S1319-119

In Committee

Pecos Watershed Protection Act

119th Congress Introduced Apr 8, 2025

Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.

Summary

What This Bill Does

The Pecos Watershed Protection Act withdraws federal land in New Mexico's Pecos Watershed from all mineral development activities and creates a new 11,599-acre Thompson Peak Wilderness Area. The bill permanently blocks new mining claims, oil and gas leases, and geothermal development on these protected lands while preserving existing rights.

Who Benefits and How

Environmental conservation organizations benefit by gaining a new protected wilderness area that prevents extractive industries from operating in the Pecos Watershed. Recreation and tourism businesses near the protected areas benefit from increased opportunities for wilderness-based tourism and outdoor recreation. Existing livestock grazing operations benefit from explicit protection of their grazing rights in the new wilderness area, ensuring they can continue operations despite the new wilderness designation. New Mexico's state fish and wildlife agencies maintain full authority over hunting, fishing, and trapping regulations within the wilderness area.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Mining companies face a complete ban on filing new mineral claims in the Pecos Watershed and Thompson Peak areas. Oil and gas exploration companies lose the ability to obtain new leasing rights for fossil fuel extraction on these federal lands. Geothermal energy developers are blocked from securing mineral leasing rights for renewable energy development in these areas. The U.S. Forest Service must complete new administrative tasks including filing maps and legal descriptions with Congress, maintaining public inspection files, and managing the wilderness area according to the Wilderness Act.

Key Provisions

  • Withdraws all federal land depicted on the "Proposed Mineral Withdrawal Legislative Map" (dated September 11, 2023) from mineral entry, mining claims, and mineral/geothermal leasing
  • Designates approximately 11,599 acres of Forest Service land as the Thompson Peak Wilderness Area, making it part of the National Wilderness Preservation System
  • Requires the Secretary of Agriculture to file wilderness area maps and legal descriptions with the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and House Committee on Natural Resources
  • Protects existing livestock grazing rights established before the bill's enactment, allowing ranchers to continue operations under Wilderness Act guidelines
  • Preserves New Mexico's jurisdiction over fish and wildlife management, including hunting, fishing, and trapping regulations
  • Allows the Forest Service to conduct fire, insect, and disease control measures within the wilderness area as deemed necessary

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Withdraws federal land in the Pecos Watershed area of New Mexico from mineral entry and designates the Thompson Peak Wilderness Area

Who Benefits

  • Environmental conservation groups
  • Recreation and tourism operators in New Mexico
  • Livestock grazing operations (existing rights protected)

Who Bears Costs

  • Mining companies seeking new mineral claims
  • Oil and gas exploration companies
  • Geothermal energy developers

Key Policy Areas

Public Lands, Mining, Wilderness Protection, Natural Resources

Primary Purpose

Withdraws federal land in the Pecos Watershed area of New Mexico from mineral entry and designates the Thompson Peak Wilderness Area

Policy Domains

Public Lands Mining Wilderness Protection Natural Resources

Legislative Strategy

"Protect Pecos Watershed from extractive industries by withdrawing land from mineral development and establishing wilderness protection"

Identified Gains

  • Environmental conservation groups
  • Recreation and tourism operators in New Mexico
  • Livestock grazing operations (existing rights protected)
  • Pecos Watershed communities

Identified Costs

  • Mining companies seeking new mineral claims
  • Oil and gas exploration companies
  • Geothermal energy developers

Legislative Progress

In Committee
Introduced Committee Passed
Dec 2, 2025

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Public Lands, …

Apr 8, 2025

Mr. Heinrich (for himself and Mr. Luján) introduced the following …

Apr 8, 2025

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and …

Apr 8, 2025

Introduced in Senate

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Mining
2 mentions across 2 clauses
-2 negative

Mining companies seeking new claims in Thompson Peak area, Mining companies seeking new mineral claims in Pecos Watershed

Oil & Gas
2 mentions across 2 clauses
-2 negative

Oil and gas companies in Thompson Peak area, Oil and gas exploration companies in Pecos Watershed area

Utilities
2 mentions across 2 clauses
-2 negative

Geothermal developers in Thompson Peak area, Geothermal energy developers in Pecos Watershed

Recreation Services
2 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive

Recreation and tourism businesses near Pecos Watershed, Recreation and wilderness tourism operators

Environment
2 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive

Environmental conservation groups, Environmental conservation organizations

Government
1 mention across 1 clause
-1 negative

U.S. Forest Service (administrative agency)

Agriculture
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Existing livestock grazing operations in Thompson Peak

State & Local Government
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

New Mexico state fish and wildlife agencies

3/3
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Legislative
Domains
Public Lands Mining
Domains
Wilderness Protection Public Lands Natural Resources
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Agriculture

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

4 terms
"Federal land" §2

The Federal land depicted as Pecos Withdrawal on the map entitled Proposed Mineral Withdrawal Legislative Map and dated September 11, 2023

"Secretary" §3(a)(1)

Secretary of Agriculture

"State" §3(a)(2)

The State of New Mexico

"wilderness area" §3(a)(3)

The Thompson Peak Wilderness Area designated by subsection (b)

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology