HR7848-119

In Committee

National Weather Safety Board Act

119th Congress Introduced Mar 5, 2026

Summary

What This Bill Does

The National Weather Safety Board Act establishes an independent National Weather Safety Board within 180 days. The President appoints at least seven Senate-confirmed members from relevant scientific, meteorological, social-science, academic, and emergency-management backgrounds; no more than four may share a political party. Members serve five-year terms and may be removed only for neglect of duty or malfeasance.

Within 120 days after establishment, the Board must coordinate with the Army Corps of Engineers, DHS, FCC, NOAA, and National Weather Service to build a system summarizing a disaster's affected population, severity, and economic impact. Within 14 days after a severe-weather event becomes a covered major disaster, the Board votes whether to investigate. An affirmative quorum vote permits review of relevant federal preparedness, forecasts, warnings, protective decisions, and response.

Investigated agencies must provide requested information, and the Board may issue subpoenas enforceable in federal district court. It must issue a preliminary congressional report within 90 days after the disaster concludes and a final findings-and-recommendations report within 20 months after opening an investigation. A public website must track each recommendation, responsible agency, and implementation status.

Covered disasters include Stafford Act major disasters and severe-weather events causing at least 10 deaths, 100 injuries, or rapid-onset mass casualties. Covered weather includes hurricanes, tropical storms, floods, tornadoes, winter weather, extreme cold, and tsunamis. The Board terminates five years after its final member is confirmed.

Who Benefits and How

Disaster survivors and communities exposed to severe weather benefit from independent review of forecasts, warnings, preparedness, and response. Emergency managers and weather forecasters gain documented lessons and recommendations. Congress receives time-bound findings, and the public gains a transparent implementation tracker. Agencies may use recommendations to reduce future loss of life and property.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Board members and investigative staff must rapidly triage disasters, collect evidence, conduct investigations, issue reports, and maintain the public tracker. NOAA, DHS, FEMA, FCC, Army Corps, and National Weather Service staff must provide data and respond to recommendations. Federal courts may need to enforce subpoenas. The executive branch must nominate and confirm members, establish offices, and fund a temporary independent entity.

Key Provisions

  • Establishes an independent National Weather Safety Board within 180 days.
  • Requires at least seven Senate-confirmed members with partisan-balance limits.
  • Creates a coordinated disaster-information system within 120 days.
  • Requires an investigation vote within 14 days of a covered declaration.
  • Authorizes agency information demands and judicially enforceable subpoenas.
  • Directs preliminary and final reports on preparedness and response.
  • Requires a public tracker of recommendations and agency implementation.
  • Defines fatality, injury, and mass-casualty thresholds for covered disasters.
  • Terminates the Board five years after confirmation of its final member.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Creates a temporary independent National Weather Safety Board to investigate selected severe-weather disasters, compel evidence, report preparedness and response findings, and publicly track agency implementation of recommendations.

Key Policy Areas

Severe Weather, Disaster Response, Independent Investigations, Emergency Management, Weather Forecasting, Congressional Oversight

Primary Purpose

Creates a temporary independent National Weather Safety Board to investigate selected severe-weather disasters, compel evidence, report preparedness and response findings, and publicly track agency implementation of recommendations.

Policy Domains

Severe Weather Disaster Response Independent Investigations Emergency Management Weather Forecasting Congressional Oversight

Section 2 National Weather Safety Board

Identified Gains
  • Survivors of covered weather disasters
  • Communities exposed to severe weather
  • State emergency-management agencies
  • Weather forecasting organizations
  • Congressional disaster-oversight committees
  • Public users of the recommendation tracker
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
Weather forecasting organizations:
State emergency-management agencies:
Communities exposed to severe weather:
Survivors of covered weather disasters:
Public users of the recommendation tracker:
Congressional disaster-oversight committees:
Identified Costs
  • National Weather Safety Board members
  • National Weather Safety Board investigators
  • NOAA disaster-response staff
  • FEMA disaster-response staff
  • Army Corps disaster-response staff
  • Federal Communications Commission emergency staff
  • Federal courts enforcing Board subpoenas
  • Federal weather-safety board accounts
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
FEMA disaster-response staff:
NOAA disaster-response staff:
Army Corps disaster-response staff:
Federal weather-safety board accounts:
National Weather Safety Board members:
Federal courts enforcing Board subpoenas:
National Weather Safety Board investigators:
Federal Communications Commission emergency staff:

Legislative Progress

In Committee
Introduced Committee Passed
Mar 5, 2026

Referred to the House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure.

Mar 5, 2026

Introduced in House

Mar 5, 2026

Mr. Sorensen introduced the following bill; which was referred to …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Government
8 mentions across 1 clause
+1 positive -7 negative

Army Corps disaster-response staff, Congressional disaster-oversight committees, FEMA disaster-response staff

Positive-direction: Congressional disaster-oversight committees

Negative-direction: Army Corps disaster-response staff, FEMA disaster-response staff, Federal courts enforcing Board subpoenas, Federal weather-safety board accounts, NOAA disaster-response staff, National Weather Safety Board investigators, National Weather Safety Board members

Disaster Planning/Emergencies
2 mentions across 1 clause
+2 positive

Communities exposed to severe weather, Survivors of covered weather disasters

State & Local Government
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

State emergency-management agencies

Environment
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Weather forecasting organizations

1/2
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Severe Weather Disaster Response Independent Investigations Emergency Management Weather Forecasting Congressional Oversight
Actor Mappings
"congress"
→ Congressional committees receiving investigation reports
"safety_board"
→ Independent National Weather Safety Board
"investigated_entity"
→ Relevant Army Corps, DHS, FEMA, FCC, NOAA, or National Weather Service component

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

3 terms
"Board termination" §2(g)

Five years after the final Board member is confirmed by the Senate.

"covered major disaster" §2(h)(1)

A severe-weather Stafford Act major disaster or event causing at least 10 fatalities, 100 injuries, or rapid-onset mass casualties.

"severe weather event" §2(h)(2)

A hurricane, tropical storm, flood, tornado, winter-weather event, extreme-cold event, or tsunami.

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology