S1464-119

In Committee

Buffalo Tract Protection Act

119th Congress Introduced Apr 10, 2025

Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.

Summary

What This Bill Does

This bill withdraws certain Bureau of Land Management land in New Mexico from mining claims, mineral leasing, mineral material disposal, and geothermal leasing. It still allows the surface estate to be conveyed under existing land-disposal laws, but the United States must retain the mineral estate.

Who Benefits and How

Nearby conservation and land-protection interests benefit because the bill blocks new mineral and geothermal development on the covered acreage. Potential surface transferees may still benefit from the ability to acquire surface estate while avoiding mineral development under the land.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Mining, mineral, and geothermal development interests bear the burden because the bill removes those lands from new federal mineral entry and leasing opportunities. Interior and BLM staff also bear implementation burdens tied to administering the withdrawal and any future reserved-mineral conveyances.

Key Provisions

  • Withdraws approximately 4,288 acres from mining, mineral leasing, mineral materials, and geothermal leasing laws
  • Preserves valid existing rights
  • Allows surface conveyance under existing land laws only if the United States reserves the mineral estate

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Withdraws approximately 4,288 acres of Bureau of Land Management land near Placitas, New Mexico, from mining, mineral leasing, mineral materials, and geothermal leasing laws while allowing surface conveyance with the mineral estate reserved to the United States.

Key Policy Areas

Public Lands, Conservation, Mining

Primary Purpose

Withdraws approximately 4,288 acres of Bureau of Land Management land near Placitas, New Mexico, from mining, mineral leasing, mineral materials, and geothermal leasing laws while allowing surface conveyance with the mineral estate reserved to the United States.

Policy Domains

Public Lands Conservation Mining

Sections 1-2 - Buffalo Tract withdrawal

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Conservation and land-protection interests in the Placitas, New Mexico area
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Mining and geothermal developers that might otherwise seek rights on the withdrawn lands
  • Interior Department and Bureau of Land Management officials administering the withdrawal
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Legislative Progress

In Committee
Introduced Committee Passed
Feb 12, 2026

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Public Lands, …

Apr 10, 2025

Mr. Heinrich (for himself and Mr. Luján) introduced the following …

Apr 10, 2025

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and …

Apr 10, 2025

Introduced in Senate

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Mining
1 mention across 1 clause
-1 negative

Mining, mineral, and geothermal developers that might otherwise seek rights on the withdrawn Buffalo Tract land

General Public
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Conservation and land-protection interests in the Placitas, New Mexico area

Government
1 mention across 1 clause
-1 negative

Interior Department and Bureau of Land Management officials administering the withdrawal and reserved mineral estate

1/2
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Public Lands Conservation Mining
Actor Mappings
"the_director"
→ Director of the Bureau of Land Management
"the_secretary_of_the_interior"
→ Secretary of the Interior

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology