HR6937-119

In Committee

End H-1B Now Act

119th Congress Introduced Jan 2, 2026

Summary

What This Bill Does

The End H-1B Now Act changes Medicare graduate medical education reimbursement rules, despite the title referring to H-1B. It amends Social Security Act section 1886(h)(5)(A), which defines approved medical residency training programs for Medicare payment purposes. For cost-reporting periods beginning on or after enactment, an approved program would no longer include any program that trains an individual who is an alien under the Immigration and Nationality Act. In practice, a teaching hospital or residency program that trains noncitizen physicians could lose Medicare GME treatment for that program.

Who Benefits and How

Supporters of reserving federally supported residency slots for United States citizens benefit because the bill uses Medicare payment rules to pressure programs away from training noncitizens. United States citizen medical graduates may benefit if programs respond by reserving more slots for citizen trainees. Immigration-restriction advocates benefit from a federal funding lever that reaches graduate medical education without directly rewriting visa law.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Teaching hospitals and residency programs bear a major financial and staffing risk if training any noncitizen makes a program ineligible for Medicare GME support. Noncitizen medical graduates, including foreign medical graduates and other alien trainees, face reduced access to residency slots. Medicare administrators must enforce the new exclusion in cost reports. Patients in underserved areas could face workforce risk if hospitals reduce residency capacity or lose international medical graduates who often serve shortage specialties or regions.

Key Provisions

  • Amends Medicare’s approved medical residency training program definition.
  • Excludes any program that trains an alien as defined in the Immigration and Nationality Act.
  • Applies to cost-reporting periods beginning on or after enactment.
  • Uses Medicare GME payment eligibility rather than direct visa rules to discourage training noncitizen residents.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Excludes any residency training program that trains an alien, as defined by immigration law, from the Medicare graduate medical education definition of an approved medical residency training program for cost-reporting periods beginning after enactment.

Key Policy Areas

Healthcare, Immigration, Medical Education, Medicare

Primary Purpose

Excludes any residency training program that trains an alien, as defined by immigration law, from the Medicare graduate medical education definition of an approved medical residency training program for cost-reporting periods beginning after enactment.

Policy Domains

Healthcare Immigration Medical Education Medicare

Substantive provisions

Identified Gains
  • Supporters of citizen-only federally supported residency slots
  • United States citizen medical graduates
  • Immigration-restriction advocates
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
Immigration-restriction advocates:
United States citizen medical graduates:
Supporters of citizen-only federally supported residency slots:
Identified Costs
  • Teaching hospitals
  • Residency programs
  • Noncitizen medical graduates
  • Foreign medical graduates
  • Medicare administrators
  • Patients in underserved areas
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
Residency programs:
Teaching hospitals:
Medicare administrators:
Foreign medical graduates:
Noncitizen medical graduates:
Patients in underserved areas:

Legislative Progress

In Committee
Introduced Committee Passed
Jan 2, 2026

Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition …

Jan 2, 2026

Introduced in House

Jan 2, 2026

Ms. Greene of Georgia introduced the following bill; which was …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Healthcare
1 mention across 1 clause
-1 negative

Teaching hospitals and Medicare-funded residency programs

Education
1 mention across 1 clause
-1 negative

Foreign medical graduates and other noncitizen residency trainees

1/3
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Healthcare Immigration Medical Education Medicare

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology