S1038-119

Passed Senate

TRACE Act

119th Congress Introduced Mar 13, 2025

Summary

What This Bill Does

The TRACE Act (Tracking and Reporting Absent Community-Members Everywhere Act) requires the Attorney General to add a new data field to the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (NamUs) indicating whether a missing person's last known location was on Federal land or in U.S. territorial waters. It also mandates annual reporting to Congress on these cases. The engrossed version expanded the original bill's scope to include territorial waters alongside Federal land.

Who Benefits and How

  • Families of missing persons on Federal land or territorial waters benefit from improved tracking that ensures these cases are specifically flagged and monitored in the national database, potentially helping locate their loved ones.
  • Law enforcement and search-and-rescue agencies benefit from better data identifying missing persons cases linked to Federal land or territorial waters, enabling more targeted resource allocation and cross-jurisdictional coordination.
  • Congressional oversight bodies (Senate and House Judiciary Committees) gain annual reports quantifying the scope of missing persons cases on Federal land and territorial waters, supporting evidence-based policy decisions and resource appropriations.

Who Bears the Burden and How

  • The Attorney General (via the National Institute of Justice) bears the primary implementation burden: must modify the NamUs database to add a new data field, ensure data collection processes capture Federal land and territorial waters location details, and produce annual reports to Congress beginning the second calendar year after enactment.
  • Federal land-managing agencies (USDA, Interior, Defense/Army Corps) are indirectly affected as their jurisdictions define the scope of covered Federal land, though the bill imposes no direct obligations on them.

Key Provisions

  • Defines "Attorney General" as acting through the Director of the National Institute of Justice; "Federal land" as land under USDA, Interior (excluding tribal trust land), or DOD/Army Corps jurisdiction; and "territorial waters" as the 12-nautical-mile territorial sea per Presidential Proclamation 5928 (Section 2)
  • Requires a new NamUs data field indicating whether a missing person's last known location was confirmed or suspected to be on Federal land or in territorial waters, including specific location details about the unit of Federal land or area of territorial waters (Section 3)
  • Mandates annual reports to the Senate and House Judiciary Committees on the number of NamUs cases involving Federal land or territorial waters, starting January 15 of the second calendar year after enactment (Section 4)
  • Requires NamUs to add a federal-land and territorial-waters location field.
  • Directs annual reports to House and Senate Judiciary Committees.
  • Covers missing-person cases involving federal land and U.S. territorial waters.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Requires the Attorney General to add a data field to the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (NamUs) indicating whether a missing person's last known location was on Federal land or in U.S. territorial waters, and mandates annual congressional reporting on such cases.

Key Policy Areas

Criminal Justice, Public Safety, Federal Lands

Primary Purpose

Requires the Attorney General to add a data field to the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (NamUs) indicating whether a missing person's last known location was on Federal land or in U.S. territorial waters, and mandates annual congressional reporting on such cases.

Policy Domains

Criminal Justice Public Safety Federal Lands

TRACE Act — Missing Persons Data on Federal Land and Territorial Waters

Identified Gains
  • Families of missing persons
  • Search-and-rescue agencies
  • Congressional Judiciary Committees
  • Federal land management agencies
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: es
Search-and-rescue agencies: , , , , , , , , ,
Families of missing persons: , , , , , , , , ,
Federal land management agencies: , , , , , , , , ,
Congressional Judiciary Committees: , , , , , , , , ,
Identified Costs
  • Department of Justice
  • National Missing and Unidentified Persons System administrators
  • Coast Guard
  • Maritime law-enforcement agencies
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: es
Coast Guard: , , , , , , , , ,
Department of Justice: , , , , , , , , ,
Maritime law-enforcement agencies: , , , , , , , , ,
National Missing and Unidentified Persons System administrators: , , , , , , , , ,

Legislative Progress

Passed Senate
Introduced Committee Passed
Sep 4, 2025

Held at the desk.

Sep 4, 2025

Received in the House.

Sep 4, 2025

Message on Senate action sent to the House.

Sep 2, 2025

Passed Senate with an amendment by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR …

Sep 2, 2025

Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate with an amendment by …

Jul 28, 2025

Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. …

Jul 28, 2025

Reported by Mr. Grassley, with an amendment

Jul 28, 2025 (inferred)

Passed Senate (inferred from es version)

Jul 28, 2025

Committee on the Judiciary. Reported by Senator Grassley with an …

Jul 24, 2025

Committee on the Judiciary. Ordered to be reported with an …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Law Enforcement
6 mentions across 4 clauses
-6 negative

Coast Guard and maritime agencies, Coast Guard and maritime law enforcement agencies, Department of Justice / National Institute of Justice

General Public
2 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive

Families and advocates for missing persons on Federal property, Families of missing persons in maritime areas

Government
2 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive

Congressional Judiciary Committees, Congressional Judiciary Committees (Senate and House)

Federal Land Management
1 mention across 1 clause
-1 negative

Federal land management agencies (USDA Forest Service, DOI Bureau of Land Management, Army Corps of Engineers)

4/8
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Criminal Justice Public Safety Federal Lands
Actor Mappings
"secretary_of_defense"
→ Secretary of Defense (Army Corps of Engineers land/water projects only)
"the_attorney_general"
→ Attorney General, acting through the Director of the National Institute of Justice
"secretary_of_interior"
→ Secretary of the Interior (Federal land jurisdiction, excluding tribal trust land)
"secretary_of_agriculture"
→ Secretary of Agriculture (Federal land jurisdiction)

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

1 term
"" §id3375efbf-35dd-4236-ba23-35fc5fb4fca7

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology