land" §4c

Land greater than 1,000 acres in area, located within the National Forest System in the Wild Rockies Bioregion, and not designated as a component of the National Wilderness Preservation System.

"Secretary concerned" §4d

The Secretary of Agriculture with respect to National Forest System land, and the Secretary of the Interior with respect to public land.

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology