HR6506-119

Introduced

Taxpayer Due Process Enhancement Act

119th Congress Introduced Dec 9, 2025

Legislative Progress

Introduced
Introduced Committee Passed
Dec 9, 2025

Mr. Moran (for himself and Ms. Sewell) introduced the following …

Summary

What This Bill Does

The Taxpayer Due Process Enhancement Act strengthens protections for taxpayers who are disputing IRS collection actions like liens and levies. It addresses a fundamental fairness problem: currently, while taxpayers fight the IRS in administrative hearings, they can lose their right to claim refunds simply because the clock runs out, and the IRS can seize any refunds owed to offset the disputed debt.

Who Benefits and How

Individual taxpayers and small businesses disputing IRS collection actions benefit significantly. They gain three key protections: (1) the statute of limitations for claiming refunds is paused while they contest IRS actions, so they do not lose refund rights during lengthy disputes; (2) the IRS cannot seize their refunds to pay disputed tax debts until the dispute is resolved; and (3) they can challenge both the collection action and the underlying tax liability in a single Tax Court case, avoiding costly dual proceedings. Tax attorneys and practitioners also benefit from expanded work opportunities in Tax Court litigation.

Who Bears the Burden and How

The IRS faces increased administrative burden and reduced collection efficiency. The agency loses the ability to offset refunds against disputed liabilities during collection proceedings and must defend both collection determinations and underlying tax assessments in Tax Court. The federal government may experience delayed collection of legitimately owed taxes and temporarily reduced revenue. The U.S. Tax Court receives expanded jurisdiction, potentially increasing its caseload.

Key Provisions

  • Suspends the statute of limitations for filing refund claims while a taxpayer contests IRS collection actions through Collection Due Process hearings
  • Prohibits the IRS from using taxpayer refunds to offset disputed tax liabilities until the dispute is resolved (except with taxpayer consent)
  • Expands Tax Court jurisdiction to review underlying tax liability in addition to collection determinations
  • Allows Tax Court to consider equitable tolling for missed filing deadlines
  • Retains Tax Court jurisdiction even if the IRS abandons the collection action
Model: claude-opus-4
Generated: Dec 27, 2025 17:43

Evidence Chain:

This summary is derived from the structured analysis below. See "Detailed Analysis" for per-title beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

Primary Purpose

Enhances taxpayer due process rights during IRS collection proceedings by suspending statutes of limitations, prohibiting offset of refunds against disputed liabilities, and expanding Tax Court jurisdiction.

Policy Domains

Taxation Due Process Tax Administration

Legislative Strategy

"Strengthen taxpayer rights in disputes with the IRS by tolling limitation periods, protecting refunds from offset, and providing judicial review of underlying tax liabilities"

Likely Beneficiaries

  • Individual taxpayers disputing IRS collection actions
  • Small businesses facing IRS liens or levies
  • Tax practitioners and attorneys representing taxpayers
  • Tax Court and tax litigation practice

Likely Burden Bearers

  • IRS and Treasury Department (reduced collection efficiency)
  • Federal government (delayed tax collection, potential reduced revenue)

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Taxation Tax Administration
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Treasury
Domains
Taxation Tax Administration
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Treasury
Domains
Taxation Tax Administration Courts
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Treasury

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

3 terms
"period of limitations for credit or refund" §6511

The statutory deadline (generally 3 years from filing or 2 years from payment) within which a taxpayer must file a claim for refund

"collection action proceedings" §6330(e)(1)

Administrative hearings under IRC section 6320 or 6330 where taxpayers can challenge IRS collection actions including liens and levies

"underlying tax liability" §6330(c)(2)(B)

The tax liability that is the subject of the IRS collection action and can be disputed at a Collection Due Process hearing

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology