S1214-119

In Committee

Heating and Cooling Relief Act

119th Congress Introduced Mar 31, 2025

Summary

What This Bill Does

The bill creates congressional findings documenting that low-income households face energy burdens 3x higher than other households, with 54% reducing basic necessities to pay energy bills, authorizes appropriations of billion for fiscal year 2026 plus additional sums as necessary for emergency energy assistance, and billion for just transition grants. Removes the previous billion cap and allows funding, and adds definitions for extreme heat and extreme cold, HEAP coordinator, local coordinating agency, and State agency to the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act. Extreme heat/cold includes periods with increased risk. It relies on compliance mandates, definition changes, appropriations, and reporting requirements. The main policy areas are Energy, Social Welfare, Trade, and Housing.

Who Benefits and How

State and local governments could gain revenue opportunities, Low-income households receiving LIHEAP could see lower costs, and Low-income households in disaster areas could face fewer barriers.

Who Bears the Burden and How

State agencies administering LIHEAP would take on compliance duties, Natural gas utilities could lose revenue opportunities, and Home energy suppliers and utilities would take on compliance duties.

Key Provisions

  • Creates congressional findings documenting that low-income households face energy burdens 3x higher than other households, with 54% reducing basic necessities to pay energy bills.
  • Authorizes appropriations of billion for fiscal year 2026 plus additional sums as necessary for emergency energy assistance, and billion for just transition grants. Removes the previous billion cap and allows funding...
  • Adds definitions for extreme heat and extreme cold, HEAP coordinator, local coordinating agency, and State agency to the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act. Extreme heat/cold includes periods with increased risk...
  • Expands emergency assistance provisions to include extreme heat and extreme cold as qualifying disasters.
  • Requires raises income eligibility threshold to 250% of poverty level or 80% of state median income.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

The bill creates congressional findings documenting that low-income households face energy burdens 3x higher than other households, with 54% reducing basic necessities to pay energy bills, authorizes appropriations of billion for fiscal year 2026 plus additional sums as necessary for emergency energy assistance, and billion for just transition grants. Removes the previous billion cap and allows funding, and adds definitions for extreme heat and extreme cold, HEAP coordinator, local coordinating agency, and State agency to the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act. Extreme heat/cold includes periods with increased risk.

Key Policy Areas

Energy, Social Welfare, Trade, Housing

Primary Purpose

The bill creates congressional findings documenting that low-income households face energy burdens 3x higher than other households, with 54% reducing basic necessities to pay energy bills, authorizes appropriations of billion for fiscal year 2026 plus additional sums as necessary for emergency energy assistance, and billion for just transition grants. Removes the previous billion cap and allows funding, and adds definitions for extreme heat and extreme cold, HEAP coordinator, local coordinating agency, and State agency to the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act. Extreme heat/cold includes periods with increased risk.

Policy Domains

Energy Social Welfare Trade Housing

Funding Authorization

Identified Gains
  • State and local governments
  • Low-income households receiving LIHEAP
  • Low-income households in disaster areas
  • Low-income households
  • Households between 150-250% of poverty level
Model: codex-gpt-5:bulk-repair | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is
Low-income households:
State and local governments: ,
Low-income households receiving LIHEAP:
Low-income households in disaster areas:
Households between 150-250% of poverty level:
Identified Costs
  • State agencies administering LIHEAP
  • Natural gas utilities
  • Home energy suppliers and utilities
  • Home energy suppliers
  • Fossil fuel furnace and boiler manufacturers
Model: codex-gpt-5:bulk-repair | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: is
Home energy suppliers:
Natural gas utilities: ,
Home energy suppliers and utilities:
State agencies administering LIHEAP: ,
Fossil fuel furnace and boiler manufacturers:

Legislative Progress

In Committee
Introduced Committee Passed
Mar 31, 2025

Mr. Markey (for himself, Mr. Blumenthal, Ms. Blunt Rochester, Mr. …

Mar 31, 2025

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, …

Mar 31, 2025

Introduced in Senate

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Households
10 mentions across 9 clauses
+10 positive

Households between 150-250% of poverty level, Immigrant households, Low-income homeowners

Government
6 mentions across 6 clauses
+3 positive -3 negative

State LIHEAP administrators, State agencies administering LIHEAP, State and local governments

Positive-direction: State and local governments, State energy assistance programs

Negative-direction: State LIHEAP administrators, State agencies administering LIHEAP

Utilities
4 mentions across 4 clauses
+2 positive -2 negative

Home energy suppliers, Home energy suppliers and utilities, Home energy suppliers receiving LIHEAP payments

Home energy suppliers faces effects in multiple directions

Positive-direction: Home energy suppliers receiving LIHEAP payments

Negative-direction: Home energy suppliers and utilities

Oil & Gas
3 mentions across 3 clauses
-3 negative

Fossil fuel industry, Natural gas utilities

Construction
2 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive

Renewable energy and electrification contractors, Weatherization contractors

Manufacturing
2 mentions across 1 clause
+1 positive -1 negative

Electric heat pump and HVAC manufacturers, Fossil fuel furnace and boiler manufacturers

Positive-direction: Electric heat pump and HVAC manufacturers

Negative-direction: Fossil fuel furnace and boiler manufacturers

Labor
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Unions and workforce development programs

Small Business
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Minority and women-owned businesses

10/13
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Energy Social Welfare Trade Housing
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Health and Human Services
Domains
Energy Social Welfare
Domains
Energy Social Welfare Emergency Management
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Health and Human Services
Domains
Social Welfare
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Health and Human Services
Domains
Energy Social Welfare
Domains
Energy Housing Climate
Domains
Energy Social Welfare
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Health and Human Services
"secretary_of_energy"
→ Secretary of Energy
Domains
Energy Climate Workforce
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Health and Human Services
"secretary_of_energy"
→ Secretary of Energy

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

4 terms
"extreme heat and extreme cold" §2603(4)

A period in which there is an increased risk of heat-related or cold-related illness, hospitalization, or death; or failures or energy shutoffs of home cooling or heating.

"HEAP coordinator" §2603(5)

An employee who administers a program funded under section 2602(b) and whose salary is paid with funds made available under that section.

"local coordinating agency" §2603(9)

Any local organization or local office that receives funds under section 2602(b) to perform customer intake, or approval of benefits, on behalf of the State agency.

"major disaster" §2604(e)(1)

A major disaster or emergency declared under the Stafford Act; a public health emergency determined under section 319 of the Public Health Service Act; or a period of extreme heat or extreme cold.

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology